Hindi English Translation || Editorial || Home and abroad: On India’s role as a bridge between polarised nations

Home and abroad: On India’s role as a bridge between polarised nations

If India is to unite polarised (ध्रुवीकरण, दो विरोधी में विभाजित) nations, it must bring all divisive (बांटनेवाला, विभाजक) forces (ताकत, समूह) under control

Delivering India’s statement at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (संयुक्त राष्ट्र महासभा) this year, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar spoke of several challenges in India’s past, present and future, with a special emphasis (ज़ोर, महत्त्व) on the immediate “shocks (झटका, धक्का)” arising from the war in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic (महामारी), climate change (जलवायु परिवर्तन), and terrorism. In stark contrast (अंतर, भिन्नता) to the Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, who made pejorative (अपमानजनक, अस्वीकृत करना) remarks about India, Mr. Jaishankar made no direct comment on Pakistan. Nor did he directly mention India’s challenges at the Line of Actual Control (वास्तविक नियंत्रण रेखा), although he criticised China’s habit of politicising (राज-नीति के बारे में कहना, राजनीतिक रंग देना) and blocking UN Security Council (संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद) terrorist designations (पद, वर्गीकरण, पहचान). His comments (opinion, view, statement, remark) on Ukraine were watched (pay attention to, pay heed to, take note of), as they came days after Prime Minister Narendra Modi was lauded (acclaim, admire, commend, praise, extol) by western countries for telling Russian President Vladimir Putin that the “era of war is over”. Mr. Jaishankar expanded on (develop, enhance, build on) Mr. Modi’s theme (subject matter, subject, message, point) without seeming (appear, look) to either criticise Russia or condone (approve, sanction, justify, vindicate, endorse) its actions: instead, he said, India stands on the side of peace, of respect for the UN charter (constitution, canon, body of law, system of rules), dialogue (discussion, talk, conversation, consultation, deliberation) and diplomacy (international politics, foreign affairs, foreign policy; negotiations, discussions, talks, dialogue (related to international politics)), and with all those now grappling with the “escalating (increase/rise rapidly, soar, surge, skyrocket) costs of food, of fuel and fertilizers”. His words were even-handed (impartial, equitable, unbiased, fair, reasonable), and require global stakeholders (a person with an interest in something) to consider both the risks from the conflict (war, armed conflict, battle, fighting) in Ukraine, and from U.S.-EU led sanctions (action taken, or an order given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc) that could exacerbate (increase, raise, aggravate) global economic fragmentation (breaking, separation, splintering, disunion, disintegration) and inflationary (relating to inflation; causing inflation) trends. The prognosis (forecast, prediction, projection) seems even bleaker, given (considering, taking into account, bearing in mind) that just prior to the UNGA, Mr. Putin delivered a speech committing to Russia’s ability to use “all weapons”, indicating nuclear options, while the Ukrainian President said no dialogue could bring an end to (to stop, finish, or complete something) the war, calling instead for more weaponry and a global effort to “punish” Russia.

Above all (most importantly), Mr. Jaishankar hailed (praise, applaud, acclaim, extol) what he called the “New India” under Mr. Modi, spelling out (explain, make clear, elucidate/clarify) five pledges (promise, undertaking, vow, word, commitment, assurance, oath, agreement, guarantee) made at the 75th Independence day anniversary, which includes making India a developed nation by 2047. He added that India is ready to take on (undertake, accept, adapt, shoulder, embrace (a responsibility/task)) enhanced (intensified, increased) responsibility at the global body, and called for a reformed UN with an expanded Security Council, as a means at righting (put right, correct, fix, solve, sort out, rectify) the “injustice (lack of justice, unfairness, misdeed, unjust/unfair act)” done to the global south (the poor developing countries (of Asia, Africa, South America, amongst others)). The year ahead, where India will host (arrange, organize, present) the G-20 summit (meeting, conference, conclave (of Heads of State)), will, no doubt (undoubtedly, doubtlessly, without doubt), test the will (will power, determination, firmness of purpose, resolve, commitment) and the ability of the Modi government to play the role of global uniter, and what Mr. Jaishankar called a “bridge” between nations polarised by bitter (angry, spiteful, vicious, savage, hostile, ferocious, hate-filled, venomous, poisonous, ill-natured; resentful, aggrieved, dissatisfied, disgruntled, discontented) divides (disagreement, difference). It is a goal which will only be achievable if New Delhi is able to play a similarly uniting role in its own neighbourhood ((surrounding) area, region, district/country), and bring polarising and divisive forces within India under control.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.polarised (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - ध्रुवीकरण, दो विरोधी में विभाजित
English Meaning - separated into opposing two.

2.divisive (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - बांटनेवाला, विभाजक
English Meaning - relating to something that causes arguments/hostilities between people; disharmonious, discordant, alienating, estranging.

3.force (noun)

Hindi Meaning - ताकत, समूह
English Meaning - group.

4.United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (noun)

Hindi Meaning - संयुक्त राष्ट्र महासभा
English Meaning - it is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, serving as the main deliberative, policy-making, and representative organ of the UN. Its powers, composition, functions, and procedures are set out in Chapter IV of the United Nations Charter.

5.emphasis (noun)

Hindi Meaning - ज़ोर, महत्त्व
English Meaning - importance, significance; priority, insistence.

6.shock (noun)

Hindi Meaning - झटका, धक्का
English Meaning - disturbance causing volatility/uncertainty in an economy.

