Hindi English Translation || Editorial || Optimising the fall: On improving vaccination and treatment

Optimising the fall: On improving vaccination and treatment

Despite falling (गिरावट, कमी) COVID-19 cases, India must focus on improving vaccination (टीकाकरण) and treatment

There is reason for optimism (आशावादी होना, अनुकूलन) in India’s battle against the COVID-19 pandemic (वैश्विक महामारी). Daily new coronavirus (a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure, and even death.) cases have dipped (डुबोना, घटना, गिरना) to a nine-month low. There were 10,929 new cases reported in the previous 24 hours on Saturday morning. Though the latest numbers on Monday show a slight rise at 11,451, the key cause for optimism is that the country’s active case load (the number of cases to be handled by a doctor at one time) stood at 1,46,950 cases which was a 262-day low, according to the Health Ministry. The active cases were 0.43% of the total caseload and the lowest since the pandemic began in March 2020. The last few times daily cases went below 10,000 were on February 8, February 1, and before that on the January 25. Saturday’s numbers bring the country’s overall tally (गिनती करना, कुल संख्या) to 3.37 crore. Optimism however is a double-edged sword ((used with a figurative meaning to explain) something which is having both good and bad outcomes). The numbers may be at February levels but it should not be forgotten that India was hit (आघात करना, नष्ट करना) by a lethal (घातक, जानलेवा, नाशकारी) second wave — led by a dominating Delta variant — that saw daily cases climb (चढ़ाना, बढ़ना) to as many as 4,00,000 a day and excess deaths in several States many multiples of what was being reported by the Government.

Globally too, infections have not plateaued (reach a level/stage (of little or no growth or decline)). The daily caseload has fallen (decrease, decline, reduce, lessen) by nearly a third since September but the virus continues to infect 50 million people every three months. On Monday, the world crossed a milestone (critical point, significant stage, turning point) of 25 crore cases since the pandemic began. However, the major difference between February and November is vaccination. About 74 crore first doses (खुराक, मात्रा) of the vaccine (a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease) have been administered (प्रशासन करना, बांटना, प्रदान करना), which translates (अनुवाद करना, व्याख्या करना, प्रस्तुत करना) to 56% of the population. Close to 34 crore second doses have been administered which works out to a quarter of the population being fully inoculated. Coupled with results from serology surveys from States that show that many more have been exposed to the virus than official numbers indicate, this gives confidence that while the virus will continue to spread and infect, a smaller proportion (अनुपात, भाग) of those infected will be seriously ill. The future demand for vaccination may depend more on adoption in children, or on the demand for booster shots from people worried about waning (कम होना, घटाव) immunity. That the pall of fear has dimmed is apparent in the queues in airports, the crowds in tourist destinations and the rejuvenation in several indices of trade and economic activity. Whether all this socialisation — and the opening of schools in-person — will mean a surge in the coming months remains to be seen. The Government, while continuing to improve the last mile delivery of vaccines must not let up on advocating caution to avoid another wave of infections. It must continue to facilitate the upgrade of hospital infrastructure in every district; it should also shore up stocks of promising antivirals and ensure that vaccine companies increase supplies in line with their commitments.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.optimise (verb)

Hindi Meaning - आशावादी होना, अनुकूलन
English Meaning - make the most effective use of something.

2.fall (noun)

Hindi Meaning - गिरावट, कमी
English Meaning - decrease, decline, reduction.

3.vaccination (noun)

Hindi Meaning - टीकाकरण
English Meaning - treatment with a vaccine to protect against a particular disease; immunization.

4.optimism (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आशावाद, आत्मविश्वास, सकारात्मक
English Meaning - hopefulness, hope, confidence, positive attitude, buoyancy.

5.pandemic (noun)

Hindi Meaning - वैश्विक महामारी
English Meaning - the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.

6.dip (verb)

Hindi Meaning - डुबोना, घटना, गिरना
English Meaning - decrease, fall/drop, slump.

7.tally (noun)

Hindi Meaning - गिनती करना, कुल संख्या
English Meaning - total, count.

8.hit (verb)

Hindi Meaning - आघात करना, नष्ट करना
English Meaning - affect badly.

9.lethal (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - घातक, जानलेवा, नाशकारी
English Meaning - destructive, harmful, fatal, deadly, life-threatening.

10.climb (verb)

Hindi Meaning - चढ़ाना, बढ़ना
English Meaning - increase, rise, go up.

