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Mineral Nutrition Test - 25

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 25
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Nif genes occur in
    Solution
    Nif genes are found in nitrogen fixing organisms and codes for nitrogenase enzyme responsible for nitrogen fixation. Rhizobium is a symbiotic nitrogen fixing organism.
  • Question 2
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    Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in non-leguminous plant is carried out by
    Solution
    Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in non-leguminous plants belonging to the family Betulaceae, Myceraceae, Rosaceae, Casuarinaceae is carried out by actinomycetes, Frankia. In Frankia nodules are formed but they are not coloured and devoid of leghaemoglobin. 
    Azotobacter is a free living aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
    Bradyrhizobium is a bacteria that fix nitrogen in the roots of leguminous plants. 
    Clostridium is a free living anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Leguminous plants are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Which one of the following statement is not correct during this process of nitrogen fixation?
    Solution

    Solution

    Correct answer is option D.
    Explanation for correct option:

    • Nitrogenase is a complex, bacterial enzyme that catalyses the ATP-dependent reduction of dinitrogen ( $$N_2$$) to ammonia $$NH_3$$.
    • Nitrogen fixation is carried out by the enzyme nitrogenase.
    • This enzyme is sensitive to oxygen, so the enzymes are rapidly inactivated in the presence of oxygen.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Knot like bodies known as 'nodules' found in the root of groundnut plant are produced by
    Solution
    Ground nut is a leguminous crop. Rhizobium are rod shaped gram negative bacteria, whose infection in roots causes nodule formation in roots of leguminous plants. Azospirillum and Acetobacter are also important nitrogen fixers but they are not associated with roots of leguminous plants. Azotobacter is free living and Azospirillum is associated with roots of grasses. Pseudomonas is a denitrifying bacteria.
    So, the correct answer is 'Rhizobium'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is important factor in causing successful infection of root hairs?
    Solution
    Soil pH is an important factor in causing successful infection of root hairs by nitrogen fixing bacteria.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following pigments is essential for nitrogen fixation by leguminous plants?
    Solution
    Leghaemoglobin is the pigment essential for nitrogen fixation in root nodules of leguminous plants. It protects the nitrogen fixing enzyme system from oxygen, which is detrimental for the enzyme system fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Phycocyanin and phycoerythrin are pigments found in cyanobacteria and red algae and anthocyanin is red purple colour pigment found in fruits, flowers and other parts of angiosperms.
    So, the correct answer is 'Leghaemoglobin'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following can fix atmospheric nitrogen directly?
    Solution
    Of the given options only pea is a leguminous crop. The leguminous crops have root nodules, which harbor root nodule bacteria, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The enzyme responsible for the reduction of molecular nitrogen to the level of ammonia in leguminous root nodule is
    Solution
    Nitrogenase is the enzyme present in root nodule bacteria, which is responsible for reduction of free nitrogen into ammonia. Nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase are the nitrogen assimilation enzymes. These are plant enzymes required for assimilation of nitrogen, that has been absorbed from soil in the form of nitrates.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Rapid deterioration of root and shoot tip occurs due to the deficiency of
    Solution
    As calcium is an important constituent of cell wall and forms middle lamella between plant cells as calcium pectate, a deficiency of calcium will affect the growing or meristematic regions of plant the most like root and shoot tip. It is the root and shoot tip, where maximum meristematic activity occurs.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Interveinal chlorosis of leaves is caused by the deficiency of
    Solution
    • Chlorosis is the yellowing of leaf tissue due to a lack of chlorophyll. 
    • Chlorosis can result in the whole plant or leaf turning light green or yellow. 
    • It can also be more localized. For example, yellowing of the veins themselves or between the veins (interveinal chlorosis). 
    • Interveinal chlorosis, often called iron chlorosis can be caused by a deficiency of several micro-nutrients; Iron, Zinc, and Manganese.
    • But the lack of iron is one of the more common nutrients associated with chlorosis.
    • The way to separate an iron deficiency from a zinc or manganese deficiency is to check what foliage turned chlorotic first. Iron chlorosis starts on the younger or terminal leaves and later works inward to the older leaves.
    • However, manganese and zinc deficiencies develop on the inner or the older leaves first and then progress outward. 
    • Plants need iron for the formation of chlorophyll. 

    So, the correct answer is option D.
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