Heredity and Evolution Test

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 29

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

Which one of the following features represents a recessive character in Mendel's pea plants?

Round seed

Green pod colour

Red flower

Yellow pod colour

Solution

Mendel observed seven traits in pea plants that are easily recognized and apparently occur in one of the two forms.

Traits	Dominant	Recessive
Flower color	Purple	White
Flower position	Axial	Terminal
Stem length	Tall	Short
Seed shape	Round	Wrinkled
Seed color	Yellow	Green
Pod shape	Inflated	Constricted
Pod color	Green	Yellow

Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

Question 2
1 / -0

The evolutionary stages between the current organism and their ancestors are shown by ____________.

A
Fossils

B
Phylogenetic tree

C
Morphology

D
All of the above

Solution

A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram or "tree" showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities their phylogeny based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. All life on the Earth is part of a single phylogenetic tree, indicating common ancestry.
So, the correct answer is "Phylogenetic tree".
Question 3
1 / -0

Organisms with homologous structures likely

A
share a common environment

B
share common ancestry

C
share common behavior patterns

D
have increased genetic diversity

E
have decreased genetic diversity

Solution

Homologous organs are the organs that have the same basic structure but perform different functions. When the same basic organ becomes adapted by specialisation to different functions, evolution occurs and homologous organs are formed. Thus, homologous organs share a common ancestry.
So, the correct answer is 'share common ancestry'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following creates a selection pressure for or against a trait?

A
Environment

B
Genetic drift

C
Mutation

D
Evolution

Solution

Organisms live in the environment. Therefore, any change in the environment requires organisms to adapt themselves. Those that adapt, that is contain the favorable trait survive and reproduce while the those which do not perish. This is how environment creates a selection pressure for or against a trait.
Example: Biston betularia, before and after industrial revolution
Question 5
1 / -0

Formation of rudimentary eyes shows the evolution in an organism is

A
Primary stage of evolution

B
Intermediate stage of evolution

C
Final stage of evolution

D
None of the above

Solution

A new adaptive feature such as a new type of cell or a new metabolic pathway, a new embryological development that forms eyes, for example, arose due to permutation-combination, multiplication, deletion or metabolic modification of preexisting pathway for related or unrelated processes. Eventually, the light-sensitive spot evolved into a retina, the layer of cells and pigment at the back of the eye. Over time a lens formed at the front of the eye. ... The first animals with anything resembling an eye lived about 550 million years ago.
So, the correct answer is " Intermediate stage of evolution".
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following situations would lead to the evolution and formation of new species?

A
Changing climate

B
Cool climate

C
Warm climate

D
Stable climate

Solution

Changing climate is one of the environmental factors that would lead to evolution as a changing climate will result in stress on organisms to adapt themselves to the change, during which some may adapt and evolve into new species while other may become extinct.
So, the correct answer is 'Changing climate'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Genes are segments of:

A
Chromosome

B
DNA

C
mRNA

D
Nucleolus

Solution

Gene is the segment of DNA that carries genetic information. This information gets inherited from one generation to another.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which is not a vestigial organ in human body?

A
Tail-bone

B
Ear Muscle

C
Wisdom teeth

D
Nail

Solution

The vestigial organs are organs which were present in the functional form in the ancestors. They act as rudimentary structures in humans. The common vestigial organs in humans are ear muscle, tailbone, wisdom teeth, nictitating membrane, etc. The nail is made up of keratin protein which help in providing protection to the fingertip. This is not a vestigial organ.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

Primitive man was evolved in

A
Africa

B
America

C
Australia

D
India
Solution
- Africa is the region where the primitive man evolved. The fossils of the primitive man were found in the regions of Africa.
- There were ancestors of the modern man who lived in Africa, Europe and other regions of Asia.
- This includes the organisms of the Hominidae group.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

It is a commonly held misconception that the mother's egg is responsible for determining whether the baby will be a boy or a girl. But actually, it is the father's sperm, which decides this.
Which of the following makes the sperm the decisive factor?

A
More number of male gametes fuse with the female gamete during fertilization.

B
There are more number chromosomes in male gametes compared to female gametes.

C
Hormones are secreted only in the males which determine the sex of the baby.

D
A male gamete can have either of the two sex chromosomes (X or Y), while the female gamete has only one (X).

Solution

Sperm can have either of the two sex chromosomes, while the egg has only one sex chromosome. Sex in humans is determined genetically by the presence of a combination of a pair of sex chromosomes. In humans, 22 chromosome pairs are autosomes and the 23rd pair is the sex chromosome. In females, the sex chromosomes are XX and in males, it is XY. Thus, the gamete produced by females contains X while in males, 50% of gametes contain the X chromosome and 50% contain the Y chromosome. If the sperm containing the X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the child born is a female and if the sperm containing the Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the child born is a male.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Heredity and Evolution Test - 29

Result

Heredity and Evolution Test - 29

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Round seed

Green pod colour

Red flower

Yellow pod colour

Solution

Question 2

Fossils

Phylogenetic tree

Morphology

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

share a common environment

share common ancestry

share common behavior patterns

have increased genetic diversity

have decreased genetic diversity

Solution

Question 4

Environment

Genetic drift

Mutation

Evolution

Solution

Question 5

Primary stage of evolution

Intermediate stage of evolution

Final stage of evolution

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Changing climate

Cool climate

Warm climate

Stable climate

Solution

Question 7

Chromosome

DNA

mRNA

Nucleolus

Solution

Question 8

Tail-bone

Ear Muscle

Wisdom teeth

Nail

Solution

Question 9

Africa

America

Australia

India

Solution

Question 10

More number of male gametes fuse with the female gamete during fertilization.

There are more number chromosomes in male gametes compared to female gametes.

Hormones are secreted only in the males which determine the sex of the baby.

A male gamete can have either of the two sex chromosomes (X or Y), while the female gamete has only one (X).

Solution

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