Hindi English Translation || Editorial || The big push: On Joe Biden’s social security and climate change plan

The big push: On Joe Biden’s social security and climate change plan

Biden will have to negotiate (बातचीत करना, मोल भाव करना, समझौता करना) to promote (बढ़ाव देना, आगे) his vision for social security and climate change

In what appears to be a rush to the finish line (the line at the end of a race; end point) but is in fact the intention (इरादा, उद्देश्य) to fulfil long-standing (दीर्घकालिक, लगातार) policy promises of the Democratic Party, U.S. President Joe Biden sought to push (धकेलना, प्रयास) through Congress (legislative assembly, parliament; The United States Congress is the bicameral (two chambers) legislature of the federal government of the United States, and consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate) an omnibus mega-bill seeking (माँगना, प्रयास, लक्ष्य) $1.85 trillion for social security (सामाजिक सुरक्षा, सार्वजनिक सहायता) and climate change (जलवायु परिवर्तन). While the initiative seemed to be thrust forward (आगे बढ़ाना, तेज़ करना) on a shorter timeline so that Mr. Biden could speak of (mention, talk about, discuss, refer to) his domestic agenda achievements at the G20 meeting in Rome and COP26 in Scotland, the once-in-a-generation bill (A Bill is a draft statute that becomes law after it is passed by both the Houses of Parliament and assented to by the President. All legislative proposals are brought before Parliament in the forms of Bills) speaks to issues such as providing universal (सार्वभौमिक, सभी लोगों से संबंधित) pre-kindergarten (the period before a child can attend kindergarten), extending an expanded tax credit (an amount of money that taxpayers can subtract from taxes owed to the government) for parents, further reducing health-care premiums for those covered under the Obama-era Affordable Care Act (किफायती देखभाल अधिनियम), reducing a waiting list for in-home ((of a service) given within a person’s home) care, building a million units of low-income housing, and worker training and higher education. To balance the implied (implicit, hinted, indirect) considerable (विचारणीय, महत्वपूर्ण, प्रशंसनीय) hike in federal (संघीय) public expenditure, the bill proposes to raise revenue via a 15% minimum tax on the reported profits of large corporations, clamping down on profit-shifting (लाभ-स्थानांतरण) by multinationals (बहुराष्ट्रीय), tighter enforcement (imposition, implementation, execution) for large corporations and ultra-high net worth individuals, a 1% tax on corporate tax buybacks ((share) repurchase, re-acquisition), an additional 5% tax on incomes exceeding $10 million a year and another 3% tax on incomes above $25 million, and policies to limit business losses for the very wealthy and a 3.8% Medicare tax (a tax on wages that U.S. employers are liable to withhold from employees’ paychecks to cover the costs of the Medicare program) on people earning more than $400,000 a year who did not previously pay that tax.

Although Democrats have 50 Senators in the Upper House of Congress and Vice-President Kamala Harris could cast (register, enter, file, post (a vote)) a tie breaking vote (deciding vote) should the need arise, the passage of this bill which will be remembered as a major component of Mr. Biden’s legacy (effect, footprint; something received from a predecessor or from the past), hangs on (depend on, be dependent on, hinge on, rest on, be based on, be conditional on) the razor’s edge (a critical/dangerous situation). This is in part because at least two Senators, from Arizona and West Virginia, are potential (possible, likely, prospective, probable) holdouts (an act of holding out (resisting) something). The conundrum (problem, difficulty, quandary/dilemma) that Mr. Biden is facing is a paradox of omnibus bills — different constituents (voter, elector, member of the electorate, member of a constituency) view only some parts of the bill as desirable. For example, House Democrats appear unwilling (reluctant, unenthusiastic, enforced, involuntary) to pass a version of the bill that the Senate (the upper house or chamber in some bicameral legislative systems. (for example in the US)) has already cleared, sanctioning (authorize, permit, allow, approve) a $1 trillion bipartisan (involving cooperation between two (opposite & big)political parties) infrastructure (the basic physical or organizational structure for something (to function properly)) package. Lawmakers such as Pramila Jayapal have opined (suggest, propose, put forward, express, state (an opinion); comment, remark, posit, moot) that the Congressional Progressive Caucus (it is composed of nearly 100 progressive members - 95 members of the U.S. House of Representatives and one U.S. Senator) would only support the broader vision of the Build Back Better Act (It provides funding, establishes programs, and otherwise modifies provisions relating to a broad array of areas, including education, labor, child care, health care, taxes, immigration, and the environment. (The bill is commonly referred to as the Build Back Better Act). It is a legislation plan proposed by U.S. President Joe Biden ahead of his inauguration), which includes the ambitious (formidable, challenging, demanding) climate change programme, federal paid leave for families, a substantial (considerable, significant, large) expansion of Medicare policy and two free years of community college. To succeed, Mr. Biden will have to negotiate with all stakeholders (a person with an interest in something) to find a compromise (agreement, understanding, deal, settlement) formula. At stake is the U.S.’s prospect (chance, probability, possibility) of climbing out of the recessionary economic trough (a point of low activity) it was pushed into by the pandemic, not only by directly spurring (stimulate, encourage, prompt, galvanize) commercial activity through public expenditure but also by investing in education and social security to keep America’s workforce (workers, employees) competitive.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.push (noun)

