Transport in Plants Test

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Transport in Plants Test - 64

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Read the given statements that refer to different stages of plasmolysis. Select the correct option regarding them.
(i) First stage of plamolysis, when osmotic concentration of cell sap is just equivalent to that of external solution.
(ii) Protoplast withdraws itself from corners of the cell wall.
(iii) Protoplast gets detached from the cell wall and attains a spherical shape.

A
(i)-Incipent plasmolysis, (ii)-Limiting plasmolysis, (iii)-Evident plasmolysis

B
(i)-Limiting plasmolysis, (ii)-Incipient plasmolysis, (iii)-Evident plasmolysis

C
(i)-Limiting plasmolysis, (ii)-Evident plasmolysis, (iii)-Incipient plasmolysis

D
(i)-Evident plasmolysis, (ii)-Incipient plasmolysis, (iii)-Limiting plasmolysis

Solution

Shrinkage of the protoplast of a cell from its cell wall under the influence of a hypertonic solution is called plasmolysis. Hypertonic solution causes exosmosis or withdrawal of water from cytoplasm and then the central vacuole of cell. The size of cytoplasm as well as central vacuole and hence protoplast becomes reduced. The pressure on the wall is simultaneously reduced and the elastic wall contracts causing a reduction in cell size. This is first stage of plasmolysis called limiting plasmolysis. At limiting plasmolysis, the pressure potential $$(\Psi_p)$$ is zero and the osmotic concentration of cell interior is just equivalent to that of external solution (isotonic). The cell is called flaccid.
The extra hypertonic external solution continues to withdraw water from the central vacuole by exosmosis. Initially the protoplast withdraw itself from the corners. This stage is known as incipient plasmolysis. Due to continued exosmosis, protoplast shrinks further and withdraws from the cell wall except one or a few points. It is known as evident plasmolysis.
So, the correct answer is '(i)-Limiting plasmolysis, (ii)-Incipient plasmolysis, (iii)-Evident plasmolysis'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Unidirectional flow of water, minerals, some organic nitrogen and hormones occurs through

A
Xylem

B
Phloem

C
Root

D
Vascular tissue

Solution

There are two types of vascular tissues in plants, xylem and phloem, xylem translocation is mainly from roots to aerial parts. It passes water with mineral salts, some organic nitrogen and hormones. Phloem translocates organic substances and some inorganic solutes first from leaves to all other parts of the plant and storage organs. Storage organs reexport organic nutrients to those parts which require the same, such as newly formed leaves and fruits.
So, the correct answer is 'Xylem'.
Question 3
1 / -0

In which of the following pathways, movement of water occurs from one cell to another cell through plasmodesmata?

A
Apoplast pathway

B
Symplast pathway

C
Vacuolar pathway

D
Transmembrane pathway

Solution

In symplast pathway, water passes from cell to cell through their protoplasm. It does not enter cell vacuoles. The cytoplasm of the adjacent cells are connected through plasmodesmata. Symplastic movement is aided by cytoplasmic streaming of individual cells.

Question 4

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Following are the differences between apoplast pathway and symplast pathway. Which of the given differences is/are incorrect?

	Apoplast pathway	Symplast pathway
(i)	It consists of non-living parts of plant body, i.e., cell walls and intercellular spaces.	It consists of living parts of plant body, i.e., protoplasts connected by plasmodesmata.
(ii)	There is little resistance in the movement of water.	Some resistance occurs in the movement of water through symplast.
(iii)	It is slightly slower.	It is faster.
(iv)	Metabolic state of root directly affects apoplast pathway.	Metabolic state of root does not affect symplast pathway.

(iii) only

(i) and (iii) only

(iii) and (iv) only

(ii) and (iii) only

Solution

	Apoplast pathway	Symplast pathway
1	It consists of non-living parts of the plant body, i.e., cell walls and intercellular spaces.	It consists of living parts of the plant body, i.e., protoplasts connected by plasmodesmata.
2	There is little resistance in the movement of water.	Some resistance occurs in the movement of water through the symplast.
3	It is faster.	It is slightly slower.
4	Metabolic state of root does not affect apoplast pathway.	Metabolic state of root directly affects symplast pathway.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 5
1 / -0

Movement of solvent molecule from a region of its higher concentration to a region of its lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane, is referred to as?

A
Simple diffusion

B
Facilitated diffusion

C
Osmosis

D
Active transport
Question 6
1 / -0

Salt is added to preserve meat, pickles, etc. because salting kills bacteria by the process of _______________.

A
Dissolution

B
Distillation

C
Plasmolysis

D
Imbibition

Solution

Plasmolysis is the characteristic feature of living walled cells. All living walled cells plasmolyse when kept in a hypertonic solution. Pickels, meat and fish are preserved by salting. Similarly, jams and jellies are preserved by sweetening with sugars. Salting and sweetening create hypertonic condition in which the fungi and bacteria get killed by plasmolysis.

