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Mineral Nutrition Test - 76

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Mineral Nutrition Test - 76
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The uptake and utilization of calcium is supported by
    Solution
    Boron is an essential micronutrient for plants. Main function of boron relate to cell wall strength and development, cell division, fruit and seed development, sugar transport and hormone development. 
    Boron is involved along with calcium (Ca) in cell wall structure. Boron is involved in the movement of Ca into the plant and in normal Ca nutrition in plants and animals.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Deficiency of iron first appears in
    Solution
    Iron Plays an important role in electron transport systems in photosynthesis and respiration and helps in energy generation. It is essential for chlorophyll synthesis. Iron is an important component of flavoproteins active in biological oxidation. It functions in iron porphyrin proteins which include peroxidases and catalases. Deficiency of iron causes marked chlorosis particularly in younger leaves and the mature leaves remain unaffected. Characteristic interveinal chlorotic spots develop and the principal veins remain typically green showing the fine network of reticulate venation. It inhibits chloroplast formation and stalks become short and slender.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which element is the constituent of thiamine, biotin, CoA and ferredoxin?
    Solution
    Sulphur is one of the essential mineral elements required by the plants. Plants absorb sulphur from the soil in the form of sulphate ions ($$SO^{2-}_4$$). It is required by young leaves and meristems. It is a constituent of vitamins like, thiamine and biotin, coenzyme-A (CoA) and ferredoxin. These are involved in various metabolic activities of plants. Sulphur is also a constituent of two amino acids methionine and cysteine.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    'Sickle leaf disease' occurs due to the deficiency of
    Solution
    Phosphorous is an essential macronutrient. It is required as component of nucleotides and nucleic acids, phospholipids, and in energy transfer reactions. It's deficiency leads to sickle leaf disease, which is characterised by chlorosis adjacent to veins, followed by leaf asymmetry.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The first symptom of chlorosis in Mg deficiency is:
    Solution
    The first symptom of chlorosis in Mg deficiency is the dropping of the old leaves followed by the young leaves. For elements that are actively mobilised within the plants and exported to young developing tissues, the deficiency symptoms tend to appear first in the older tissues. For example, the deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, potassium and magnesium are visible first in the senescent leaves. In the older leaves, biomolecules containing these elements are broken down, making these elements available for mobilizing to younger leaves.
    So, the correct answer is 'Old leaves drop down followed by young leaves'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Attractive colour of apples may be induced by reducing the supply of
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following elements form the storage elements?
    Solution
    The living systems are made up of a variety of biomolecules, like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, sulpholipids, phospholipids etc. 
    All simple and conjugate proteins are polymers of amino acids. There are 21 types of amino acids commonly found in living systems. 
    Amino acids are made up of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. In addition some amino acids also contain sulphur. Similarly phospholipids, nucleotides and other biomolecules contain phosphorous. Hence, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur are also known as the protoplasmic elements. Out of these carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are known as framework elements. Nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur are indispensable for synthesis of lipids, proteins, nucleotides and a variety of storage biomolecules.
    So, the correct answer is 'C, N, S, P'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which ion is essential for maintaining the permeability of the cell membrane?
    Solution
    Calcium is an essential macronutrient for plants. It is required in cell wall synthesis as calcium pectate, development of root and stem apices, cell membrane permeability, activator of some enzymes and for organisation of mitotic spindle. It seems plausible that the presence and / or absence of calcium ions on specific areas of ion pores/channels results in a change of the proteins shape. Calcium may affect the distribution of electrons on the protein and alter the atomic / intra-molecular bond angles.  This could modify the structural conformation of the pore / channel proteins, creating differences in membrane permeability to specific ions.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    'Khaira disease of rice' is the caused due to deficiency of
    Solution
    Zinc is an essential micronutrient. Zinc deficiency causes Khaira disease in rice grown in the calcareous soil of north India. 
    The important symptoms of Khaira disease are-
    (1) Discoloration of lower leaves (brown streaks and blotches) occurring two weeks after transplanting. 
    (2) The midrib at the base of growing leaves is sometimes chlorotic. 
    (3) Plants are stunted, and roots are scanty. 
    (4) The disorder becomes apparent after several years of rice cropping the following reclamation. 
    (5) The symptoms became more severe when bright sunny days prevail. 
    (6) The affected plants show some recovery six weeks after transplanting. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Apart from iron deficiency, chlorosis is also induced by
    Solution
    Apart from iron deficiency, chlorosis is also induced by an excess of lime.
    Chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. Lime-induced chlorosis, or leaf yellowing, is caused by alkaline soil conditions. The high alkalinity of soils can make iron or manganese unavailable to plants, causing leaf chlorosis. Pale to bright yellow leaves, particularly on the new growth, are common symptoms.
    So, the correct answer is 'Excess of lime'


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