Hindi English Translation || Editorial || Hungary for change: On Victor Orban’s ouster

Hungary for change: On Victor Orban’s ouster

Peter Magyar’s win may reverse (उलट देना, रद्द करना) hard-right domestic and foreign policies

The voter’s verdict in Hungary, that ousted (हटाना, पद से निकालना) Victor Orban, Hungary’s Christian-nationalist (ईसाई-राष्ट्रवादी, धार्मिक-राष्ट्रवादी), populist and hard-right (अत्यंत दक्षिणपंथी, कट्टर रूढ़िवादी) Prime Minister with a record 20 years in power (सत्ता में, शासन में) (1998-2002 and 2010-2026) and four previous consecutive (लगातार, क्रमिक) electoral wins, is unambiguous (स्पष्ट, निर्विवाद). According to the latest results, opposition leader Peter Magyar’s Tisza party (The Respect and Freedom Party (Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt), a centre-right, pro-European political party in Hungary led by Peter Magyar, which campaigned on anti-corruption and institutional reform to challenge the ruling establishment) has won about 138 seats, to Mr. Orban’s Fidesz party’s (The Hungarian Civic Alliance, a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Hungary that governed the country for 16 consecutive years under Prime Minister Viktor Orbán) 55. The massive two-thirds majority in the Hungarian parliament (The National Assembly (Országgyűlés), which is the unicameral legislative body of Hungary responsible for debating and passing laws, electing the Prime Minister, and overseeing the government’s actions) is enough to help Mr. Magyar overturn (रद्द करना, पलट देना) many of the Orban-era shifts (परिवर्तन, बदलाव) on education and health, judicial independence (न्यायिक स्वतंत्रता), and the controversial (विवादास्पद) NER (Nemzeti Együttműködés Rendszere) or National Cooperation System that the opposition (विपक्ष) said had led to an economic downturn (आर्थिक मंदी, आर्थिक गिरावट), widespread (व्यापक, सर्वत्र फैला हुआ) corruption and crony capitalism (an economic system in which businesses thrive not as a result of risk-taking but rather as a return on money amassed through a nexus between the business class and the political class; corrupt capitalism, insider capitalism, political favoritism, oligarchy), as well as (in addition to; besides, moreover) an anti-European Union stance (position, standpoint, viewpoint, perspective). Mr. Magyar, who was a Fidesz party leader until just two years ago when he quit the ruling party in protest of (as a way of expressing strong objection to something; objecting to, opposing, against, challenging) its policies and set up (to establish or organize a new business, organization, or movement; establish, found, initiate, create) his own political movement (a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or societal norms; political campaign, coalition, crusade), is unlikely (not expected to happen or be true; improbable, doubtful, questionable, implausible) to reverse Mr. Orban’s anti-immigrant (opposed to people entering and settling in a foreign country; xenophobic, anti-foreigner, nativist, restrictionist) policies, however (nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, on the other hand). Ahead of the polls, Victor Orban was endorsed (support, back, champion, sanction) by three powerful leaders, all seen as aggressors (a person or country that attacks another first; attacker, invader, instigator, assailant) in recent conflicts (war, warfare, battle, clash, hostility) — U.S. President Donald Trump, who even sent Vice-President J.D. Vance to address (speak to, talk to, lecture, discourse) a public rally (a mass meeting of people making a political protest or showing support for a cause; gathering, assembly, demonstration, march) with Mr. Orban in Budapest last week; Russian President Vladimir Putin; and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, whom Mr. Orban supported unequivocally (clearly, explicitly, unambiguously, unconditionally). Hungary actually quit the International Criminal Court (an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague (Netherlands) that investigates and prosecutes individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community, including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity) after it issued a warrant (a legal document issued by a competent body or official authorizing police or another body to make an arrest or search premises; authorization, order, writ) against the Israeli Prime Minister for war crimes. It remains to be seen whether post-Orban Hungary turns its course on the wars in Iran, Ukraine or Gaza.

Most significantly for the world, that saw the rise of many populist leaders through elections in the 2010s, Hungary’s election verdict denotes (indicate, signify, point to, represent, symbolize) that voters worldwide may be tiring of the hard-right, anti-pluralistic (opposed to the coexistence of different political, cultural, or social groups within a society; intolerant, monolithic, anti-diversity, exclusive), anti-immigrant and xenophobic (exhibiting fear or hatred of foreigners, people from different cultures, or strangers; prejudiced, anti-foreigner, nationalist, insular) rhetoric they favoured (prefer, opt for, advocate, champion). Similar outcomes (result, consequence, aftermath, conclusion) have been seen in elections in Canada, Australia, the Netherlands, the U.K. and Poland. Such trends (tendency, movement, drift, pattern) also provide a check (restraint, control, curb, deterrent) to the authoritarian (dictatorial, autocratic, tyrannical, oppressive) single-party rule that a whole range of leaders have tried to implement (execute, apply, carry out) using illiberal (opposing liberal principles, such as limiting political and civil liberties while maintaining the facade of democratic institutions; undemocratic, intolerant, restrictive, authoritarian) policies, politically motivated (done for reasons connected to politics rather than for justice or administrative fairness; partisan, biased, factional, prejudiced) cases against the opposition, the denigration of democratic institutions (an established organization or system founded upon democratic principles to serve the state and its people; constitutional body) and a clampdown (suppression, crackdown, prevention, restriction) on free speech (the right to express any opinions without censorship or restraint; freedom of expression, freedom of speech, civil liberty). Mr. Magyar has his work cut out if he aims to reverse these policies in Hungary. The real test of a democratic leader is not just winning elections, but in pursuing (to seek to attain or accomplish a goal or policy; follow, engage in, carry on, execute) inclusive (comprehensive, all-embracing, broad-based, unified) policies, representational (representative, democratic, proportional, reflective) of the entire population and providing accountability (responsibility, liability, answerability, transparency) for their actions, long after (happening at a time significantly later than another event; well after, much later, subsequently, following closely) forming the government.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.reverse (verb)

