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Digestion and Absorption Test - 12

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 12
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The wall of rectum lacks
    Solution
    Taeniae are the longitudinal ribbons composed of smooth muscles and are present in ascending transverse, descending and sigmoid colons. These taeniae then contact to produce haustra which are bulges of the colon. These taeniae spread out and unit to form longitudinal muscle layer. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In mammals, the digestion of starch starts from

    Solution
    In mouth cavity, food is chewed to break them into smaller particles. Saliva secreted from salivary gland contains an enzyme called salivary amylase or ptyalin. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the buccal cavity by amylase. The gradual degradation of carbohydrate or starch occurs by the action of amylase on the glycosidic linkages in the polysaccharide.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Pulp cavity of teeth is lined by
    Solution
    Odontoblasts are the dentine forming cells, derived from mesenchyme of neural crest origin, lining the pulp cavity of a tooth. Odontoblasts are arranged in a peripheral layer in the dental pulp.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Muscles of alimentary canal are chiefly _______________.
    Solution
    • The alimentary canal is made up of smooth muscles which are involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system. 
    • Single-unit smooth muscles are present in the alimentary canal and they can contract regularly without input from a motor neuron (myogenic) as opposed to multi-unit smooth muscle, which is neurogenic - that is, its contraction must be initiated by an autonomic nervous system neuron (neurogenic).
    • Hence, muscles of the alimentary canal are chiefly unstriated and myogenic.

    So the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The literal meaning of "gastrulation" is 
    Solution
    'Gastrulation' word is derived from Greek word 'gaster' meaning stomach and according to McEwen (1923), gastrulation refers to the formation of the primordial gastric gut or cavity called the archenteron.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is not a mammalian character?
    Solution
    • The presence of milk-producing glands (mammary glands), external and middle ears, two pairs of limbs, and skin with hair are some of the characteristic features of mammals. 
    • Most vertebrates, except mammals, have homodont teeth (anatomically and functionally similar teeth) while mammals possess heterodont teeth (different types of teeth with different functions). 

    Thus, the correct answer is option E. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Taste buds for bitter taste are found on tongue at
    Solution
    • The four basic kinds of tastes are: sweet, salty, sour and bitter. 
    • The salty/sweet taste buds are located near the front of the tongue.
    • The sour taste buds line the sides of the tongue.
    • Bitter taste buds are found at the back of the tongue. 
    • The centre of the tongue has few taste buds. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Posterior part'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Match column I with column II and choose the correct
    option.

    		Column

    		Column II
    A
    		Goblet cells
    		1
    		Antibacterial agent
    B
    		Lysozyme
    		2
    		Mucus
    C
    		Saliva
    		3
    		HCI
    D
    		Oxyntic cells
    		4
    		Sublingual gland
    Solution
    A goblet cell is a glandular simple columnar epithelial cell whose function is to secrete mucus. Lysozyme is an enzyme characterized by the ability to break down the bacterial cell wall to improve protein or nucleic acid extraction efficiency. The sublingual glands are salivary glands that lie in the floor of the mouth anterior to the submandibullar glands. Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic or delomorphous cells), are the stomach epithelial cells that secrete gastric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Removal of stomach causes
    Solution
    Dumping syndrome is a condition that develops after the removal of the stomach through surgery. In this syndrome, the contents of the stomach empty too quickly into the small intestine. The incompletely digested food draws more of the fluid into the small intestine. This results in symptoms like nausea, cramping, diarrhea, sweating, faintness, and palpitations. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Narrow distal end of stomach is called __________.
    Solution
    • The pylorus is a narrow cone-shaped constriction present at the end of the stomach and the beginning of the small intestine. 
    • It contains two regions antrum which connects the parts of the stomach and the pyloric canal which connects the stomach and small intestine. 
    • The main function of the pylorus is to prevent intestinal contents from re-entering the stomach when the small intestine contracts to limit the passage of large food particles or undigested material into the intestine. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
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