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Transport in Plants Test - 76

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Transport in Plants Test - 76
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    If in a tree, a cut end is put in eosin solution then
    Solution
    Eosin is a red or pink coloured stain, which can be used to track the movement of water inside the plants. As phloem is not involved in water transport, the phloem cells will not be stained in this experiment. The ascent of sap occurs through nonliving xylem tracheids and vessels. Hence, xylem elements will be coloured due to stain in this procedure. The force responsible for the pull of water to great heights is the transpiration pull. The properties of adhesion, cohesion and capillarity help in the ascent of sap through nonliving tracheids and vessels.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Collecters secreting sticky exudations are characteristic of
    Solution
    In Botany, the term exudate refers to the fluid emitted through pores in the plants and the process is called as exuding. Examples of plant exudates are saps, gums, resins, latex and nectar. Sticky exudates are released from the glandular trichomes of the leaves or branches when damaged or even flowers. These sticky exudations are tactile signals of the plants which either work as alarm signals to the aphids, traps insects or are signals for pollinators.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    If osmotic potential of a cell is -10 bars and its pressure potential is 5 bars, its water potential would be
    Solution
    The formula for calculating water potential is $$\psi$$ = $$\psi_s$$(osmotic potential) + $$\psi_s$$(pressure potential). In the given question osmotic potential is -10 bars and pressure potential is 5 bars. So the  water potential can be calculated as $$\psi$$ = -10 bars + 5 bars = -5 bars.
    So, the correct answer is '-5 bars'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Bulliform cells respond to which of the following change?
    Solution
    Bulliform cells are large, bubble-shaped epidermal cells that occur in groups on the upper surface of the leaves of many grasses. Loss of turgor pressure in these cells causes leaves to roll up during water stress. During drought, the loss of moisture through vacuoles induces bulliform cells to cause the leaves of many grass species to close as the two edges of the grass blade fold up toward each other. Once adequate water is available, these cells enlarge and the leaves open again. So, bulliform cells respond to turgor pressure and not to osmotic pressure and photosensitisation. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Loading of phloem is related to
    Solution
    In contrast to xylem transport, the mass flow mode of phloem transport requires that the plasma membrane remain intact. At the source end of the phloem (area where sugar is synthesized), sugars are moved into the phloem sieve elements. This increase in solute decreases the water potential of the cell and causes water to flow in from surrounding areas by osmosis. The increase in the volume of water in the cell causes an increase in pressure, which forces the sugar/water/amino acid solution to move toward the sink tissue. 
    At the sink tissue, the sugars are off-loaded which increases the water potential and causes water to flow out of the phloem by osmosis. The sieve elements must remain at least partially alive and keep a functioning plasma membrane in order to help control the flow of sugars into and out of the sieve element. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The translocation of organic solutes in sieve tube members is supported by
    Solution
    According to pressure flow mechanism of sugar translocation, dissolved sugar is translocated bidirectionally in phloem from source to sink. Active loading of companion cells, in sieve tube of source, with sugar require ATP. The ATP provides energy to pump protons out of the sieve tube elements. The resultant proton gradient drives the uptake of sugar by simultaneous co-transport of protons back into the sieve tube elements. The accumulated sugar in the sieve tube element causes the movement of water into the sieve tubes by osmosis.
    So, the correct answer is 'Mass flow involving a carrier and ATP'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Terms apoplast and symplast were first used by
    Solution
    Apoplast refers to the non living component of plant like intercellular spaces and cell wall. Transportation through apoplast is fast. 
    Symplast refers to living component of plant ie cell membrane and protoplasm. Transportation through symplast is slow process. 
    E. Munch (1932), a German physiologist introduced the concept of apoplast and symplast, which is valuable in understanding the pathway of water movement through the root.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Match the columns.
    1. Cytochrome pump theory
    		A. Mitchell
    2. Streaming of protoplasm
    		B. Lundegardh
    3. Chemiosmotic hypothesis
    		C. Munch
    4. Symplast and apoplast
    		D. de Vries

    Solution
    Cytochrome pump theory was proposed by Lundegardh in 1954. This theory states, that there is a direct correlation between the anion absorption and respiration. 
    Cytoplasmic or protoplasmic streaming theory was given by De Vries in 1885. According to this theory in a sieve tube element, organic solutes pass to all parts by cytoplasmic streaming, while they pass from one sieve element to another through diffusion.
    The chemiosmotic mechanism for ATP synthesis was given by Mitchell. According to this theory, the ATP is synthesized by $$F_0$$-$$F_1$$ ATPase enzymes when protons flow along the electrochemical gradient.
    Apoplast and symplast were explained by Munch in 1931. Nonliving continuum of the plant body, which consists of cell walls, intercellular spaces, and water filled xylem channels is called as apoplast. The living continuum of the plant formed of protoplasts connected by plasmodesmata constitutes the symplast.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    What is the function of P-protein?
    Solution
    P-proteins have been reported in sieve tube members. They can be the dispersive or non-dispersive type. A variety of functions from wound healing to transportation have been suggested for P-proteins. Nothing is well established but transport of organic solutes appears to be their most important function at least in the immature stage.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Casparian strips are ....................... in nature.
    Solution
    Casparian strips are water proof bands, which run around the cell wall of endodermal cells in plants. Casparian strips are water proof due to deposition of suberin in their cell wall. Hence, casparian strips are impermeable to water. Therefore, option A is correct. 
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