Hindi Meaning - उलट देना, रद्द करना
English Meaning - overturn, invalidate, revoke, undo, cancel.

2.hard-right (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - अत्यंत दक्षिणपंथी, कट्टर रूढ़िवादी
English Meaning - relating to political groups or ideologies that hold extreme conservative or right-wing views; ultra-conservative, extremist, right-wing, reactionary.

3.oust (verb)

Hindi Meaning - हटाना, पद से निकालना
English Meaning - remove, expel, overthrow, topple.

4.Christian-nationalist (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - ईसाई-राष्ट्रवादी, धार्मिक-राष्ट्रवादी
English Meaning - relating to an ideology that combines conservative Christian identity with political nationalism; religious-nationalist, faith-based nationalist, orthodox-conservative, traditionalist-nationalist.

5.in power (phrase)

Hindi Meaning - सत्ता में, शासन में
English Meaning - holding control or authority, particularly in a government; ruling, governing, in office, in charge.

6.consecutive (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - लगातार, क्रमिक
English Meaning - successive, sequential, continuous, back-to-back.

7.unambiguous (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - स्पष्ट, निर्विवाद
English Meaning - clear, evident, apparent, distinct.

8.overturn (verb)

Hindi Meaning - रद्द करना, पलट देना
English Meaning - invalidate, annul, quash, reverse, cancel, negate.

9.shift (noun)

Hindi Meaning - परिवर्तन, बदलाव
English Meaning - change, alteration, modification, adjustment.

10.judicial independence (noun)

Hindi Meaning - न्यायिक स्वतंत्रता
English Meaning - the concept that the judiciary should be kept away from the other branches of government and not be subject to improper influence; legal autonomy, impartial justice, judicial freedom, unbiased judiciary.

11.controversial (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - विवादास्पद
English Meaning - contentious, disputed, debatable, hot-button.

12.the opposition (noun)

Hindi Meaning - विपक्ष
English Meaning - the political parties or groups that are opposed to the sitting government.

13.lead to (phrasal verb)

Hindi Meaning - कारण बनना, परिणामस्वरूप होना
English Meaning - to result in a particular state or situation; cause, bring about, result in, produce, give rise to.

14.economic downturn (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आर्थिक मंदी, आर्थिक गिरावट
English Meaning - a general slowdown in economic activity over a sustained period; recession, slump, decline, contraction.

15.widespread (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - व्यापक, सर्वत्र फैला हुआ
English Meaning - extensive, prevalent, rampant, sweeping.

16.populist (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to a political approach that strives to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are disregarded by established elite groups; anti-establishment, mass-appealing, demagogic.

17.hard-right (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to extreme conservative political views; ultra-conservative, reactionary, right-wing extremist, radical-right.

18.hungry for change (phrase)

English Meaning - having a strong desire or craving for political transformation and new leadership; craving reform, desiring shift, yearning for transition.

19.ouster (noun)

English Meaning - dismissal, eviction, deposition, unseating.

20.populist (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the politicians who claim that they are representing the common/ordinary people; mass-appealing, demagogic.

21.Tisza party (organization)

English Meaning - The Respect and Freedom Party (Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt), a centre-right, pro-European political party in Hungary led by Peter Magyar, which campaigned on anti-corruption and institutional reform to challenge the ruling establishment.

22.Fidesz party (organization)

English Meaning - The Hungarian Civic Alliance, a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Hungary that governed the country for 16 consecutive years under Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.

23.Hungarian parliament (body)

English Meaning - The National Assembly (Országgyűlés), which is the unicameral legislative body of Hungary responsible for debating and passing laws, electing the Prime Minister, and overseeing the government’s actions.

24.Orban-era (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the period of time when Viktor Orbán served as the Prime Minister of Hungary, characterized by specific political, social, and economic policies; Orbán-period.

25.NER (Nemzeti Együttműködés Rendszere) or National Cooperation System (body)

English Meaning - the political framework and system introduced by Viktor Orbán’s government in 2010 to consolidate control and reshape Hungary’s institutional, economic, and social structures under a centralized administration.