11.dose (noun)

Hindi Meaning - खुराक, मात्रा
English Meaning - an amount/quantity of something (a medicine/drug) prescribed to be taken at a specific time.

12.administer (verb)

Hindi Meaning - प्रशासन करना, बांटना, प्रदान करना
English Meaning - dispense, provide, give, apply (a drug/vaccine).

13.translate (verb)

Hindi Meaning - अनुवाद करना, व्याख्या करना, प्रस्तुत करना
English Meaning - interpret, render, express.

14.proportion (noun)

Hindi Meaning - अनुपात, भाग
English Meaning - ratio.

15.wane (verb)

Hindi Meaning - कम होना, घटाव
English Meaning - decrease, decline, diminish/dwindle gradually.

16.case load (noun)

English Meaning - the number of cases to be handled by a doctor at one time.

17.stand at (verb)

English Meaning - be at a particular level.

18.coronavirus (CoV) (noun)

English Meaning - a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure, and even death.

19.a double-edged sword (phrase)

English Meaning - (used with a figurative meaning to explain) something which is having both good and bad outcomes.

20.delta variant/B.1.617.2 (noun)

English Meaning - Formally known as AY.2 or B.1.617.2, it’s a variant of the coronavirus, first identified in India, is renamed as the ‘Delta variant’ by the World Health Organization (WHO) and this variant is reclassified as Variant of Concern (VOC). The B.1.617.1 strain has been reclassified to a Variant of Interest (VOI) and labelled variant “Kappa”.

21.plateau (verb)

English Meaning - reach a level/stage (of little or no growth or decline).

22.fall (verb)

English Meaning - decrease, decline, reduce, lessen.

23.milestone (noun)

English Meaning - critical point, significant stage, turning point.

24.vaccine (noun)

English Meaning - a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.

25.work out (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - calculate, compute, reckon up, determine.

26.inoculate (verb)

English Meaning - to inject/introduce a vaccine into the body of someone to produce immunity to a particular disease; immunize, vaccinate.

27.(be) couple with (verb)

English Meaning - combine, integrate, connect, incorporate, link.

28.serology survey (noun)

English Meaning - A serological survey is conducted to assess the prevalence of a disease in a population. It is done by detecting the presence of specific antibodies that are produced against the virus.

29.serology (noun)

English Meaning - a method of diagnostic examination of blood serum concerning the immune system’s response to pathogens (the pathogen is something, like bacteria/virus, that causes disease). (serum is an amber (yellowish-orange), watery fluid, rich in proteins, obtained from blood…).

30.sero-survey (noun)

English Meaning - collection and testing of serum (or proxy such as oral fluid) specimens from a sample of a defined population over a specified period of time to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against a given specific infectious pathogen as an indicator of immunity.

31.expose (verb)

English Meaning - come into contact with (the disease causing virus).

32.booster shot/dose (noun)

English Meaning - In medical terms, a booster dose is an extra administration of a vaccine after an earlier dose.

33.shot (noun)

English Meaning - injection, inoculation (of a vaccine/drug).

34.immunity (noun)

English Meaning - the body’s defense against infections; protection, resistance.

35.pall (noun)

English Meaning - an unpleasant quality that seems to be in a place or situation; cloud, covering, cloak, layer of something.

36.dim (verb)

English Meaning - diminish, reduce, lessen, weaken.

37.apparent (adjective)

English Meaning - evident/clear, visible, noticeable, recognizable.

38.rejuvenation (noun)

English Meaning - restoration, revitalization, resurgence, revival.

39.indices plural of index (noun)

English Meaning - a data figure reflecting something compared with a standard or base value; pointer, indicator.

40.socialisation (noun)

English Meaning - the process of interaction through which the (growing) individual learns the habits, attitudes, values and beliefs of the social group.

41.in-person (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to an event where people physically present together.

42.surge (noun)

English Meaning - sudden increase or rise of something.

43.last mile (noun)

English Meaning - the last stage in the process.

44.let up on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - treat less severely, be more lenient with.

45.advocate (verb)

English Meaning - recommend, prescribe, advise, support, uphold, subscribe to, champion.

46.facilitate (verb)

English Meaning - make easy, enable, assist, help.

47.infrastructure (noun)

English Meaning - the basic physical or organizational structure for something (to function properly).

48.shore up (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - support, help, assist someone/something from ; bolster up, buttress, strengthen, fortify, reinforce, underpin something from decline.

49.in line with (phrase)

English Meaning - in alignment with, in accordance with, conforming to.