The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Test - 2

Absolutist literally mean a government or system of rule that has no restraints on the power exercised. In history, the term refers to a form of monarchical government that was centralised,militarised and repressive.

In 1848, Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic and social Republics’, as he called them.

In an utopian vision,Christ, saints and angels gaze upon the scene from the heavens above.They have been used by the artist to symbolise fraternity among the nations of the world.

In 1797 ,Napolean invaded Italy and also Napoleonic wars begin.

Today's Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.The Habsburg Empire that ruled over Austria-Hungary, for example, was a patchwork of many different regions and peoples.

France, which marked the first political experiment in liberal democracy, the right to vote and to get elected was granted exclusively to property-owning men.Men without property and all women were excluded from political rights.

Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars.
(i.e To restore the monarchies)

Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society – like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family should be preserved.

One of the major issues taken up by the liberal-nationalists, who criticised the new
conservative order, was freedom of the press.

Giuseppe Mazzini was born in Genoa in 1807, he became a member of the secret society of the Carbonari.He was the Italian revolutionary.