RAGA Test - 4

The correct answer is Kamaljeet Sandhu.

Key Points

• Kamaljeet Sandhu was the first Indian woman to win a gold medal at the Asian Games.
• She achieved this historic feat at the 1970 Asian Games held in Bangkok, Thailand.
• She won the gold medal in the 400 meters race.
• Her victory marked a significant milestone in Indian athletics, inspiring many future generations of athletes.

Additional Information

• Asian Games
  • The Asian Games, also known as Asiad, is a continental multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia.
  • The Games are regulated by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) under the supervision of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
  • The first Asian Games were held in New Delhi, India, in 1951.
  • The event includes a wide range of sports, from traditional Olympic sports to regional sports popular in Asia.
• Achievements of Indian Women in Athletics
  • Indian women have been making significant strides in athletics, with several notable achievements over the years.
  • P.T. Usha, often referred to as the "Queen of Indian Track and Field," has won multiple medals in Asian Games and other international events.
  • Shiny Abraham is another prominent Indian athlete who has represented India in four consecutive Olympics from 1984 to 1996.
  • Sunita Rani won the bronze medal in the 1500 meters race at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea.
• Impact of Kamaljeet Sandhu's Achievement
  • Kamaljeet Sandhu’s gold medal victory at the 1970 Asian Games was a landmark moment for Indian athletics, especially for women.
  • It paved the way for future generations of female athletes to pursue sports and compete at international levels.
  • Her success story has been an inspiration for many young athletes in India.
  • Her achievement also highlighted the potential of Indian athletes on the international stage.

The correct answer is Back to the Vedas.

Key Points

• Back to the Vedas slogan was given by the Swami Dayanand.
• Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand at Bombay in 1875 and its headquarters were established at Lahore in 1877.
• It emphasized on the infallibility of Vedas while rejecting later Hindu texts.
• The Arya Samajists simplified some of the orthodox practices like rituals related to marriage and death.
• Dayanand Saraswati laid down the rules and regulations for the Arya Samajists to follow.
• They condemned polytheism ie belief in multiple gods, religious superstitions and supermacy of Brahmanas.
• Arya Samaj started a Shuddhi Movement under Swami Shraddhanand in 1920's, which aimed at reconverting all those Hindus who have adopted Islam or Christianity.

• The movement produced eminent leaders such as Lala Hansraj, Pandit Guru Dutt and Lala Lajpat Rai.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Pratyasa Ray

In News

• Pratyasa Ray, an Odisha swimmer, has been selected for the prestigious Ekalabya Puraskar for 2024.

Key Points

• Ray won six medals— four gold, one silver, and one bronze— at the Khelo India University Games in Guwahati in February 2024.
• The award includes a cash prize of ₹7 lakh, an increase from ₹5 lakh, along with a citation to be awarded at a ceremony.
• Sprinter Dondapati Mrutyam Jayaram and badminton player Tanvi Patri will also be felicitated with ₹1.5 lakh each and citations for their achievements.
• The Ekalabya Puraskar, established in 1993 by IMPaCT and managed by IMFA, is Odisha’s most prestigious sports award.
• The award recognizes young sportspersons of Odisha for their outstanding performances over the past two years.

The correct answer is Sudha Murty.

Key Points

• Sudha Murty authored the book "Gopi Diaries: Coming Home," which is a series about a dog named Gopi.
• This book, written from the perspective of Gopi, explores the themes of love, family, and the bond between a pet and its owners, showcasing Sudha Murty's storytelling prowess.
• Sudha Murty is known for her significant contribution to children's literature and fiction in India, and "Gopi Diaries: Coming Home" is particularly appreciated for its warm narrative style.
• Through "Gopi Diaries: Coming Home," Sudha Murty provides insights into the mind of a dog, bringing out emotions and scenarios that many pet owners can resonate with.

Additional Information

• Arundhati Roy is an Indian author best known for her novel "The God of Small Things," which won the Man Booker Prize for Fiction in 1997. She is noted for her activism and detailed narratives addressing social issues.
• Chetan Bhagat is a contemporary Indian author who writes in English. Known for his novels targeting the urban middle class, Bhagat's books like "Five Point Someone" and "2 States" have been majorly successful and adapted into films.
• Amish Tripathi is known for mythological fiction. His books, particularly the Shiva Trilogy, are based on Hindu mythology interspersed with historical settings and moral philosophical dilemmas, making them appealing to a wide range of readers.

