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Mineral Nutrition Test - 11

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 11
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  • Question 1
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    Which enzyme complex is responsible for the reduction of molecular nitrogen to the level of $$NH_3$$ in root module of legume?
    Solution
    Nitrogenases are a family of metalloenzymes that catalyse a key step in the global nitrogen cycle, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐dependent reduction of dinitrogen ($$N_2$$) to ammonia ($$NH_3$$). 
  • Question 2
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    Certain bacteria living in the soil poor in oxygen, convert nitrates into nitrites and then to free nitrogen and such bacteria are termed as
    Solution
    Denitrification is the reverse process of nitrification. During denitrification, nitrates are reduced to nitrites and then to nitrogen gas and ammonia. These compounds are gaseous compounds and are not readily available for microbial growth; therefore they are typically released to the atmosphere. Denitrifiers belong to several genera including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Spirillum, Hyphomicrobium, Agrobacterium, Acinetobacter, Propionibacterium, Rhizobium, Corynebacterium, Thiobacillus and Alcaligenes. 
    Biological denitrification is an anaerobic respiration reaction in which nitrate is reduced. Denitrifying bacteria are aerobic autotrophs or heterotrophs that can switch to anaerobic growth when nitrate is used as an electron acceptor.
  • Question 3
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    Death of stem and root tips occurs due to deficiency of
    Solution
    Calcium is an important mineral required for formation of middle lamellae in plants. Deficiency of calcium affects the leaves, buds, stem and roots. The leaves become small and distorted. Development of buds is inhibited. The stem and roots die.
  • Question 4
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    K, N, Ca, Mg deficiency causes
    Solution
    Chlorosis, or loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing of leaves, is caused by the deficiency of elements like N, K, Mg, and Ca.
  • Question 5
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    Which of the following is not caused by deficiency of mineral nutrition?
    Solution
    Necrosis, chlorosis and shortening of internodes are important deficiency symptoms, which are caused due to deficiency of mineral elements in plants. Etiolation means growth of plants in absence of sunlight. As sunlight is an important requirement for chlorophyll biosynthesis. These plants will be pale in color and have thin elongated internodes.
    so, the correct answer is 'Etiolation'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Technique of growing plants without soil in nutrient solution is called
    Solution
    Growing plants in a nutrient solution in absence of soil is called hydroponics. This technique was pioneered by Julius Von Sachs. It is also called soilless cultivation.
    So, the correct answer is 'Hydroponics'
  • Question 7
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    Which of the following is the criteria for selecting essential elements / minerals for plants?
    Solution
    Plants absorb a number of mineral elements but all of them are not essential for them. The criteria of essentiality is that the mineral should be absolutely essential for plant and cannot be substituted by any other element. The element should directly participate in the plant metabolism. The plant cannot complete its life cycle without that element.
  • Question 8
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    The fertilizer that provides all the essential elements such as N, P and K, etc and is required for plant growth is called 
    Solution
    • Other than carbon most important mineral nutrients required by plants are nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. 
    • Plants typically require large amounts of these elements, so these elements are critical for plants. 
    • A fertilizer providing these essential mineral elements will be called a complete fertilizer.

    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Necrosis means
    Solution
    Necrosis is a term which is used for cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by the destruction of a cell through the action of its own enzymes. The affected plant tissue usually turns brown to black in colour. It is not considered as a disease rather it is a symptom of distress experienced by the plant. It occurs in green tissues, leaves or in the storage organs of the plant. Dwarfing, atrophy and hypoplasia are some of the common ill effects of necrosis.
    So, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 10
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    Which of the following does NPK denote?
    Solution
    NPK is a fertiliser which is a combination of three major macro nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorous and potassium. Potassium acts an activator of many enzymes and helps in opening and closing of stomata, also maintains the osmotic potential of cells. Nitrogen helps in growth and metabolism and abundance of foliage. Phosphorus plays a key role in energy metabolism because of its presence in ATP, ADP, AMP and pyrophosphate. NPK are critical elements for the proper growth of crop plants
    So, the correct answer is 'Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium'
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