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India: Science and Technology Test 74

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India: Science and Technology Test 74
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
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    A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that leaves Earth's orbit and explores space. Which among the following was the first space probe to maintain orbit around another planet?
    Solution
    • In 1971, the Mariner 9 spacecraft became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet. While in orbit, Mariner 9 mapped 85 percent of the Martian surface, an objective it inherited from the failed Mariner 8 mission, and collected valuable information about Mars' surface and atmosphere.
    • The Mariner 9 mission resulted in a global mapping of the surface of Mars, including the first detailed views of the martian volcanoes, the polar caps, and the satellites Phobos and Deimos.

  • Question 2
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    China became the second country after France to construct solar highway. What is the use of a solar highway?
    Solution
    China became the second country after France to construct a solar highway. The photovoltaic highway can charge electric-powered vehicles. The highway is constructed using solar panels which have a thin sheet of transparent concrete on top of them, protecting the surface.
  • Question 3
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    In which city Royal Observatory Greenwich is situated?
    Solution
    The Royal Observatory Greenwich is an observatory situated on a hill in Greenwich Park, area of South East London, England.
  • Question 4
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    Constellations are a group of stars that form a particular shape in the sky. Each of them has been given a specific name. Which organisation is responsible for naming constellations?
    Solution
    • The International Astronomical Union (IAU) was founded in 1919. Its mission is to promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its aspects, including research, communication, education and development, through international cooperation. 
    • It is a worldwide society of professional astronomers and is considered the authority for assigning names to celestial objects, whether they are planets or moons or other types of worlds, as well as surface features on them. The IAU collaborates with various scientific organizations all over the world.
  • Question 5
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    In 2012, NASA's Kepler mission has discovered 11 new planetary systems hosting ______.
    Solution
    • Kepler is part of NASA's Discovery Program designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way to discover Earth-size exoplanets in or near habitable zones and estimate how many of the billions of stars in the Milky Way have such planets. 
    • The primary goal is to determine the frequency of Earth-size and larger planets in the HZ (Habitable Zone) of solar-like stars.

    • NASA's Kepler mission has discovered 11 new planetary systems hosting 26 confirmed planets. 

  • Question 6
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    LRO is a robotic spacecraft that is orbiting the moon. It is taking pictures and gathering information about the moon's surface. What does LRO stand for?
    Solution
    LRO is a NASA mission to the moon within the Lunar Precursor and Robotic Program (LPRP) in preparation for future manned missions to the moon and beyond (Mars). The objectives of LRO are to: 
    • Identify potential lunar resources
    • Gather detailed maps of the lunar surface
    • Collect data on the moon's radiation levels
    • Study the moons polar regions for resources that could be used in future manned missions or robotic sample return missions
    • Provide measurements to characterize future robotic explorers, human lunar landing sites and to derive measurements that can be used directly in support of future Lunar Human Exploration Systems.
  • Question 7
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    What is the name of the 2.8 Petaflops capacity high performance computer system launched by the Union minister of Earth Sciences?
    Solution
    • The Ministry of Earth Science (MoES) inaugurated the high performance computer system (HPC) or supercomputer 'Mihir' at National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), Noida.
    • This computer will provide facility for improving weather/climate forecasts.
  • Question 8
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    What does the NUSTAR a space-based X-ray telescope study?
    Solution
    • NuSTAR is a NASA-funded small explorer mission that carries the first focusing hard X-ray telescope to orbit. 
    • NuSTAR will carry out a two-year primary science mission that focuses on black holes. 
    • It will also offer opportunities for a broad range of science investigations, ranging from probing cosmic ray origins to studying the extreme physics around collapsed stars to mapping microflares on the surface of the sun. 
  • Question 9
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    Robonaut is a NASA robot designed to be humanoid, which means it is built to look like a person. Which of the following is the latest model of robonaut manufactured by NASA and General Motors?
    Solution
    • Researchers at NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC), in collaboration with General Motors and Oceaneering, have designed a state-of-the-art, highly dexterous, humanoid robot: Robonaut 2 (R2). 
    • R2 is made up of multiple component technologies and systems viz. vision systems, image recognition systems, sensor integrations, tendon hands, control algorithms, and much more. It is an advancement over Robonaut 1 and was sent to the International Space Station to help astronauts with various tasks.
  • Question 10
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    You must have noticed a lot of Bollywood and Hollywood actors riding this device on TV or social media. One needs body balance to walk on it but it's really easy to use. It is powered by rechargeable batteries. Look at the image and identify the device.

    Solution
    The PhunkeeDuck personal transportation device is the next era of transportation. It is a futuristic skateboard-Segway hybrid that allows users to wheel around at up to 18 kilometer per hour with little to no effort, making it the new go-to gadget among celebrities.
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