Hindi English Translation || Editorial || Wrong solution: On urban-rural divide and reservation

Wrong solution: On urban-rural divide and reservation

India must address (tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out) disparities (असमानता, असंतुलन, भिन्नता) between urban and rural areas, and not use reservation (आरक्षण) as a panacea (रामबाण, अचूक उपाय)

The issue of reserving private sector jobs for people domiciled (relating to the people who have permanent residents in a particular region) within the same State may face its first judicial test soon. The Supreme Court has asked the Punjab and Haryana High Court to decide within four weeks the validity of the Haryana law mandating (शासनादेश, निर्देश देना, आदेश देना) 75% reservation for local candidates in private sector jobs that pay up to ₹30,000 a month. Even though the apex court (सर्वोच्च न्यायालय) set aside (रद्द करना, उलटना) an interim (अंतरिम, अस्थायी, बीचवाला) stay order (रोक आदेश, स्थगन आदेश) granted by the High Court, it was only doing so because the stay (postpone, put off, delay, defer, put back, hold off, adjourn, suspend, stop (any judicial proceeding through the court or legal authorities in India, in order to secure the rights of a citizen)) was granted without assigning (ascribe, attribute; decide on, determine, specify, stipulate) reasons. It is a settled principle that legislation (कानून, विधान, अधिनियमों) cannot be stayed unless there is a preliminary finding (खोज, निष्कर्ष, निर्णय) that it is unconstitutional (असंवैधानिक, गैरकानूनी, गलत) or suffers from any glaring (स्पष्ट, दिखाई देने वाला) illegality (अवैधता, अभ्यास). There are quite a few issues that arise when the State introduces a quota (in the employment context, it is a hiring system that gives preference to protected group members) in the private sector, especially if it is based on a domicile (the country in which a person is said to have his permanent residence; a person’s (permanent) residence) norm (आदर्श, मानक, सम्मेलन). Andhra Pradesh and Jharkhand have also introduced such laws, while the ruling DMK in Tamil Nadu had promised 75% reservation in its election manifesto ((policy) statement, declaration, pronouncement) for last year’s Assembly polls. Given (considering, taking into consideration, taking into account, in view of, bearing in mind) the bleak employment situation in the backdrop (situation, scenario, context) of the reported loss of millions of jobs during the pandemic (the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area), it is no surprise that (as expected, as anticipated) the leadership (government, authority) in every State seeks (try, aim, attempt) to find employment opportunities for its youth. In some States, employers may find it cheaper to use the services of those from a faraway (remote, far off, distant) State, while in others there may be an acute (severe, intense, serious, critical, drastic) shortage of labour within the local population.

The first hurdle that a law such as the Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act will face is the constitutional (legal, lawful, legitimate; relating to the constitution) bar (barrier, obstacle, impediment, hindrance) on discrimination (prejudice, intolerance, inequity, unfairness (against an individual or group of individuals by society and its institutions (basically in the procedures, policies or objectives) as a whole) on the basis of place of birth or residence. Even though the Constitution allows the Government to prescribe a residential criterion for employment to public posts, it is doubtful whether such a measure (action, step, procedure) can be extended to the private sector. In the Haryana case, it covers companies, societies, trusts, partnership firms (company, business, enterprise) and individual (विभाजन, इसके विपरीत, अलगाव) employers. The industry may feel aggrieved (disgruntled, dissatisfied, unhappy, disappointed) that the residential requirement may adversely (unfavourably, disadvantageously, badly) affect the hiring of talent from outside Haryana. From an individual point of view (position, perspective, viewpoint, standpoint, angle), the law may impinge on (influence, have an effect on) the freedom of movement, the right to reside and settle in any part of the country, and the right to carry on (undertake, be involved in, take part in, participate in) any occupation. Of course, the Act provides ((of a law/an Act) enable, permit, allow (something to be done)) for exemption (special treatment, privilege, favouritism; immunity, exclusion, exception, indemnity, freedom) to any employer if an adequate number of local candidates are not available in terms of (with regard to, regarding, concerning, in respect of, with reference to, in the matter of, in connection with) skill, qualification and proficiency (skill, knowledge, competence). And there is a sunset clause (a measure within a statute, regulation or other law that provides that the law shall cease (stop) to have effect after a specific date, unless further legislative action is taken to extend the law): the Act will cease (bring to an end/halt/stop, conclude, terminate) to operate in 10 years. Beyond the question of legality (lawfulness, legitimacy, validity, rightness, permissibility, constitutionality), what is flagged (indicate, identify, point out; draw attention to) by such developments (event, turn of events, occurrence, happening, circumstance, incident, phenomenon, situation, outcome) is the state (condition, situation, circumstances, state of affairs, position; predicament, plight) of the economy, especially the labour economy. Rapid (quick, fast, swift, speedy) urbanisation (a process of creating urban areas. It is a result of population migration from rural areas in addition to natural urban demographic growth) and the agrarian (relating to cultivating/farming) situation are behind large-scale migration (the movement of people within the borders of the same country or across international borders in order to find work or better living conditions) in search of employment. The real issue to address is the widespread (general, extensive, common, omnipresent, ubiquitous, prevalent, rife, rampant) disparities between urban and rural areas, between advanced (highly developed, sophisticated) States and backward (underdeveloped, undeveloped, unsophisticated) ones.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.divide (noun)