Hindi Meaning - धकेलना, प्रयास
English Meaning - effort, initiative, drive.

2.social security (noun)

Hindi Meaning - सामाजिक सुरक्षा, सार्वजनिक सहायता
English Meaning - public assistance.

3.climate change (noun)

Hindi Meaning - जलवायु परिवर्तन
English Meaning - a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth (Courtesy: NASA).

4.negotiate (verb)

Hindi Meaning - बातचीत करना, मोल भाव करना, समझौता करना
English Meaning - discuss terms, hold talks, discuss a settlement, talk, try to reach a compromise.

5.promote (verb)

Hindi Meaning - बढ़ाव देना, आगे
English Meaning - further, advance, forward.

6.intention (noun)

Hindi Meaning - इरादा, उद्देश्य
English Meaning - aim, purpose, objective.

7.long-standing (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - दीर्घकालिक, लगातार
English Meaning - persistent, continuing (for a long time).

8.seek (verb)

Hindi Meaning - माँगना, प्रयास, लक्ष्य
English Meaning - try, aim, attempt.

9.thrust forward (phrasal verb)

Hindi Meaning - आगे बढ़ाना, तेज़ करना
English Meaning - push forward, accelerate, expedite, hasten, advance.

10.universal (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - सार्वभौमिक, सभी लोगों से संबंधित
English Meaning - relating to all people, applicable to all; comprehensive, all-inclusive, all-round, across the board.

11.Affordable Care Act (ACA) (noun)

Hindi Meaning - किफायती देखभाल अधिनियम
English Meaning - formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) (better known as “Obamacare”); it is the landmark health reform legislation passed by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in March 2010.

12.considerable (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - विचारणीय, महत्वपूर्ण, प्रशंसनीय
English Meaning - substantial, appreciable, significant.

13.federal (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - संघीय
English Meaning - relating to a system of government in which establishments such as states or provinces share power with a national government.

14.profit-shifting (noun)

Hindi Meaning - लाभ-स्थानांतरण
English Meaning - a technique used by multinational corporations to pay less tax than they should that involves a multinational corporation moving the profit it makes in the country where it manufactures products or sells good and services into to a tax haven.

15.multinational (noun)

Hindi Meaning - बहुराष्ट्रीय
English Meaning - a business organization whose activities are located in more than two countries.

16.push through (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to make a plan to put something into use as quickly as possible.

17.Congress (noun)

English Meaning - legislative assembly, parliament; The United States Congress is the bicameral (two chambers) legislature of the federal government of the United States, and consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate.

18.omnibus (noun/adjective)

English Meaning - the Latin word literally meaning “for all”; consisting of several parts/items.

19.Bill (noun)

English Meaning - A Bill is a draft statute that becomes law after it is passed by both the Houses of Parliament and assented to by the President. All legislative proposals are brought before Parliament in the forms of Bills.

20.rush (noun)

English Meaning - a sudden movement; hurry, haste, run.

21.finish line (noun)

English Meaning - the line at the end of a race; end point.

22.timeline (noun)

English Meaning - schedule, deadline.

23.speak of (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - mention, talk about, discuss, refer to.

24.G-20 (noun)

English Meaning - The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population.

25.26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) (noun)

English Meaning - The 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP26) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is expected to take place from 01-12 November 2021, in Glasgow, UK. The COP26 summit will bring parties together to accelerate action towards the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.

26.speak to (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to talk about/discuss something (a particular topic/subject) officially.

27.pre-kindergarten (noun)

English Meaning - the period before a child can attend kindergarten.

28.universal pre-kindergarten (noun)

English Meaning - “universal pre-k,” also known as “preschool for all,”.

29.tax credit (noun)

English Meaning - an amount of money that taxpayers can subtract from taxes owed to the government.

