Minerals and Energy Resources Test - 10

Chhattisgarh accounts fro around 5.4 percent of the total limestone reserves in India.

Solar energy is the energy derived from sun’s heat and light. It is an important source of renewable energy. Direct Solar energy is used for Water heating, Distillation, Drying, solar thermal energy, solar architecture, molten salt power plants, artificial photosynthesis etc.

Damodar river valley is called the Ruhr of India because of its rich coal fields and electricity generation capacities.

Minerals are found in layers or strata in sedimentary rocks. Minerals are accumulated in horizontal strata after being exposed to high heat and pressure for a long period of time. Coal, iron ore, gypsum, potash salt etc are formed in this way.

1. Orissa: is the largest bauxite producing state accounting for more than half of the total production of India. 
2. The total recoverable reserves in the state are estimated at 1,370.5 million tones. 
3. The main bauxite belt is in Kalahandi and Koraput districts and extends further into Andhra Pradesh.

1. The mineral mica is a group of aluminosilicates with various metals that split into fine sheets. They have a layered texture and have multiple uses. It is a translucent, optically flat, and elastic mineral. 
2. It is found in a variety of consumer goods, from cosmetics to electronic appliances. 
3. It is added to rubber products such as tires to prevent sticking.
4. Additionally, it is used in paints to improve their pigmentation.

1. As we know that India produces just 20% crude oil of its requirement and rests 80% is imported from abroad.
2.  Crude oil and other related products account for around 22% total import bill of India. 
3. The second spot is acquired by the capital goods (machinery, base metal, transport equipment) which accounts for 19.2% of the total Indian imports. 
4. The third spot is secured by the import of gems and jewelry (16.8 %of the total imports)
5.  The fourth and the fifth spot is secured by the chemical & related products (12.7%) and electronic goods (11.4%) respectively.

Aluminum which is obtained from Bauxite  ore  is the perfect material to use when manufacturing airplanes,  as It is strong, lightweight, predictable and inexpensive. Steel and iron are both stronger than aluminum, but the problem with steel and iron is its weight. Both of these metals are much heavier than aluminum — and too much weigh restricts an airplane’s ability to takeoff and fly.

 It’s estimated that up to 80% of the materials used in modern-day aircraft is aluminum. The Wright brothers used a steel engine in their early-model Flyer plane, which was not only heavy but lacked the power necessary for takeover. As a result, they acquired a special engine made of cast aluminum, which allowed their Flyer-1 to takeoff with ease.

 

 

 

 Copper:

The orebodies are formed in hydrothermal veins that are born in underground magma chambers far below the deposit itself. The high temperatures of volcanic magma creates hydrothermal veins, allowing some of the heat to escape near the upper layers of the Earth’s crust.

This is why copper is often found in the sedimentary layer, where sand and mud are compressed until they form a layer of sedimentary rock on the surface of the earth. Copper ore gets trapped in oxidized zones within these types of rocks.

 

 

 

Aluminium: 

Element name	Symbol	Percentage by weight of the Earth’s crust
Oxygen	O	47
Silicon	Si	28
Aluminium	Al	8
Iron	Fe	5
Calcium	Ca	3.5
Sodium	Na	3
Potassium	K	2.5
Magnesium	Mg	2
All other elements		1

 

Coal: The plant matter becomes buried, and are no longer exposed to air. Anaerobic bacteria then starts to decompose the material. Burial and accumulation can occur for several thousands of years, producing several meters of partially decayed plant matter known as peat

 

Platinum:

The least reactive metals would be Platinum, Gold, Palladium, Osmium and Silver and in the decreasing order. The inertness of the metals is due to the electron configuration in the orbitals.