Transport in Plants Test

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Transport in Plants Test - 75

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Question 1
1 / -0

If an animal cell is placed into a solution whose concentration of dissolved substances is higher than that inside the cell, then

A
The cell will swell.

B
The cell will shrivel.

C
The solution is described as hypertonic.

D
Both B and C.

Solution

The tendency of a fluid, usually water, to pass through a semi-permeable membrane into a solution, where the solvent concentration is higher, thus equalizing the concentrations of materials on either side of the membrane is called as osmosis. As the concentration of dissolved substances in the solvent is higher than that inside the cell, the solution is hypertonic. Consequently, water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrink.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which one of the following, measures osmotic potential of a solution by measuring its freezing point?

A
Potato osmometer

B
Cryoscopic osmometer

C
Potometer

D
All of the above

Solution

Potato osmometer is used to demonstrate osmosis in the laboratory. "Cryo" prefix denotes low temperature. The cryoscopic osmometer measures the osmotic potential of a solution by measuring its freezing point. Solutions have colligative properties that collectively depend on the number of dissolved particles. One of the colligative properties of solutions is the decrease in the freezing point as the solute concentration increases. The decrease in freezing point will give a measure of solute concentration in the solution. Once we know the solute concentration in the solution, the osmotic potential can be easily worked out using the formula -CRT, where C is the concentration, R the universal gas constant and T the absolute temperature.
So, the correct answer is 'Cryoscopic osmometer'
Question 3
1 / -0

In plants, atmospheric pressure can rise water to the maximum of

A
40 ft

B
38 ft

C
34 ft

D
30 ft

Solution

'Atmospheric pressure theory' was advanced to explain ascent of sap in plants. When water escapes by transpiration from the surface of the leaves, there will be the less amount of water within the plant body. So, the atmospheric pressure supports the water to be lifted only to a height of 34 feet; but there are plants, which are taller than this and still there is transport of water. Hence, it can be concluded that atmospheric pressure could not be the force for ascent of sap.

Question 4

1 / -0

Match the theories given with the names of scientists. Choose the answer which gives the correct combination of the alphabets.

Names of theories	Names of scientists
A. Relay pump theory	p. Schleiden
B. Cohesion tension theory	q. Sir J.C. Bose
C. Mass flow theory	r. Godlewski
D. Pulsation theory	s. Dixon and Jolly
	t. Ernst Munch

A- q, B- p, C- t, D- r

A- r, B- q, C- t, D- q

A- s, B- r, C- p, D- q

A- r, B- s, C- t, D- q

Solution

According to Godlewski, rhythmic change in the water potential of xylem parenchyma and medullary ray are responsible for the pumping action of water in an upward direction in ascend of sap. This is called as relay pump theory.

According to Dixon and Jolly, due to intermolecular attraction, water flows in an upward direction against the gravity through the xylem of plants. This is called as cohesion tension theory.

According to Ernst Munch, movement of sap through the phloem occurs by mass flow from sugar rich area to sugar deprived area. This is called as mass flow theory.

According to Sir J.C. Bose, the conduction of water upwards through the xylem vessel is a result of pulsation and turgor pressure which produces contractive and expulsive movements. This is called as pulsation theory.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Question 5
1 / -0

Presence of bicollateral vascular bundle provides evidence that conduction of food takes place through the

A
Phloem

B
Xylem

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

Translocation of prepared food occurs through the phloem. Bicollateral vascular bundles have two patches of phloem. Bicollateral vascular bundles show following arrangement of vascular tissue, outer phloem, outer cambium, xylem, inner cambium, inner phloem. These vascular bundles can transport much more amount of sugars than collateral vascular bundles having only a single patch of phloem. Bicollateral vascular bundles are common in Family Cucurbitaceae with large leaves, large fruits called Pepo and thin weak stems.
Question 6
1 / -0

