Transport in Plants Test

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Transport in Plants Test - 86

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which is incorrect?

A
$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

B
$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_m \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

C
$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_s + \Psi_p $$

D
$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_m + \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

Solution

The water potential (ψw) was calculated from the sum of means of pressure potential (ψp) and osmotic potential (ψπ), i.e, Ψw=Ψπ+Ψp
Water potential can be measured using the formula, ψw = ψs + ψp where ψs = solute potential or osmotic potential and ψp = pressure potential or turgor potential.
The main components of total water potential for a material in a waste site would be the sum of matrix, osmotic and pressure potential i.e, Ψw =Ψm + Ψπ + Ψp.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
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The correct ascending sequence with respect to their water potential is

(a) $$ \pi = -0.8 \text{MPa}, P = +0.4 \text{MPa}$$
(b) $$ \pi = -1.0 \text{MPa}, P = +0.5 \text{MPa}$$
(c) $$ \pi = -0.9 \text{MPa}, P = +0.2 \text{MPa}$$
(d) $$ \pi = -0.3 \text{MPa}, P = +0.2 \text{MPa}$$

A
a, b, c, d

B
c, b, a, d

C
c, a, b, d

D
c, d, b, a

Solution

Water potential is the potential energy of water per unit volume. It is the measure of free energy or potential energy of water in a system relative to the free energy of pure water. Water potential is denoted by the Greek letter ψ (psi) and is measured in the terms of bars. Water potential can be measured using the formula, ψ = ψπ + ψp where ψπ = Solute Potential or Osmotic Potential and ψp = Pressure Potential or Turgor Potential.
From the question it is given,
(a) : ψπ = -0.8
ψp = 0.4
ψ = -0.8 + 0.4 = -0.4.
(b) : ψπ = -1.0
ψp = 0.5
ψ = -1.0 + 0.5 = -0.5.
(c) : ψπ = -0.9
ψp = 0.2
ψ = -0.9 + 0.2 = -0.7.
(d) : ψπ = -0.3
ψp = 0.2
ψ = -0.3 + 0.2 = -0.1.

Therefore, the correct ascending sequence with respect to their water potential is -0.7, -0.5, -0.4 and -0.1 i.e, c, b, a, and d.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
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Recognize the figure and find out the correct statement.
(i) The solution of which chamber has a lower water potential?
(ii)The solution of which chamber has a lower solute potential?
(iii) In which direction osmosis occurs?
(iv) At equilibrium which chamber will have lower water potential?

A
(i)-A, (ii)-B, (iii)-A to B, (iv)-A

B
(i)-B, (ii)-A, (iii)- A to B, (iv)-Same

C
(i)-B, (ii)-B, (iii)-A to B, (iv) -same

D
(i)-A, (ii)-A, (iii)-B to A, (iv) same

Solution

Water potential refers to the energy stored in water (potential energy) that drives the water from one region to another. It also defines the movement of water freely in a specific environment. The movement of water takes place from the area of high water potential to an area of low water potential through osmosis.

(i)    The solution of chamber B has a lower water potential due to the presence of more solute.
(ii)    The solution of chamber A has a lower solute potential as the concentration of solute in chamber A is low.
(iii)    Osmosis occurs from chamber A to chamber B (A to B direction).
(iv)    At equilibrium, the water potential in each chamber is the same.
So, the correct answer is '(i)-B, (ii)-A, (iii)- A to B, (iv)-Same'
Question 4
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The apoplast is located

A
Outside the plasma membrane

B
In the entire cytosol

C
On both sides of plasma mebrane

D
In the plastidial content

Solution

The apoplast is the free diffusional space which is located outside the plasma membrane. It includes cell walls, extra cellular spaces and the interior of vessels elements and tracheids. Water and solutes can move from one location to another within a root or other organ through the apoplast without passing through a cell membrane. This process is known as apoplastic transport. Here, the water moves fastly since the cortical cells are loosely packed.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
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X and Y are two living cells adjacent to each other. The cell X has solute potential $$ ( \Psi_s ) $$ of -9 bars and pressure potential $$ ( \Psi_p ) $$ of 4 bars whereas cell Y has solute potential $$ ( \Psi_s ) $$ of -8 bars and pressure potential $$ ( \Psi_p ) $$ of 5 bars. What will be the direction of water movement between these cells?

A
Cell X to cell Y

B
Cell Y to cell X

C
Does not move in any direction

D
Moves in both directions

Solution

This question depicts Water Potential. Water potential is denoted by the Greek letter ψ (psi). It is the measure of the relative tendency of water to move from one area to another and are measured in the terms of bars. It is the difference between the free energy of water molecules in pure water and solution. Water potential can be measured using the formula, ψ = ψs + ψp where ψs = Solute Potential or Osmotic Potential and ψp = Pressure Potential or Turgor Potential. Here, the water movement across the concentration gradient will be higher water potential to lower water potential.
In the above question it is given as follows,
Cell X : ψs = -9 bars,
ψp = 4 bars and
ψ = ψs + ψp = -9 + 4 = -5 bars.
Cell Y : ψs = -8 bars,
ψp = 5 bars and
ψ = ψs + ψp = -8 + 5 = -3 bars.

