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Transport in Plants Test - 11

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Transport in Plants Test - 11
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Guttation is the result of
    Solution
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation:
    Guttation is the exudation of drops of xylem sap on the tips or edges of leaves of some vascular plants, such as grasses.
    The process of guttation occurs when the roots of a plant absorb water from the soil. This creates a pressure inside the plant- root pressure , and the water is forced out through the hydathodes. As this process occurs, the water picks up chemicals and is no longer simply water; it's called xylem sap.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Transpiration and root pressure cause water to rise in plants by
    Solution
    • The physiology of water uptake and transport is not so complex. The main driving force of water uptake and transport into a plant is transpiration of water from stomata present in the leaves. 
    • Transpiration is the process of water evaporation through specialized openings in the leaves, called stomata. The evaporation creates a negative water vapor pressure, developed in the surrounding cells of the leaf. 
    • Once this happens, water is pulled into the leaf from the vascular tissue, the xylem, to replace the water that has transpired from the leaf. 
    • This pulling of water, or tension, that occurs in the xylem of the leaf, will extend all the way down through the rest of the xylem column of the tree and into the xylem of the roots due to the cohesive forces holding together the water molecules along the sides of the xylem tubing. (Remember, the xylem is a continuous water column that extends from the leaf to the roots.) Finally, the negative water pressure that occurs in the roots will result in an increase of water uptake from the soil. 
    • Now if transpiration from the leaf decreases, as usually occurs at night or during cloudy weather, the drop in water pressure in the leaf will not be as great, and so there will be a lower demand for water (less tension) placed on the xylem. 
    • The loss of water from a leaf (negative water pressure, or a vacuum) is comparable to placing suction to the end of a straw. If the vacuum or suction thus created is great enough, water will rise up through the straw. If you had a very large diameter straw, you would need more suction to lift the water. 
    • Likewise, if you had a very narrow straw, less suction would be required. This correlation occurs as a result of the cohesive nature of water along the sides of the straw (the sides of the xylem). 
    • Because of the narrow diameter of the xylem tubing, the degree of water tension, (vacuum) required to drive water up through the xylem can be easily attained through normal transpiration rates that often occur in leaves.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In the process of osmosis in the cell __________________.
    Solution
    In the process of osmosis in the cell, outer layer of cell i.e., plasma membrane acts as semipermeable membrane.
    So the correct option is C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In rainy season, the doors get wet due to
    Solution
    Imbibition is a physical process of adsorption of water on the surface of the adsorbent material. During the rainy season the concentration of water vapor is more in the air and if the doors are not properly protected by paints and/or varnish the wood in them will imbibe water from water vapors present in the air. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statement is correct?
    Solution
    Osmotic pressure develops due to addition of solute particles. As a solution is expected to have more solute particles as compared to a pure solvent. The solution will always have more osmotic pressure than pure solvent.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Process of osmosis shall cease when
    Solution
    Osmosis is a passive process. It does not requires energy. It is defined as movement of water or solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane along the concentration gradient. If the concentration of solutions on both the sides of semipermeable membrane is same i.e., solutions are isotonic, there is no driving force for osmosis and osmosis shall cease.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is not a type of transpiration?
    Solution
    Stomatal transpiration occurs through stomata and lenticular transpiration occurs through lenticels. Cuticular transpiration is loss of water through cuticle layer. Endodermis layer is the inner layer, that limits the cortex. No transpiration occurs through endodermis.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In the process of plasmolysis
    Solution
    Plasmolysis occurs due to shrinkage of protoplasm when a plant cell is kept in a hypertonic medium. In a hypertonic medium, water flows out from a cell to the surrounding medium is called as exosmosis leading to plasmolysis. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Osmosis is the property of
    Solution
    Osmosis is defined as the movement of solvent or water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane. Hence, osmosis depends upon the semipermeable nature of membrane.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    What does a plant cell show if placed in sea water?
    Solution
    • The seawater is hypertonic to cell sap because of the higher concentration of dissolved solutes. 
    • Thus, water will move out of the cells towards the surrounding solution i.e. from high water potential to low water potential.
    • This leads to the shrinking of protoplasm away from the cell wall of a plant or bacterium. This is known as plasmolysis.
    • Hence, if we place a plant cell in seawater it will undergo plasmolysis.
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