Mineral Nutrition Test

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 48

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Carefully read the following reactions carried out by nitrogen fixing bacteria. Identify the statement about these equations which is true:
$$2{ NH }_{ 3 }+3{ O }_{ 2 }\longrightarrow 2N{ O }_{ 2 }^{ - }+2{ H }^{ + }+2{ H }_{ 2 }{ O }.....(A)\quad $$
$$2N{ O }_{ 2 }^{ - }+{ O }_{ 2 }\longrightarrow 2N{ O }_{ 3 }^{ - }......(B)$$

A
Step $$(A)$$ is carried out by Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus

B
Step $$(B)$$ is carried out by Nitrobacter

C
Both the steps $$(A)$$ and $$(B)$$ can be called nitrification

D
All of the above

Solution

The reactions given are the step of nitrification. This is the first step of nitrogen fixation in the nitrogen cycle. The first reaction is the conversion of ammonia to nitrite. This reaction is carried out by the Nitrosomonas and Nitrococcus. The second reaction is the conversion of the nitrite to nitrate. This reaction is carried out by Nitrobacter.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

Necrosis in crops is due to the deficiency of

A
$$Ca, K, Cu$$ and $$Mg$$.

B
$$N, K, S$$ and $$Mo$$.

C
$$N, S, Fe$$ and $$Zn$$.

D
$$Mg, S, Mn$$ and $$Ca$$.

Solution

Necrosis is the symptom of the disease that shows the death of plant cells. It can be caused by pathogens like fungi, virus and due to deficiency of nutrients such as Ca, K, Cu and Mg. K deficiency causes chlorosis which followed by the necrosis. Calcium causes curling, stunt growth which followed by necrosis and Mg causes necrosis.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

The enzyme nitrogenase is extremely sensitive to

A
Oxygen.

B
Nitrogen.

C
Hydrogen.

D
Helium.

Solution

Nitrogenase of bacteria is highly sensitive to oxygen and are thus nitrogen fixing bacteria are called microaerobic. Enzyme nitrogenase is oxygen labile. Oxygen will make the enzyme irreversibly inactive. So, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria needs to protect the nitrogenase enzyme from oxygen. Leghaemoglobin pigment present in the root nodules scavenges free oxygen so that nitrogenase can carry out its activity of nitrogen fixation unhindered.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

The element responsible for the ring structure of chlorophyll and maintenance of ribosome structure is

A
$${ Mg }^{ + }$$

B
$${ K }^{ + }$$

C
$${ Ca }^{ ++ }$$

D
$$S$$
Solution
- Magnesium helps to maintain the structural integrity of the chlorophyll pigment.
- It forms the centre of the porphyrin ring of the green plant pigment chlorophyll. It helps the plant to be able to convert light into the usable form of energy.
- It is an activator of several membrane proteins and enzymes involved in the photosynthetic reaction.
Ribosomes are generally made up of two subunits larger and the smaller which joins together to form a structural and functional component of a cell and plays an integral part in protein synthesis. Magnesium ions play an important role in joining the two fragments of ribosomes during the process of translation.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following microorganims can fix nitrogen in non-leguminous plants?

A
Rhodospirillum

B
Azotobacter

C
Frankia

D
Rhizobium

Solution

Plants cannot directly use atmospheric nitrogen. Plants absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrates, nitrites and ammonium ions. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is a process in which plant harbor nitrogen-fixing bacteria within their tissues. Microorganisms that fix nitrogen include Azotobacter, Rhizobia, Frankia. While the leguminous plants enter into a symbiotic association with rhizobia to fix nitrogen, Frankia is used by the non-leguminous plants in their symbiotic association.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

Necrosis (die-back) of the tip of young leaves is caused due to the deficiency of

A
Iron

B
Manganese

C
Zinc

D
Copper

Solution

Necrosis (die-back) of the tip of young leaves is caused due to the deficiency of iron. It is a cell injury, as a result of this, premature death of cells in living tissue by self-digestion. Its symptoms include sully of leaves, brown necrotic lesions enclosed by a bright yellow halo at the leaf margin or interior of the leaf on bean plants.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following set of elements are essential for the photosynthesis to occurs?

A
$$Cu, Co, Fe$$

B
$$Cu, Mo, Zn$$

C
$$Mg, Co, Mn$$

D
$$Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cl, P$$

Solution

Magnesium plays an important role in the process of photosynthesis because it forms the central atom of chlorophyll. Iron is required for the synthesis of chlorophyll and several electron transport proteins. Manganese is required in the photolysis of water during the process of photosynthesis. Copper participates in numerous physiological processes and is an essential cofactor for many metalloproteins. When excess copper is present in cells, it inhibits plant growth and impairs important cellular processes i.e., photosynthetic electron transport. Chlorine is an essential co-factor for photosynthesis. It also functions in the photolysis of water. Phosphorous helps in the process of photosynthesis by producing sugars and starch during the process and also helps in the conversion of these sugars into energy during the process of respiration. So, the correct answer is D.
Question 8
1 / -0

Hydroponics is otherwise called

A
Soil-less agriculture

B
Tank farming

C
Chemical gardening

D
All the above
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is responsible for biological nitrogen-fixation?

A
Nif gene

B
Nitrogenase

C
Yeast alanin tRNA synthetase

D
RNA synthetase
Solution
- The nitrogen fixation enzymes are encoded by nif genes that are present in both free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
- Primary nitrogen fixation enzyme is nitrogenase complex.
- Yeast alanine tRNA synthetase binds alanine to respective tRNA.
- RNA synthetase enzyme catalyzes RNA synthesis in RNA viruses.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

Rhizobium is found in

A
Maize root.

B
Gram root.

C
Branch of a plant.

D
Sugarcane root.

Solution

Rhizobium is the bacterium which fixes nitrogen in symbiotic association with roots of leguminous plants. Gram is one of the examples of the dicot legume plant. Initially, the bacteria grow in soil near the roots of higher plants where they fail to fix the nitrogen. These bacteria when coming in contact with leguminous plants, interact chemically and enter into roots through root hairs, and fix nitrogen with the help of the enzyme nitrogenase.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Mineral Nutrition Test - 48

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 48

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Question 1

Step $$(A)$$ is carried out by Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus

Step $$(B)$$ is carried out by Nitrobacter

Both the steps $$(A)$$ and $$(B)$$ can be called nitrification

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

$$Ca, K, Cu$$ and $$Mg$$.

$$N, K, S$$ and $$Mo$$.

$$N, S, Fe$$ and $$Zn$$.

$$Mg, S, Mn$$ and $$Ca$$.

Solution

Question 3

Oxygen.

Nitrogen.

Hydrogen.

Helium.

Solution

Question 4

$${ Mg }^{ + }$$

$${ K }^{ + }$$

$${ Ca }^{ ++ }$$

$$S$$

Solution

Question 5

Rhodospirillum

Azotobacter

Frankia

Rhizobium

Solution

Question 6

Iron

Manganese

Zinc

Copper

Solution

Question 7

$$Cu, Co, Fe$$

$$Cu, Mo, Zn$$

$$Mg, Co, Mn$$

$$Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cl, P$$

Solution

Question 8

Soil-less agriculture

Tank farming

Chemical gardening

All the above

Question 9

Nif gene

Nitrogenase

Yeast alanin tRNA synthetase

RNA synthetase

Solution

Question 10

Maize root.

Gram root.

Branch of a plant.

Sugarcane root.

Solution

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