26.crony capitalism (noun)

English Meaning - an economic system in which businesses thrive not as a result of risk-taking but rather as a return on money amassed through a nexus between the business class and the political class; corrupt capitalism, insider capitalism, political favoritism, oligarchy.

27.as well as (phrase)

English Meaning - in addition to; besides, moreover.

28.stance (noun)

English Meaning - position, standpoint, viewpoint, perspective.

29.in protest of (phrase)

English Meaning - as a way of expressing strong objection to something; objecting to, opposing, against, challenging.

30.set up (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to establish or organize a new business, organization, or movement; establish, found, initiate, create.

31.political movement (noun)

English Meaning - a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or societal norms; political campaign, coalition, crusade.

32.unlikely (adjective)

English Meaning - not expected to happen or be true; improbable, doubtful, questionable, implausible.

33.reverse (verb)

English Meaning - overturn, revoke, repeal, rescind.

34.anti-immigrant (adjective)

English Meaning - opposed to people entering and settling in a foreign country; xenophobic, anti-foreigner, nativist, restrictionist.

35.however (adverb)

English Meaning - nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, on the other hand.

36.endorse (verb)

English Meaning - support, back, champion, sanction.

37.aggressor (noun)

English Meaning - a person or country that attacks another first; attacker, invader, instigator, assailant.

38.conflict (noun)

English Meaning - war, warfare, battle, clash, hostility.

39.address (verb)

English Meaning - speak to, talk to, lecture, discourse.

40.public rally (noun)

English Meaning - a mass meeting of people making a political protest or showing support for a cause; gathering, assembly, demonstration, march.

41.unequivocally (adverb)

English Meaning - clearly, explicitly, unambiguously, unconditionally.

42.the International Criminal Court (organization)

English Meaning - an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague (Netherlands) that investigates and prosecutes individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community, including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

43.warrant (noun)

English Meaning - a legal document issued by a competent body or official authorizing police or another body to make an arrest or search premises; authorization, order, writ.

44.war crime (noun)

English Meaning - an action carried out during the conduct of a war that violates accepted international rules of war; atrocity, violation of international law, crime against humanity, unlawful act of war.

45.turn one’s course (phrase)

English Meaning - to alter the direction, policy, or approach previously taken; change direction, alter path, shift strategy.

46.denote (verb)

English Meaning - indicate, signify, point to, represent, symbolize.

47.tire of (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to become bored with or lose interest in someone or something; become weary of, lose patience with, have enough of, get sick of.

48.anti-pluralistic (adjective)

English Meaning - opposed to the coexistence of different political, cultural, or social groups within a society; intolerant, monolithic, anti-diversity, exclusive.

49.xenophobic (adjective)

English Meaning - exhibiting fear or hatred of foreigners, people from different cultures, or strangers; prejudiced, anti-foreigner, nationalist, insular.

50.rhetoric (noun)

English Meaning - the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, often regarded as lacking in sincerity or meaningful content; bombast, grandiloquence, verbosity, oratory, extravagant language, boastfulness.

51.favour (verb)

English Meaning - prefer, opt for, advocate, champion.

52.outcome (noun)

English Meaning - result, consequence, aftermath, conclusion.

53.trend (noun)

English Meaning - tendency, movement, drift, pattern.

54.check (noun)

English Meaning - restraint, control, curb, deterrent.

55.authoritarian (adjective)

English Meaning - dictatorial, autocratic, tyrannical, oppressive.

56.implement (verb)

English Meaning - execute, apply, carry out.

57.illiberal (adjective)

English Meaning - opposing liberal principles, such as limiting political and civil liberties while maintaining the facade of democratic institutions; undemocratic, intolerant, restrictive, authoritarian.

58.politically motivated (adjective)

English Meaning - done for reasons connected to politics rather than for justice or administrative fairness; partisan, biased, factional, prejudiced.

59.motivated (adjective)

English Meaning - driven, prompted, inspired, induced.

60.denigration (noun)

English Meaning - defamation, belittlement, disparagement, slander.

61.democratic institution (noun)

English Meaning - an established organization or system founded upon democratic principles to serve the state and its people; constitutional body.

62.clampdown (noun)

English Meaning - suppression, crackdown, prevention, restriction.

63.free speech (noun)

English Meaning - the right to express any opinions without censorship or restraint; freedom of expression, freedom of speech, civil liberty.

64.have one’s work cut out (phrase)

English Meaning - to be faced with a very difficult task or challenge; face a hard task, have a tough job, face difficulties, have a demanding task ahead.

65.pursue (verb)

English Meaning - to seek to attain or accomplish a goal or policy; follow, engage in, carry on, execute.

66.inclusive (adjective)

English Meaning - comprehensive, all-embracing, broad-based, unified.

67.representational (adjective)

English Meaning - representative, democratic, proportional, reflective.

68.accountability (noun)

English Meaning - responsibility, liability, answerability, transparency.

69.long after (phrase)

English Meaning - happening at a time significantly later than another event; well after, much later, subsequently, following closely.