Hindi Meaning - विभाजन, इसके विपरीत, अलगाव
English Meaning - divergence, division, separation, difference, contrast, polarity.

2.reservation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आरक्षण
English Meaning - a system of affirmative action in India that provides historically disadvantaged groups representation in education, employment, and politics.

3.disparity (noun)

Hindi Meaning - असमानता, असंतुलन, भिन्नता
English Meaning - imbalance, inequality, incongruity, unevenness, disproportion, variation, divergence, difference.

4.panacea (noun)

Hindi Meaning - रामबाण, अचूक उपाय
English Meaning - perfect solution, remedy, answer, antidote.

5.mandate (verb)

Hindi Meaning - शासनादेश, निर्देश देना, आदेश देना
English Meaning - instruct, direct, order, require, make something mandatory.

6.apex court (noun)

Hindi Meaning - सर्वोच्च न्यायालय
English Meaning - a supreme court.

7.set aside (phrasal verb)

Hindi Meaning - रद्द करना, उलटना
English Meaning - overrule, overturn, reverse, revoke, rule against, nullify, annul, cancel, quash, dismiss, reject, repudiate, abrogate.

8.interim (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - अंतरिम, अस्थायी, बीचवाला
English Meaning - provisional, temporary, intervening, transitional.

9.stay order (noun)

Hindi Meaning - रोक आदेश, स्थगन आदेश
English Meaning - it is defined as the act of temporarily stopping or postponing any judicial proceeding through the court or legal authorities in India, in order to secure the rights of a citizen.

10.legislation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - कानून, विधान, अधिनियमों
English Meaning - body of laws, acts, rules, regulations, statutes.

11.finding (noun)

Hindi Meaning - खोज, निष्कर्ष, निर्णय
English Meaning - conclusion, decision, result, resolution, recommendation.

12.unconstitutional (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - असंवैधानिक, गैरकानूनी, गलत
English Meaning - illegitimate, unlawful, wrongful, forbidden, illicit, outlawed, prohibited; undemocratic, autocratic, dictatorial, totalitarian.

13.glaring (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - स्पष्ट, दिखाई देने वाला
English Meaning - obvious, visible, apparent, flagrant, blatant.

14.illegality (noun)

Hindi Meaning - अवैधता, अभ्यास
English Meaning - an illegal act/practice.

15.norm (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आदर्श, मानक, सम्मेलन
English Meaning - standard, convention, regulation; basis, model.

16.domiciled (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the people who have permanent residents in a particular region.

17.address (verb)

English Meaning - tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out.

18.assign (adjective)

English Meaning - ascribe, attribute; decide on, determine, specify, stipulate.

19.settled (verb)

English Meaning - determined, established.

20.stay (verb)

English Meaning - postpone, put off, delay, defer, put back, hold off, adjourn, suspend, stop (any judicial proceeding through the court or legal authorities in India, in order to secure the rights of a citizen).

21.quota (noun)

English Meaning - in the employment context, it is a hiring system that gives preference to protected group members.

22.domicile (noun as modifier)

English Meaning - the country in which a person is said to have his permanent residence; a person’s (permanent) residence.

23.manifesto (noun)

English Meaning - (policy) statement, declaration, pronouncement.

24.given (preposition)

English Meaning - considering, taking into consideration, taking into account, in view of, bearing in mind.

