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Mineral Nutrition Test - 10

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 10
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is essential for photolysis of water?
    Solution
    Photolysis is part of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The general reaction of photosynthetic photolysis can be given as:
    H2A + 2 photons (light) 2 e + 2 H+ + A
    The chemical nature of "A" depends on the type of organism. In purple sulfur bacteria, hydrogen sulfide (H$$_{2}$$S) is oxidized to sulfur (S). In oxygenic photosynthesis, water (HO) serves as a substrate for photolysis resulting in the generation of diatomic oxygen (O$$_{2}$$). This is the process which returns oxygen to Earth's atmosphere. Photolysis of water occurs in the thylakoids of cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of green algae and plants.
    Manganese is a micro element required by plants, obtained in the form of manganous ions. It is an important ion in photolysis. It also helps by activating several other enzymes which promotes photolysis.
    So, the correct answer is 'Manganese'
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Natural reservior of phosphorus is
    Solution
    Phosphorous is present in the form of phosphates in rocks. As the rocks get weathered due to various environmental factors, some amount of these phosphates get dissolved in the soil and are absorbed by the plants.
    Hence, the natural reservoir of phosphorous is sedimentary rocks.
    So, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out.
    Solution
    Thiobacillus denitrificans is chemolithoautotrophic bacteria that denitrifies nitrate during oxidation of FeS$$_x$$ compounds.
    So, the correct answer is 'Denitrification
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The product(s) of reaction catalyzed by nitrogenase in root nodules of leguminous plants is/are
    Solution

    During the nitrogen fixation process, the enzyme nitrogenase converts the atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and hydrogen gas.
    Thus, the correct answer is (C).

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Animals take phosphorous from
    Solution
    Phosphorous is a major constituent of biological membranes, nucleic acids and cellular energy transfer systems. Many animals also need large quantities of this element to make shells, bones and teeth. The natural reservoir of phosphorous is rock, which contains phosphorous in the form of phosphates. When rocks are weathered, minute amounts of these phosphates dissolve in soil solution and are absorbed by the roots of the plants. Herbivores and other animals obtain this element from plants.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is not a micro-element for plants?
    Solution
    Plants require many organic and inorganic nutrients to complete their life-cycle. It has been established that some elements are required by plants in relatively large amount and are called major elements or macronutrients, e.g., C, H, O, N, S, P, K, Ca and Mg. Micro-elements or minor elements or trace elements are required by plants in very small amount, less than $$1$$ppm. For example, Fe, Cu, B, Zn, Mn, Mo, Cl. Thus, Cr is not a micro-element.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following elements is present in very less quantity in the body?
    Solution
    The elements which are present in traces in the human body are known as microelements. Iodine, cobalt, copper, molybdenum are the microelements. Potassium, calcium and magnesium are required in large quantity are known as macroelements. They play an important role in the metabolic activity of the plant. Potassium regulates the opening and closing of stomata. Calcium forms the calcium pectate which forms an integral component of the middle lamellae. Magnesium helps to form chlorophyll in plants.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The enzyme responsible for the reduction of molecular nitrogen to the level of ammonia in the leguminous root nodule is 
    Solution
    The nitrogen fixing organisms possess a set of nitrogen fixing genes which produces an enzyme complex called as nitrogenase. The enzyme nitrogenase reduces molecular nitrogen to ammonia in the root nodule of leguminous plant. Nitrogenase is a complex system, consisting of two major protein components, a Mo-Fe protein joined with one or two Fe proteins. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The enzyme responsible for atmospheric nitrogen fixation is
    Solution
    Most abundant gas in atmosphere is nitrogen but plants cannot use it in the form in which it exists in nature. In nature most of the nitrogen exists as diatomic gaseous form which cannot be assimilated by plants. Plants make use of reduced or fixed nitrogen. Nitrogenase enzyme is an important nitrogen fixing enzyme found in root nodule bacteria which lives in root nodules of leguminous plants.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Cytochrome oxidase has
    Solution
    Iron is an important essential micronutrient required by plants. Iron is required for chlorophyll biosynthesis and iron is also an essential component of various enzyme systems including the cytochromes, catalases, peroxidases, and the enzymes xanthine and aldehyde oxidase, and succinic dehydrogenase.
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