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Transport in Plants Test - 37

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Transport in Plants Test - 37
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The pressure exerted on the fluid contents of the cortical cells of root by turgidity, which forces the water into xylem vessels and upward into stem for a certain height is
    Solution
    Root pressure helps to pull the cell sap through a plant stem to the leaves. It occurs in the xylem of some vascular plants when the soil moisture level is high either at night or when transpiration is low during the day.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Root pressure in maximum, when
    Solution
    When transpiration is low and soil is generally well watered, a positive root pressure develops. Under the influence of positive root, pressure water oozes out from ends of xylary elements in plants. The main reason for the development of positive root pressure is the active absorption of minerals and water by roots.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Leaves of submerged hydrophytes are
    Solution
    Hydrophytes are plants growing in water. They may be submerged or floating. Floating hydrophytes have stomata on floating parts, for example, floating leaves of lotus have stomata on the upper surface. 
    Submerged hydrophytes do not have stomata. Submerged hydrophytes absorb minerals and water and exchange gases through general epidermal surface.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The conduction of water from root hair to root xylem is ?
    Solution
    Apoplast refers to the dead non-living part of plant. It comprises of the intercellular spaces and cell walls. Symplast refers to the living part of plant. It comprises of the plasma membrane and protoplasm. Transport through apoplast is fast as water is not required to cross the plant cell. Movement of water from root hair to root xylem is through both apoplast and symplast. 
    As root hairs come in contact with water, they automatically absorb water in apoplast. This is a physical process just like water is soaked up by a piece of paper or cotton. Like that water reaches upto the layer of endodermis. The endodermal cells have casparian strips, which makes it impossible for water to move further through apoplastic pathway. At the endodermis, water passes through symplast. Once endodermis is crossed, water again is free to follow apoplast or symplast pathway, till it reaches xylem.
    So, the correct answer is 'Symplastic and apoplastic'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In plants the translocation of organic solutes take place through
    Solution
    In vascular plants, water and minerals move through xylem, whereas sugars move through phloem. Ringing experiments prove that sugars move through phloem. If the phloem tissue is removed in a ring or girdle, the sugars cannot be transported to roots from aerial parts and plant dies. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which tissue are removed when a plant is girdled?
    Solution
    • Girdling experiment is used to identify the tissue through which the food is transported. In this experiment, a ring of bark (phloem) is removed from the wood by a technique known as girdling. 
    • In plants, sugars are translocated by phloem tissue. This can be experimentally demonstrated by girdling experiments. In girdling experiments all tissues from the phloem to the epidermis, including secondary phloem are removed. This stops the flow of sugars to plant parts below the level of the girdle. Thus, the roots are starved, and consequently, the plant is killed.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The trunk of a tree shrinks during day time due to
    Solution
    Transpiration is loss of water in vapour form, usually through stomata but it can also occur through general surface. During day time some of the living cells in parenchyma and secondary phloem can lose water and shrink. Even though it will not result in major loss of water, because living cells are few in woody trunk nevertheless it can lead to marginal shrinkage in trunk.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    When stem of a herbaceous plant is cut, water or sap oozes out, this is due to?
    Solution
    Root pressure develops by active absorption of minerals by roots, which decreases water potential in root cells and water passively flows inside the root cells. As transpiration loss is limited, there is a buildup of positive root pressure.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Guttation is dependent on
    Solution
    Transpiration is defined as loss of water as gas or vapors from aerial parts, like leaves through the stomatal pore. If there is less of transpiration as due to high atmospheric humidity and the soil is well watered; there will be an increase in root pressure. The increased root pressure leads to oozing out of a solution of minerals from hydathodes (called as guttation) and other openings (called as bleeding). 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    What is osmosis?
    Solution

    Osmosis is a process in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane. This process does not require energy and hence called as passive transport. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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