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Mineral Nutrition Test - 36

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 36
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Etiolation in plants is caused when they
    Solution
    Light is an essential requirement for chlorophyll biosynthesis. Plants grown in dark are called etiolated plants and the phenomenon is called etiolation. The etiolated plants are tall, thin, pale in colour and devoid of chlorophyll.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Match the words in column I with the phrases in column II. Choose the answer which gives the correct combination of the alphabets of the columns.
    Column I
    Column II
    A. Magnesium
    p. Found in some amino acids
    B. Sulphur
    q. Not important for plants
    C. Iodine
    r. Structural component of chlorophyll
    D. Manganese
    s. Component of sugar

    t. Required for enzyme activity

    Solution
    Plants require 17 essential mineral nutrients for optimum growth. The mineral required in large quantity are called as macronutrients (C, H, O, P, K, N, S, Ca, Mg), whereas minerals required in smaller quantity are called as micronutrients (Fe, M, B, Cl, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni). 
    Other than these 17 essential mineral elements plants may also absorb certain nonessential minerals like iodine, gold, silver, uranium, silicon etc. from the soil. 
    Sulfur is required as a constituent of certain sulfur-containing amino acids, like cysteine and methionine. 
    Magnesium is an essential mineral component of chlorophyll. It is the central metal element coordinated to cyclic tetrapyrrole head of chlorophyll. 
    Manganese is required for normal activity of a number of carboxylase and oxidoreductase enzymes.
    So, the correct answer is 'A- r, B- p, C- q, D- t'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Unicellular symbiotic organisms that improve the yield of legumes by
    Solution
    Leguminous crops harbor root nodule bacteria in their roots. The roots are infected by Rhizobium bacteria, which after infection gets converted into bacteroids and fixes nitrogen. For the purpose of fixing nitrogen, bacterial gets energy from the host plant and in return makes available fixed nitrogen to the host plant.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is not the correct statement?
    Solution
    Correct Answer: A
    Explanation:
    • The deficiency symptoms shown by the parts of the plant depend on the mobility of elements in the plant.
    • Nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium are elements that are actively mobilized within the plants and are exported to young developing tissues.
    • Their deficiency symptoms tend to appear first in older tissues.
    • Hence, the incorrect statement is Nitrogen deficiency symptoms first appear in younger leaves.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    A plant requires magnesium for
    Solution
    Magnesium is an essential macronutrient. It is a component of chlorophyll. The porphyrin ring head of chlorophyll molecule contains magnesium. Hence, deficiency of magnesium will lead to chlorosis.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium is increased in the presence of
    Solution
    Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the process, whereby atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to ammonia in the presence of nitrogenase. Phosphorus is needed for plant growth, nodule formation and development, and ATP synthesis, each process being vital for nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation, which involves the chemical reduction of N$$_{2}$$ to NH$$_{3}$$ or NH$$_{4}$$, requires a source of electrons. Sources of electrons for the nitrogenase activity vary with the organism. They are all small proteins and highly reductive molecules such as flavodoxin, ferredoxin, nicotinamide, or adenine dinucleotide (phosphate). Thus, option C is correct. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which elements occur more in bones?
    Solution
    Animals require several mineral elements for healthy living. Calcium is the major component of bones and teeth. Calcium is also important for membrane permeability, muscle activity, blood clotting and its role as second messenger. Phosphorous along with calcium occurs in bone and teeth. Phosphorous is also a component of nucleic acids, phospholipids, ATP and some other coenzymes.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following plants have red pigment in their roots?
    Solution
    Soybean is a legume plant having root nodules, which harbor nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium. 
    Rhizobium is microaerobic bacteria and the nitrogenase enzyme is highly sensitive to oxygen. Hence, nodules consist of reddish or pinkish pigment leghemoglobin, which binds any free oxygen and prevents destruction of enzyme nitrogenase.
    So, the correct answer is 'Soybean'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The major chunk of nitrogen in nature is fixed by
    Solution

    Symbiotic nitrogen fixation occurs in plants that harbor nitrogen-fixing bacteria within their tissues. The best-studied example is the association between legumes and bacteria in the genus, Rhizobium. Each of these is able to survive independently (soil nitrates must then be available to the legume), but life together is clearly beneficial to both. Only together can nitrogen fixation take place. A symbiotic relationship in which both partners benefits is called mutualism.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a group of trace elements?
    Solution
    Minerals essential for plants can be grouped into two categories macroelements and microelements. The microelements are the trace elements which are required in small amounts only. For example, molybdenum, manganese, zinc, copper etc. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
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