Water potential in the leaf tissue is positive (+ve) during

A
Excessive transpiration

B
Low absorption

C
Low transpiration

D
Guttation

Solution

Water potential depends on the number of water molecules in the system. More the number of water molecules, greater will be the water potential. Water potential of all solutions is negative in comparison to pure water which has water potential as zero. Under the conditions, when there are more water molecules in the system, water potential is expected to be higher, e.g., under conditions of low transpiration in leaf tissue the water potential is expected to be positive. When transpiration is low, considerably more water molecules will be stuffed up inside leaf in the intercellular spaces giving rise to a positive water potential.
Question 7
1 / -0

The turgidity of the guard cells is maintained by

A
OP

B
TP

C
WP

D
DP

Solution

When the surrounding solution is less negative than that of the cell sap. Water will move from a region of less negative (high) to a region of more negative (low) water potential. OP (osmotic pressure) will cause entry of water inside guard cells, which creates TP (turgor pressure). The TP is balanced by WP (wall pressure). So, OP actually creates TP and WP and OP is responsible for turgidity of guard cells. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

Chemicals like KCN and sodium azide ________.

A
Inhibitis water absorption

B
Enhances respiration

C
Enhances photosynthesis

D
All of the above

Solution

Chemicals like potassium cyanide, antimycin, sodium azide and rotenone are common respiratory inhibitors. They affect the electron transport mechanism in mitochondria. Consequently ATP synthesis cannot occur. Hence, active absorption of water and solutes will not take place. However passive absorption may still occur, because it does not depends on ATP supply.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which one of the following statement is wrong?

A
Water potential is the chemical potential of the water.

B
Solute potential is always negative.

C
Pressure potential is zero in a flaccid cell.

D
Water potential equals solute potential in a fully turgid cell.

E
Pressure potential is negative in a plasmolyzed cell.

Solution

Water potential is the chemical potential of water, whose value depends on the number of water molecules in the system. Water potential is calculated by the sum of solute potential and pressure potential. Solute potential is negative and pressure potential is positive. In a fully turgid cell, solute potential is equal to pressure potential and consequently water potential is zero. Thus, no water can enter inside a fully turgid cell.
Question 10
1 / -0

Phloem loading is

A
Translocation of starch in high concentration in sieve tubes

B
Translocation of raffinose along with only solvents through sieve tubes by apoplastic operation

C
Presence of solutes in sieve tubes without any turgor pressure

D
Symplastic operation transporting raffinose or stachyose in addition to sucrose

Solution

Plants can load complexes through a symplasmic route. They can translocate sugars in the form of rafﬁnose-related compounds. According to symplasmic phloem loading, sucrose diffuses from mesophyll and bundle sheath cells into companion cells through plasmodesmata. Within companion cells, sucrose is thought to be enzymatically converted to oligosaccharides. This helps in maintaining a diffusion gradient for sucrose. The plamsodesmata prevents diffusion of stachyose and rafﬁnose molecules back into the cell because they are larger than sucrose.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

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Transport in Plants Test - 75

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Transport in Plants Test - 75

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Question 1

The cell will swell.

The cell will shrivel.

The solution is described as hypertonic.

Both B and C.

Solution

Question 2

Potato osmometer

Cryoscopic osmometer

Potometer

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

40 ft

38 ft

34 ft

30 ft

Solution

Question 4

A- q, B- p, C- t, D- r

A- r, B- q, C- t, D- q

A- s, B- r, C- p, D- q

A- r, B- s, C- t, D- q

Solution

Question 5

Phloem

Xylem

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Excessive transpiration

Low absorption

Low transpiration

Guttation

Solution

Question 7

OP

TP

WP

DP

Solution

Question 8

Inhibitis water absorption

Enhances respiration

Enhances photosynthesis

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

Water potential is the chemical potential of the water.

Solute potential is always negative.

Pressure potential is zero in a flaccid cell.

Water potential equals solute potential in a fully turgid cell.

Pressure potential is negative in a plasmolyzed cell.

Solution

Question 10

Translocation of starch in high concentration in sieve tubes

Translocation of raffinose along with only solvents through sieve tubes by apoplastic operation

Presence of solutes in sieve tubes without any turgor pressure

Symplastic operation transporting raffinose or stachyose in addition to sucrose

Solution

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