CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam 2025 : Expert Most Expected Questions PDF for All Chapters

As per the CBSE Class 12 board exam 2025 date sheet, the Class 12 Physics exam is scheduled for February 21, 2025. With very little time left, Class 12 students are preparing hard for the Physics board exam.

To help students excel in the Class 12 Physics board exam 2025, Physics experts have compiled a set of expected questions.

These expert-prepared questions are for students to prepare using their textbooks, sample papers, model question papers, and previous years' question papers available on the official website of CBSE. In this article, we will explore some expected questions from all chapters.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam: Most Expected Questions

Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

Question 1: State and explain Coulomb’s law in vector form.

Question 2: Define electric flux and state Gauss’s law.

Question 3: Use Gauss’s law to derive the expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long charged wire or charged sheet.

Question 4: Derive the expression for the electric field at a point on the axial line of an electric dipole.

Question 5: Using Gauss's theorem, derive the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell at a point outside the shell.

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Question 1: Derive the expression for electric potential due to a point charge.

Question 2: Explain the concept of equipotential surfaces with examples.

Question 3: Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor with a dielectric slab inserted between the plates.

Chapter 3: Current Electricity

Question 1: State and explain Ohm’s law.

Question 2: State Kirchhoff’s laws and solve a circuit using them.

Question 3: Derive the relation I= nqvA for current in a conductor.

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Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Question 1: Why should the spring/suspension wire in a moving coil galvanometer have low torsional constant?

Question 2: Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a toroid, but not within a straight solenoid. Why?

Question 3: What is the direction of the force acting on a charged particle q, moving with a velocity v→ in a uniform magnetic field B?

Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter

Question 1: The permeability of a magnetic material is 0.9983. Name the type of magnetic materials it represents.

Question 2: The susceptibility of a magnetic material is 1.9 × 10^-5. Name the type of magnetic materials it represents.

Question 3: The susceptibility of a magnetic material is – 4.2 × 10^-6. Name the type of magnetic materials it represents.

Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction

Question 1: State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction. Derive the expression for induced EMF.

Question 2: Explain Lenz’s law and its applications.

Question 3: Derive the expression for mutual inductance of two solenoids.

Question 4: Derive the expression for the self-inductance of a solenoid.

Question 5: Explain the working of an AC generator.

Chapter 7: Alternating Current

Question 1: Derive the expression for the impedance in an LCR series circuit.

Question 2: Explain the concept of resonance in an LCR circuit.

Question 3: Draw the phasor diagram for an LCR circuit.

Question 4: Explain the power factor and its significance in AC circuits.

Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves

Question 1: Derive the relation between electric field and magnetic field in an electromagnetic wave.

Question 2: State Maxwell’s equations and explain their physical significance.

Question 3: Write the mathematical expression for a plane electromagnetic wave propagating in space.

Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Question 1: Derive the mirror formula and explain the sign conventions used.

Question 2: Derive the lens maker’s formula for a convex lens.

Question 3: Explain the phenomenon of total internal reflection with examples.

Question 4: Explain the working of a compound microscope.

Chapter 10: Wave Optics

Question 1: Derive the condition for constructive and destructive interference in Young’s double-slit experiment.

Question 2: Explain the phenomenon of diffraction at a single slit.

Question 3: Derive the expression for the width of the central maxima in single-slit diffraction.

Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Question 1: Derive the expression for the de Broglie wavelength of a particle.

Question 2: Explain the photoelectric effect and state Einstein's photoelectric equation.

Question 3: Draw a graph to show the variation of photocurrent with:

Intensity of light
Frequency of light
Potential difference

Question 4: Numerical: Calculate the threshold frequency of a material with a given work function.

Question 5: Numerical: Calculate the kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted when light of a specific wavelength is incident on a metal surface.

Chapter 12: Atoms

Question 1: Explain Rutherford’s model of the atom and its limitations.

Question 2: Derive the expression for the radius of the nth orbit of the hydrogen atom using Bohr’s model.

Question 3: State and derive the expression for the energy of an electron in the nth orbit of a hydrogen atom.

Question 4: Explain the spectral series of the hydrogen atom (Lyman, Balmer, etc.).

Question 5: Numerical: Calculate the wavelength of the emitted photon during the transition of an electron between two energy levels in a hydrogen atom.

Chapter 13: Nuclei

Question 1: Define mass defect and binding energy. Derive the relation between them.

Question 2: Explain the nuclear force and its characteristics.

Question 3: Explain nuclear fission and fusion, with their applications in energy production.

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics – Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

Question 1: Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.

Question 2: Discuss the working of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.

Question 3: Draw and explain the circuit diagram of a half-wave rectifier.

Question 4: Derive the expression for the efficiency of a full-wave rectifier.

👉 CBSE Class 12 Study Materials

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25	CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Papers
NCERT Books For Class 12 Books	NCERT Class 12 Solutions
CBSE Class 12 Full Study Material	CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2024-25

CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam 2025 : Expert Most Expected Questions PDF for All Chapters

CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam: Most Expected Questions

👉 CBSE Class 12 Study Materials

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