Heredity and Evolution Test

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 38

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The recessive state for seed coat colour is

A
Green

B
Grey

C
Yellow

D
White
Solution
Mendel worked on pea plants and choose seven characteristics. Among these seven characters, seed coat color is a character.
- Seed coat color has two traits- dominant and recessive.
- The dominant trait is yellow color and the recessive trait is green color.
- So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following statement is true?

A
Mother determines the sex of the child.

B
Father inherits the character to the son only.

C
Father inherits the character to daughter only.

D
None of the above.
Solution
- Father determines the sex of the child as there are two types of sperms ( 23+XX and 23+XY) while all eggs are same (23+XX).
- Father inherits the character to both son and daughter as each offspring whether boy or girl receives half of their genome from mother and another half from father.
- So, the correct option is 'None of the above'.
Question 3
1 / -0

'Feather was used for insulation in cold weather but later, they become useful for flight'. This statement describes:

A
Genetic variation

B
Speciation

C
Evolution by stages

D
All of the above
Solution
- The evolutionary process has developed over millions of years.
- Lineages evolved and split and modifications occurred gradually in stages.
- The occurrence of different stages of evolution in a species is not because of a single DNA change.
- Evolution feathers are classic examples to understand the process of evolution by stages. The complex organs are created slowly over generations.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

With respect to the Darwin's theory of natural selection, which of the following is true for the organisms that are best suited to their environment?

A
Are most likely to evolve

B
Are most likely to survive and reproduce

C
Are most likely to live the longest

D
Are the fastest organisms

E
Have the same chance of survival as other organisms

Solution

The theory of natural selection provide reasons of evolution. Natural selection essentially states that the strong survives. The basic idea is that when the change occurs, those organisms best suited to the new circumstances will survive and reproduce. Those who are not ideally suited will not be able to compete. Charles Darwin proposed this principle after observing some population variations in birds. He noticed that animals within a species often had slightly varied traits and among them some traits were more suited to certain conditions. Darwin's theory was that, over time, the better-suited animals would survive and the others would die out completely. The resulting population would be entirely made up of those animals with the better trait. Over time, he reasoned that this could result in a species changing enough traits to eventually become a totally different creature.
So, the correct option is 'B'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Study the following and select the correct statements.

(I) $$F_1$$ progeny is the first hybrid generation and progeny resembled either of the parents.
(II) $$F_2$$ progeny is a resultant hybrid generation of cross-pollination among $$F_1$$ progeny and progeny showed both dwarf and tall plants.
(III)$$F_2$$ progeny is a hybrid generation, produced by selfing $$F_1$$ hybrids and progeny contained both dwarf and tall plants.
(IV) The proportion of probability of plants that dwarf was 1/4 that of the $$F_2$$ plants while 3/4th of the plants were tall.

A
I, II, III, IV

B
I, III, IV

C
I, II, IV

D
III, IV
Solution
$$F_1$$ is the first generation of hybrid. This is also known as the first filial generation. This generation resembles exactly one of the parental types.
The $$F_2$$ progeny is obtained by making self-pollination between the $$F_1$$ progeny.Two $$F_1 $$ progenies selected are self-pollinated and the $$F_2$$ progeny is obtained and it can't be cross-pollinated.
The correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

A group of laboratory mice having tails are bred together and their progeny is studied. The progeny had tails. However, scientist surgically removed the tails of the progeny and again bred them for four successive generations. What do you think would be the nature of the new progeny?

A
All mice born will have tails.

B
All mice born will have no tails.

C
The ratio of tail-less to tailed mice will be 1:3.

D
The ratio of tail less to tailed mice will be 1:4.

Solution

When parent mice with tail were bred the progeny obtained had tails. Thus, presence of tail is an inherited traits. When the tails of progeny were cut, no changes were made to the genotype and hence it becomes an acquired trait, which cannot affect the genotype or phenotype of the following generations. Hence, when the tail-less mice were interbred, all the mice of new progeny had tails.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Homologous organs are:

A
Tails of bird, monkey and scorpion

B
Stings of honey bee, scorpion and fangs of snake

C
Wings of butterfly, flying fish and bird

D
Paddle of whale, front legs of horse and arms of humans

Solution

A homologous structure is an organ, framework, or body part that shares a typical heritage in different creatures. For example, the arm of a human, the front legs of a horse, and the flipper/paddle of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures.
So, the correct option is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

Phenotype is influenced by

A
Environment

B
Development

C
Ageing

D
All the above

Solution

The observable morphological appearance of the organism is called Phenotype. It is determined by different combinations of alleles. The phenotype is influenced by the environment, development, and ageing.
So, the correct option is ‘All of the above’.
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
In tomatoes, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit (r) and tallness (T) is dominant over dwarfness (t). A plant that is RrTT is crossed with a plant that is rrTt. What are the chances of an offspring being heterozygous for both traits?

A
None

B
1/2

C
1/4

D
9/16

Solution

The resulting gametes from RrTT plant will be RT and rT and the gametes from rrTt plant will be rT and rt. Now, RrTT X rrTt plant will result in genotypes as shown. So, only one will be heterozygous for both traits and therefore the probability will be 1/4. So, the correct option is '1/4'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.

In a certain plant, yellow fruit colour (Y) is dominant to green fruit colour (y) and round shape (R) is dominant to oval shape (r). The two genes involved are located on different chromosomes.
Which of the following is correct for the condition when plant YyRr is back crossed with the double recessive parent?

A
9:3:3:1 Ratio of Phenotypes only

B
9 : 3: 3: 1 Ratio of Genotypes only

C
1: 1: 1: 1 Ratio of Phenotypes only

D
1: 1: 1: 1 Ratio of Phenotypes and Genotypes

Solution

When YyRr is crossed with double recessive parent then genotypic and phenotypic ratio is 1:1:1:1. Phenotypic ratio = 1 yellow round : 1 yellow oval : 1 green round : 1 green and oval. This represents a test cross.

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 38

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Heredity and Evolution Test - 38

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Question 1

Green

Grey

Yellow

White

Solution

Question 2

Mother determines the sex of the child.

Father inherits the character to the son only.

Father inherits the character to daughter only.

None of the above.

Solution

Question 3

Genetic variation

Speciation

Evolution by stages

All of the above

Solution

Question 4

Are most likely to evolve

Are most likely to survive and reproduce

Are most likely to live the longest

Are the fastest organisms

Have the same chance of survival as other organisms

Solution

Question 5

I, II, III, IV

I, III, IV

I, II, IV

III, IV

Solution

Question 6

All mice born will have tails.

All mice born will have no tails.

The ratio of tail-less to tailed mice will be 1:3.

The ratio of tail less to tailed mice will be 1:4.

Solution

Question 7

Tails of bird, monkey and scorpion

Stings of honey bee, scorpion and fangs of snake

Wings of butterfly, flying fish and bird

Paddle of whale, front legs of horse and arms of humans

Solution

Question 8

Environment

Development

Ageing

All the above

Solution

Question 9

None

1/2

1/4

9/16

Solution

Question 10

9:3:3:1 Ratio of Phenotypes only

9 : 3: 3: 1 Ratio of Genotypes only

1: 1: 1: 1 Ratio of Phenotypes only

1: 1: 1: 1 Ratio of Phenotypes and Genotypes

Solution

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