25.bleak (adjective)

English Meaning - unpromising, unfavourable, disadvantageous.

26.backdrop (noun)

English Meaning - situation, scenario, context.

27.pandemic (noun)

English Meaning - the worldwide spread of a new disease; The illness spreads around the world and typically affects a large number of people across a wide area.

28.it is no surprise that (phrase)

English Meaning - as expected, as anticipated.

29.leadership (noun)

English Meaning - government, authority.

30.seek (verb)

English Meaning - try, aim, attempt.

31.faraway (adjective)

English Meaning - remote, far off, distant.

32.acute (adjective)

English Meaning - severe, intense, serious, critical, drastic.

33.hurdle (verb)

English Meaning - obstacle, barrier, impediment, obstruction, hindrance.

34.Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act of 2020 (noun)

English Meaning - The Haryana state assembly passed the Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Bill, 2020 in November 2020. The Bill seeks to reserve 75% of new jobs for local candidates in various companies, societies, trusts, and limited liability partnership firms situated in the state of Haryana. This seeks to ensure that 75% of all jobs with gross monthly salaries of up to ₹50,000 are provided to the State’s own residents.

35.constitutional (adjective)

English Meaning - legal, lawful, legitimate; relating to the constitution.

36.bar (noun)

English Meaning - barrier, obstacle, impediment, hindrance.

37.discrimination (noun)

English Meaning - prejudice, intolerance, inequity, unfairness (against an individual or group of individuals by society and its institutions (basically in the procedures, policies or objectives) as a whole.

38.prescribe (verb)

English Meaning - stipulate, lay down, specify, impose, set down, determine, pronounce.

39.criterion (noun)

English Meaning - basis, standard, norm, specification (criteria is the plural form of criterion).

40.measure (noun)

English Meaning - action, step, procedure.

41.firm (noun)

English Meaning - company, business, enterprise.

42.aggrieved (adjective)

English Meaning - disgruntled, dissatisfied, unhappy, disappointed.

43.adversely (adverb)

English Meaning - unfavourably, disadvantageously, badly.

44.point of view (noun)

English Meaning - position, perspective, viewpoint, standpoint, angle.

45.impinge on (verb)

English Meaning - influence, have an effect on.

46.carry on (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - undertake, be involved in, take part in, participate in.

47.provide (for) (verb)

English Meaning - (of a law/an Act) enable, permit, allow (something to be done).

48.exemption (noun)

English Meaning - special treatment, privilege, favouritism; immunity, exclusion, exception, indemnity, freedom.

49.in terms of (phrase)

English Meaning - with regard to, regarding, concerning, in respect of, with reference to, in the matter of, in connection with.

50.proficiency (noun)

English Meaning - skill, knowledge, competence.

51.sunset clause/provision (noun)

English Meaning - a measure within a statute, regulation or other law that provides that the law shall cease (stop) to have effect after a specific date, unless further legislative action is taken to extend the law.

52.clause (noun)

English Meaning - stipulation, condition, specification, requirement, provision

53.cease (verb)

English Meaning - bring to an end/halt/stop, conclude, terminate.

54.legality (noun)

English Meaning - lawfulness, legitimacy, validity, rightness, permissibility, constitutionality.

55.flag (verb)

English Meaning - indicate, identify, point out; draw attention to.

56.development (noun)

English Meaning - event, turn of events, occurrence, happening, circumstance, incident, phenomenon, situation, outcome.

57.state (noun)

English Meaning - condition, situation, circumstances, state of affairs, position; predicament, plight.

58.rapid (adjective)

English Meaning - quick, fast, swift, speedy.

59.urbanisation (noun)

English Meaning - a process of creating urban areas. It is a result of population migration from rural areas in addition to natural urban demographic growth.

60.agrarian (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to cultivating/farming.

61.migration (noun)

English Meaning - the movement of people within the borders of the same country or across international borders in order to find work or better living conditions.

62.in search of (phrase)

English Meaning - searching for, seeking, looking for, in quest of, in pursuit of.

63.widespread (adjective)

English Meaning - general, extensive, common, omnipresent, ubiquitous, prevalent, rife, rampant.

64.advanced (adjective)

English Meaning - highly developed, sophisticated.

65.backward (adjective)

English Meaning - underdeveloped, undeveloped, unsophisticated.