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Mineral Nutrition Test - 54

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 54
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which group of three micronutrient elements affect both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport?
    Solution
    Cu, Mn and Fe Micronutrient elements affect both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport as follows:
    Iron(Fe) - It is an important constituent of a protein involved in the transfer of electrons like ferredoxin and cytochromes.
    Manganese(Mn) - It activates enzymes of respiration, photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism.
    Copper(Cu) - It is a component or activator of plastocyanin, cytochrome oxidase, RuBP carboxylase.
    So the correct answer is 'Cu, Mn, Fe'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Mineral associated with cytochrome is
    Solution
    Cytochromes are iron-containing protein. It helps in the generation of ATP by electron transport chain. It helps in the transfer of electrons by oxidation and reduction. The iron present in the cytochrome gets converted into Fe$$^{_2+}$$into Fe$$^{_3+}$$. It also transfers electrons between complex III and complex IV during electron transport chain. Cytochrome oxidase is a metalloprotein, integral to the mitochondrial membrane, which contains copper and iron.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Enzyme nitrogenase is required for.
    Solution
    Nitrogenase is an enzyme present in legume root roots. It is a highly sensitive enzyme to molecular oxygen required to fix atmospheric nitrogen in leguminous plants. It is made up of Mo-Fe protein and catalyses the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.
    So the correct answer is 'Nitrogen fixation'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Element essential for uptake and utilization of $$Ca^{2+}$$ and membrane function is
    Solution
    Boron (B) is a micronutrient that is needed for calcium utilisation, uptake and proper membrane function, carbohydrate translocation, root nodulation, pollen germination, synthesis of pectins, proteins and nucleic acids, cell elongation and differentiation.
    Thus the correct option is A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Mineral functioning as chemical messenger is
    Solution
    Chemical messenger is a compound that helps to transmit a message. In plants, calcium mineral functions as a chemical messenger. Intracellular calcium acts as the secondary chemical messenger. Calcium ions transport signal from the outside to the inside of the cell.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Free living bacteria that can fix N$$_2$$ in soil are
    Solution
    Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are microorganisms that are capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen (inorganic compounds which can be used by the plants). 
    Two kinds of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are recognized. They are:
    1. Free-living (non-symbiotic) bacteria: cyanobacteria (or blue-green algae), Anabaena and Nostoc and genera such as Azotobacter, Beijerinckia, and Clostridium.
    2. Mutualistic (symbiotic) bacteria:  Rhizobium, associated with leguminous plants; Frankia, associated with certain dicotyledonous species; and certain Azospirillum species, associated with cereal grasses.
    Thus, the correct answer is option (D). 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is mobile mineral element in plants?
    Solution
    Molybdenum is absorbed by the plant from the soil in the form of molybdate ions. It is a mobile mineral and required everywhere in the body by plants and more commonly found in roots. It is a component of several enzymes, including nitrogenase and nitrate reductase both of which participate in nitrogen metabolism. Also, it is essential for nitrogen fixation.
    So the correct answer is 'Mo'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    An immobile element in plants is?
    Solution
    Ca is a macronutrient that absorbed by the plant in the calcium ions from the soil. It is an immobile element in plants and required for the synthesis of cell wall during cell division, the formation of mitotic spindle and organisation of chromosome. Also, it actives several enzymes like ATPase and phospholipase. It plays important role in regulating metabolic activities in plants.
    So the correct answer is 'Calcium'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Nitrifying bacteria convert
    Solution

    Nitrification is the phenomena of conversion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. It is performed in two steps- nitrite formation and nitrate formation. In the first step, ammonium ions are oxidized to nitrites by bacteria Nitrosomonas. In the second step, nitrites are changed to nitrates by Nitrobacter. So this cycle is carried out by these nitrifying bacterias. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In plants chlorosis is caused by the deficiency of
    Solution
    Chlorosis is a condition of loss of the normal green coloration of leaves of plants due to insufficient chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Possible causes of chlorosis include poor drainage, damaged roots, compacted roots, high alkalinity, and nutrient deficiencies in the plant. The lack of iron is one of the more common nutrients associated with chlorosis. Manganese or zinc or magnesium deficiencies in the plant will also cause chlorosis. Deificient nitrogen or proteins may also cause chlorosis.   
    Thus, the correct answer is option (D). 

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