Question 7

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given.

Column I	Column II
A. Dixon and Jolly	(i) Root pressure
B. Stomata	(ii) Only water available to plants
C. Manometer	(iii) Transpiration
D. Capillary water	(iv) Transpiration pull
E. Potometer	(v) Rate of transpiration

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(ii), E-(i)

A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii), E-(v)

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii), E-(v)

A-(v), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(i)

Solution

(A) Dixon and Jolly - Transpiration pull

The cohesion-tension theory (C-T theory) by Boehm (1893) and Dixon and Joly (1894) postulates that the water ascent in trees is exclusively due to the transpirational pull from continuous water columns in the xylem conduit running from the roots to the leaves.

(B) Stomata - Transpiration

The loss of water as vapor from plants at their surfaces, primarily through stomata. enhances nutrient uptake into plants.

Root pressure is measured by a manometer.

(D) Capillary water - Only water available to plants

Capillary water is the only water which roots absorb.

(E) Potometer - Rate of transpiration

The rate of transpiration is measured by a device known as a potometer.

So, the correct answer is (C).

Question 8
1 / -0

For a plasmolysed cell, which equation is correct?

A
DPD = OP + TP

B
DPD = - TP

C
DPD = OP

D
DPD = OP - TP

Solution

For turgid cell, OP = TP; DPD = 0.
For flaccid cell, OP not equal to 0 , TP = 0; DPD = OP.
For plasmolysed cell, TP is negative; DPD = OP-(-TP); DPD = OP+TP (Maximum).
TP = pressure applied by protoplast.
OP = pressure require to stop entry of water.
Thus, the correct answer is 'DPD = OP + TP.'
Question 9
1 / -0

Given figure demonstrates the translocation of organic solutes according to pressure flow hypothesis.
Which out of the following statements is incorrect regarding this?

A
A continuous high osmotic concentration is maintained in region P, which loads a sieve tube element by passively transporting solute molecules into it.

B
R shows the movement of $$H_2O$$ into sieve tube elements from nearby xylem vessels by osmosis.

C
Translocation of organic solutes takes place from region P with high turgor pressure to region Q with low turgor pressure.

D
In region Q, material is either consumed or is converted into insoluble storage forms resulting in decreased osmotic pressure.
Question 10
1 / -0

Amides are transported to the other parts of the plants via

A
phloem parenchyma

B
phloem companion cells

C
xylem vessels

D
phloem fibre

Solution

Amino acids are transported between different organs through xylem vessels. This redistribution of nitrogen and carbon requires the activity of amino acid transporters in the plasma membrane. In addition, amino acids can be taken up directly by the roots. Amino acid transport has been well characterized in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and functional complementation has served as an excellent tool for identifying and characterizing amino acid transporters from plants.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Xylem vessels.'

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Transport in Plants Test - 64

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Transport in Plants Test - 64

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

(i)-Incipent plasmolysis, (ii)-Limiting plasmolysis, (iii)-Evident plasmolysis

(i)-Limiting plasmolysis, (ii)-Incipient plasmolysis, (iii)-Evident plasmolysis

(i)-Limiting plasmolysis, (ii)-Evident plasmolysis, (iii)-Incipient plasmolysis

(i)-Evident plasmolysis, (ii)-Incipient plasmolysis, (iii)-Limiting plasmolysis

Solution

Question 2

Xylem

Phloem

Root

Vascular tissue

Solution

Question 3

Apoplast pathway

Symplast pathway

Vacuolar pathway

Transmembrane pathway

Solution

Question 4

(iii) only

(i) and (iii) only

(iii) and (iv) only

(ii) and (iii) only

Solution

Question 5

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

Osmosis

Active transport

Question 6

Dissolution

Distillation

Plasmolysis

Imbibition

Solution

Question 7

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(ii), E-(i)

A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii), E-(v)

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii), E-(v)

A-(v), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(i)

Solution

Question 8

DPD = OP + TP

DPD = - TP

DPD = OP

DPD = OP - TP

Solution

Question 9

A continuous high osmotic concentration is maintained in region P, which loads a sieve tube element by passively transporting solute molecules into it.

R shows the movement of $$H_2O$$ into sieve tube elements from nearby xylem vessels by osmosis.

Translocation of organic solutes takes place from region P with high turgor pressure to region Q with low turgor pressure.

In region Q, material is either consumed or is converted into insoluble storage forms resulting in decreased osmotic pressure.

Question 10

phloem parenchyma

phloem companion cells

xylem vessels

phloem fibre

Solution

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