The correct answer is ROM.

Key Points

• ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a non-volatile type of computer memory, meaning its contents remain intact even when the power is turned off.
• It is used to store firmware or permanent data required for the basic operations of the computer.
• Data written on ROM is programmed during manufacturing and cannot be modified under normal circumstances.
• Examples of ROM usage include BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) in computers and firmware in embedded systems.

Additional Information

• RAM (Random Access Memory): RAM is a volatile memory that loses its contents when the power is turned off. It is used for temporary storage and fast access by the CPU.
• BIOS: The Basic Input/Output System, stored in ROM, is essential for booting up the computer and initializing hardware components.
• Non-Volatile Memory: This refers to memory types that retain stored data even when not powered, such as ROM, flash memory, and EEPROM.
• EEPROM: A variation of ROM, it allows data to be electrically erased and reprogrammed, often used in embedded systems.
• Difference Between RAM and ROM: While RAM is used for temporary and fast data storage, ROM stores permanent instructions critical for system boot-up and operation.

The correct answer is  option 1.

Key Points

• The adjournment of the House is decided by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha or the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha and does not require the involvement of the President. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Adjournment sine die is declared by the Speaker or Chairman, but the House can be reconvened without presidential intervention. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and cannot be dissolved, with one-third of its members retiring every two years. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

The correct answer is β cells of Islets of Langerhans.

Key Points

• Insulin hormone is secreted by β cells of Islets of Langerhans.
  • ​The pancreas secretes insulin to keep the level of sugar under control.
  • The islets of Langerhans are a cluster of cells within the pancreas, that is responsible for the production and release of hormones that regulate glucose levels.
  • The pancreas is a compound (both exocrine and endocrine) elongated organ situated between the limbs of the ‘C’ shaped duodenum.
  • 99% part of the pancreas is exocrine while only 1% part is endocrine
• There are five types of cells in the islets of Langerhans:
  • Beta cells secrete insulin
  • Alpha cells secrete glucagon
  • PP cells (also called F cells) secrete pancreatic polypeptide
  • Delta cells secrete somatostatin
  • Epsilon cells secrete ghrelin

Additional Information

• The role of insulin is to lower glucose levels in the bloodstream and promote the storage of glucose in fat, muscle, liver, and other body tissues.
  • Insulin is released into the bloodstream to lower down blood sugar levels and prevent hyperglycemia.

Given:

u : v = 4 : 7 and v : w = 9 : 7

Concept Used: In this type of question, number can be calculated by using the below formulae

Calculation:

u : v = 4 : 7 and v : w = 9 : 7

To make ratio v equal in both cases

We have to multiply the 1st ratio by 9 and 2nd ratio by 7

u : v = 9 × 4 : 9 × 7 = 36 : 63 ----(i)

v : w = 9 × 7 : 7 × 7 = 63 : 49 ----(ii)

Form (i) and (ii), we can see that the ratio v is equal in both cases

So, Equating the ratios we get,

u ∶ v ∶ w = 36 ∶ 63 ∶ 49

⇒ u ∶ w = 36 ∶ 49

When u = 72,

⇒ w = 49 × 72/36 = 98

∴ Value of w is 98

Given:

Average of 40 numbers = 71

Formula:

Average = Sum of all observations/Total number of all observations

Calculation:

Sum of 40 numbers = 40 × 71 = 2840

New sum of 40 numbers = 2840 – 100 + 140 = 2880

New average of 40 numbers = 2880/40 = 72

∴ The average increased = 72 – 71 = 1

Shortcut Trick

New average = Old average + (Change in number/Total numbers)

New average of 40 numbers = 71 + (140 – 100)/40 = 71 + 1 = 72

∴ The average increased = 72 – 71 = 1

Given:

HCF = 24

LCM = 168

Ratio of numbers = 1 ∶ 7.

Formula:

Product of numbers = LCM × HCF

Calculation:

Let numbers be x and 7x.

x × 7x = 24 × 168

⇒ x² = 24 × 24

⇒ x = 24

∴ Larger number = 7x = 24 × 7 = 168.