7.arise from (verb)

Hindi Meaning - से उत्पन्न
English Meaning - originate from, derive from, stem from, come from.

8.pandemic (noun)

Hindi Meaning - महामारी
English Meaning - the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.

9.climate change (noun)

Hindi Meaning - जलवायु परिवर्तन
English Meaning - a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth.

10.contrast (noun)

Hindi Meaning - अंतर, भिन्नता
English Meaning - difference, dissimilarity, divergence, variance, variation.

11.pejorative (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - अपमानजनक, अस्वीकृत करना
English Meaning - disapproving, insulting, disparaging.

12.Line of Actual Control (LAC) (noun)

Hindi Meaning - वास्तविक नियंत्रण रेखा
English Meaning - the de-facto (effective) border between India and China. The LAC is a 4,057-km border running through three areas-Western (Ladakh, Ladakh (Kashmir)), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal) and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal).

13.politicise (verb)

Hindi Meaning - राज-नीति के बारे में कहना, राजनीतिक रंग देना
English Meaning - to make something into a political issue.

14.UN Security Council (UNSC) (noun)

Hindi Meaning - संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद
English Meaning - it is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with ensuring international peace and security.

15.designation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - पद, वर्गीकरण, पहचान
English Meaning - classification, identification, classing, labelling, tagging.

16.comment (noun)

English Meaning - opinion, view, statement, remark.

17.watch (verb)

English Meaning - pay attention to, pay heed to, take note of.

18.laud (verb)

English Meaning - acclaim, admire, commend, praise, extol.

19.expand on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - develop, enhance, build on.

20.theme (noun)

English Meaning - subject matter, subject, message, point.

21.seem (verb)

English Meaning - appear, look.

22.condone (verb)

English Meaning - approve, sanction, justify, vindicate, endorse.

23.charter (noun)

English Meaning - constitution, canon, body of law, system of rules.

24.dialogue (noun)

English Meaning - discussion, talk, conversation, consultation, deliberation.

25.diplomacy (noun)

English Meaning - international politics, foreign affairs, foreign policy; negotiations, discussions, talks, dialogue (related to international politics).

26.grapple with (verb)

English Meaning - stand firm against, stand up to, withstand, face, confront.

27.escalate (verb)

English Meaning - increase/rise rapidly, soar, surge, skyrocket.

28.even-handed (adjective)

English Meaning - impartial, equitable, unbiased, fair, reasonable.

29.stakeholder (noun)

English Meaning - a person with an interest in something.

30.conflict (noun)

English Meaning - war, armed conflict, battle, fighting.

31.sanctions (noun)

English Meaning - action taken, or an order given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc.

32.exacerbate (verb)

English Meaning - increase, raise, aggravate.

33.fragmentation (noun)

English Meaning - breaking, separation, splintering, disunion, disintegration.

34.Inflationary (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to inflation; causing inflation.

35.prognosis (noun)

English Meaning - forecast, prediction, projection.

36.bleaker comparative adjective of bleak (adjective)

English Meaning - unpromising, unfavourable, disadvantageous.

37.given (preposition)

English Meaning - considering, taking into account, bearing in mind.

38.bring an end to (phrase)

English Meaning - to stop, finish, or complete something.

39.weaponry (noun)

English Meaning - weapons of war, artillery, firearms, guns, armaments.

40.above all (phrase)

English Meaning - most importantly.

41.hail (verb)

English Meaning - praise, applaud, acclaim, extol.

42.spell out (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - explain, make clear, elucidate/clarify.

43.pledge (noun)

English Meaning - promise, undertaking, vow, word, commitment, assurance, oath, agreement, guarantee.

44.take on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - undertake, accept, adapt, shoulder, embrace (a responsibility/task).

45.enhanced (adjective)

English Meaning - intensified, increased.

46.call for (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - require, need, necessitate, make necessary, demand, publicly ask for.

47.means (noun)

English Meaning - ways/methods.

48.right (verb)

English Meaning - put right, correct, fix, solve, sort out, rectify.

49.injustice (noun)

English Meaning - lack of justice, unfairness, misdeed, unjust/unfair act.

50.The Global South (noun)

English Meaning - the poor developing countries (of Asia, Africa, South America, amongst others).

51.The Global North (noun)

English Meaning - the economically developed countries (of Europe, North America, Australia, amongst others).

52.host (verb)

English Meaning - arrange, organize, present.

53.G-20 (noun)

English Meaning - The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population.

54.summit (noun)

English Meaning - meeting, conference, conclave (of Heads of State).

55.no doubt (phrase)

English Meaning - undoubtedly, doubtlessly, without doubt.

56.will (noun)

English Meaning - will power, determination, firmness of purpose, resolve, commitment.

57.play a part/role (phrase)

English Meaning - contribute to, be instrumental in, be a factor in.

58.bitter (adjective)

English Meaning - angry, spiteful, vicious, savage, hostile, ferocious, hate-filled, venomous, poisonous, ill-natured; resentful, aggrieved, dissatisfied, disgruntled, discontented.

59.divide (noun)

English Meaning - disagreement, difference.

60.neighbourhood (noun)

English Meaning - (surrounding) area, region, district/country.

61.bring under control (phrase)

English Meaning - master, control, overpower, gain control over.

62.bridege (noun)

English Meaning - link.

63.stark (adjective)

English Meaning - clear, distinct, evident, obvious, striking.