Therefore, cell X Water Potential (ψ) = -5 bars,
cell Y Water Potential (ψ) = -3 bars,
In the case of water Potential (ψ), water movement will be higher water potential to lower water potential. i.e, from the cell Y to cell X.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
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Arrange the following in ascending order based on their solute concentration

Cell Water Potential
(KPa) Pressure Potential
(KPa)
(a) -590 320
(b) -368 623
(c) -292 412
(d) -481 146

A
a, a, d, b

B
d, c, a, b

C
a, c, b, d

D
b, a, c, d

Solution

Water potential = Pressure potential + Solute potential
Cell water potential Pressure potential Solute potential (water potential - pressure potential)
a -590 320 -910
b -368 623 -991
c -292 412 -704
d -481 146 -627
The cell having the lowest value of the solute potential has the highest solute concentration.
So the correct answer is 'b, a, c, d'.
Question 7
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Components of water potential of four cells of an actively transpiring monocot plant are
Cell Osmotic Potential Pressure Potential
a -0.9 0.5
b -0.8 0,6
c -0.6 0.1
d -0.7 0.4
Identify the four cells as root hair, cortical cell, epidermal and pericycle cells.

A
b, c, d, a

B
b, d, c, a

C
b, d, a, c

D
a, d, b, c

Solution

Cell osmotic potential Pressure potential
a. Epidermal cell -0.9 0.5
b. Root hair -0.8 0.6
c. Pericycle cell -0.6 0.1
d. Cortical cell -0.7 0.4
When the T.S. of a root is taken then we can observe that the root hair are present externally and are in contact with the soil and have the highest pressure potential, the epidermis has a little lower pressure potential than it.
The cortex is a layer that is present after the epidermal layers so it's pressure potential further reduces. The pericycle is a layer embedded towards the centre and hence has the lowest pressure potential among these.
So the correct answer is 'b, d, a, c'.
Question 8
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Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Water and minerals that cross the cortex through the symplast move

A
Extracellularly along the matrix of cell walls

B
From cell to cell through plasmodesmata

C
By active transport

D
By pressure flow

Solution

Symplastic pathway refers to the movement of the water and minerals from cell to cell through plasmodesmata, after reaching the endodermis. It provides resistance in the movement of water and it is much slower than the apoplastic pathway (where movement occurs between cell walls and intercellular spaces).
Hence,the correct answer is 'From cell to cell through plasmodesmata'.
Question 9
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In __________ pathway, water crosses at least two membranes for each cell in its path (i.e., plasma membrane on entering and exiting).

A
Apoplast

B
Symplast

C
Transmembrane

D
Both (a) and (c)

Solution

$$\textbf{Correct answer: A}$$

$$\textbf{Option (A):}$$
$$\bullet$$ In the apoplast pathway, the water does not enter the cytoplasm directly. Water passes through the cell wall and intercellular spaces.
$$\bullet$$ The movement of water takes place from one cell to another by crossing the plasma membrane.
$$\bullet$$ Only when the water is not able to move through the cell wall due to the presence of a Casparian strip, water move inside the cytoplasm.
$$\bullet$$ Therefore water passes through at least two membranes in the apoplast pathway.

$$\textbf{Option (B):}$$
$$\bullet$$ In the symplast pathway, the water passes through the cytoplasm.
$$\bullet$$ There are minute pores in the cell wall called plasmodesmata which connect the cytoplasm of adjoining cells. Water passes through the plasmodesmata without having any barrier stopping its flow.

$$\textbf{Option (C):}$$
$$\bullet$$ Water does not move to the transmembrane protein because the water molecule has the ability to pass through the cell membrane.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).
Question 10
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If the xylem vessels of a plant are plugged

A
The leaves will turn yellow

B
No food will be made

C
The plant will wilt (shrivel)

D
The plant will continue to grow

Solution

If the xylem vessels of a plant are plugged then the leaves of the plant wouldn't get water supply so they will wilt and ultimately plant will die.
Hence the correct answer is C (the plant will wilt)

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Cell	Water Potential (KPa)	Pressure Potential (KPa)
(a)	-590	320
(b)	-368	623
(c)	-292	412
(d)	-481	146

Cell	water potential	Pressure potential	Solute potential (water potential - pressure potential)
a	-590	320	-910
b	-368	623	-991
c	-292	412	-704
d	-481	146	-627

Cell	Osmotic Potential	Pressure Potential
a	-0.9	0.5
b	-0.8	0,6
c	-0.6	0.1
d	-0.7	0.4

Cell	osmotic potential	Pressure potential
a. Epidermal cell	-0.9	0.5
b. Root hair	-0.8	0.6
c. Pericycle cell	-0.6	0.1
d. Cortical cell	-0.7	0.4

Transport in Plants Test - 86

Result

Transport in Plants Test - 86

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_m \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_s + \Psi_p $$

$$ \Psi_w = \Psi_m + \Psi_\pi + \Psi_p $$

Solution

Question 2

a, b, c, d

c, b, a, d

c, a, b, d

c, d, b, a

Solution

Question 3

(i)-A, (ii)-B, (iii)-A to B, (iv)-A

(i)-B, (ii)-A, (iii)- A to B, (iv)-Same

(i)-B, (ii)-B, (iii)-A to B, (iv) -same

(i)-A, (ii)-A, (iii)-B to A, (iv) same

Solution

Question 4

Outside the plasma membrane

In the entire cytosol

On both sides of plasma mebrane

In the plastidial content

Solution

Question 5

Cell X to cell Y

Cell Y to cell X

Does not move in any direction

Moves in both directions

Solution

Question 6

a, a, d, b

d, c, a, b

a, c, b, d

b, a, c, d

Solution

Question 7

b, c, d, a

b, d, c, a

b, d, a, c

a, d, b, c

Solution

Question 8

Extracellularly along the matrix of cell walls

From cell to cell through plasmodesmata

By active transport

By pressure flow

Solution

Question 9

Apoplast

Symplast

Transmembrane

Both (a) and (c)

Solution

Question 10

The leaves will turn yellow

No food will be made

The plant will wilt (shrivel)

The plant will continue to grow

Solution

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