30.in-home (adjective)

English Meaning - (of a service) given within a person’s home.

31.implied (adjective)

English Meaning - implicit, hinted, indirect.

32.public expenditure/spending or government expenditure/spending (noun)

English Meaning - money spent by the government.

33.clamp down on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - prevent, stop, put an end to; keep under control.

34.tax haven (noun)

English Meaning - a country that imposes/charges/levies low tax rates on certain economic activities, especially to attract wealthy individuals and (foreign)businesses.

35.enforcement (noun)

English Meaning - imposition, implementation, execution.

36.ultra- (prefix)

English Meaning - very, extremely, exceedingly, excessively.

37.buyback (noun)

English Meaning - (share) repurchase, re-acquisition.

38.wealthy (adjective)

English Meaning - rich, affluent, moneyed, cash rich, well off, propertied.

39.Medicare tax (noun)

English Meaning - a tax on wages that U.S. employers are liable to withhold from employees’ paychecks to cover the costs of the Medicare program.

40.Senator (noun)

English Meaning - a member of the Senate (the upper house or chamber in some bicameral legislative systems. (for example in the US, Australia, Canada).

41.cast (verb)

English Meaning - register, enter, file, post (a vote).

42.tie breaking vote (noun)

English Meaning - deciding vote.

43.passage (noun)

English Meaning - enactment, passing, ratification, acceptance, approval, adoption, validation, endorsement.

44.component (noun)

English Meaning - part.

45.legacy (noun)

English Meaning - effect, footprint; something received from a predecessor or from the past.

46.hang on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - depend on, be dependent on, hinge on, rest on, be based on, be conditional on.

47.razor edge (noun)

English Meaning - a critical/dangerous situation.

48.potential (adjective)

English Meaning - possible, likely, prospective, probable.

49.holdout (noun)

English Meaning - an act of holding out (resisting) something.

50.conundrum (noun)

English Meaning - problem, difficulty, quandary/dilemma.

51.paradox (noun)

English Meaning - contradiction, mystery, conundrum, anomaly.

52.constituent (noun)

English Meaning - voter, elector, member of the electorate, member of a constituency.

53.unwilling (adjective)

English Meaning - reluctant, unenthusiastic, enforced, involuntary.

54.Senate (noun)

English Meaning - the upper house or chamber in some bicameral legislative systems. (for example in the US).

55.sanction (verb)

English Meaning - authorize, permit, allow, approve.

56.bipartisan (adjective)

English Meaning - involving cooperation between two (opposite & big)political parties.

57.infrastructure (noun)

English Meaning - the basic physical or organizational structure for something (to function properly).

58.opine (verb)

English Meaning - suggest, propose, put forward, express, state (an opinion); comment, remark, posit, moot.

59.Congressional Progressive Caucus (noun)

English Meaning - it is composed of nearly 100 progressive members - 95 members of the U.S. House of Representatives and one U.S. Senator.

60.caucus (noun)

English Meaning - a group of people in a political party that meets independently to discuss strategy or tactics.

61.caucus (noun)

English Meaning - (in the US) a party-organized gathering of members to discuss their presidential preferences, elect local party leadership and discuss issues that make up the party’s platform. A closed meeting of supporters or members of a specific political party or movement. It is also defined as hours-long voting meeting run by a political party.

62.Build Back Better Act (noun)

English Meaning - It provides funding, establishes programs, and otherwise modifies provisions relating to a broad array of areas, including education, labor, child care, health care, taxes, immigration, and the environment. (The bill is commonly referred to as the Build Back Better Act). It is a legislation plan proposed by U.S. President Joe Biden ahead of his inauguration.

63.substantial (adjective)

English Meaning - considerable, significant, large.

64.succeed (verb)

English Meaning - achieve success, be successful.

65.stakeholder (noun)

English Meaning - a person with an interest in something.

66.compromise (noun)

English Meaning - agreement, understanding, deal, settlement.

67.at stake (phrase)

English Meaning - at issue, at risk; or in question.

68.prospect (noun)

English Meaning - chance, probability, possibility.

69.climb out (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - move out of a place (with difficulty or effort).

70.recessionary (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to a period of temporary economic downturn.

71.trough (noun)

English Meaning - a point of low activity.

72.pandemic (noun)

English Meaning - the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.

73.spur (verb)

English Meaning - stimulate, encourage, prompt, galvanize.

74.workforce (noun)

English Meaning - workers, employees.
 

75.ambitious (adjective)

English Meaning - formidable, challenging, demanding.