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Digestion and Absorption Test - 13

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 13
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Submucosa is thickest in
    Solution
    The submucosa is a connective tissue layer deep to and supporting the mucosa. It allows the mucosa to move flexibly during peristalsis. The submucosa contains a vascular plexus, large veins and arteries which give rise to the capillary bed of the mucosa. It is present in alimentary tract from oesophagus to rectum but it is the thickest in the oesophagus.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Upper half of oesophagus contains
    Solution
    The oesophagus is the muscular tube which has two types of muscles. The upper part of the esophagus contains striated muscle has voluntary functions like eating, breathing etc., and the lower part contains smooth muscle, with the middle part containing a mixture of both. Striped muscle or striated muscle is also called as skeletal muscles due to voluntary function. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Brush bordered epithelium is found in ?
    Solution
    Thousands of microvilli form a structure called as the brush border that is found on the apical surface of some epithelial cells or the lumenal plasma membrane of the absorptive epithelial cell is called as brush border. Brush border cells are found in two main locations: small intestine tract and the kidney
    So, the correct answer is 'Small intestine'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The first site of protein digestion is
    Solution
    Proteins are first broken down in the stomach by pepsin and proteases into peptides in the acidic condition. In the duodenum, the pancreatic enzyme trypsin continues the conversion of the polypeptides into dipeptides and tripeptides. Further along, the small intestine reduces the proteins to single amino acids. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Pylorus is situated at the junction of:
    Solution
    The stomach has four regions: cardia, fundus, body and pylorus part. The pylorus is the right narrow lower portion of the stomach between the upper stomach and the duodenum. It comprises a wide pyloric antrum and a narrow pyloric canal. It regulates the passage of food into the intestine. The cardia is the left broad upper part. The oesophagus opens into it. It is guarded by a valve called a cardiac sphincter which checks the regurgitation of food. The fundus is the small dome-like upper part that projects above the cardiac aperture. It often contains gas or air. The body is the middle main region of the stomach.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The mucosal lining of the oesophagus of mammals is made up of
    Solution
    The mucosal lining of the esophagus of mammals is made up of squamous epithelium. In humans, The type of squamous epithelium in the esophagus is stratified squamous epithelium. Squamous cells are flat cells that look similar to fish scales when viewed under the microscope. The main function of squamous epithelial cells lining the mucous layer is to protect the esophagus from abrasion due to food particles.
    So, the correct answer is 'Squamous epithelium'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Inner lining of gut, stomach and liver is composed of
    Solution
    The inner lining of the gut, stomach, and liver is composed of the simple columnar epithelium. It is a type of columnar epithelium which has columnar epithelial cells arranged in a single layer. It performs various functions such as secretion, absorption etc.
    So, the correct answer is 'simple columnar epithelium'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Intestinal villi are numerous and larger in the posterior part of the small intestine than in the anterior part because:
    Solution
    Villi are more in the jejunum and ileum (which constitute the posterior part of the small intestine) than the duodenum (proximal part) of the small intestine. The villi are lined with simple columnar epithelial cells also called enterocytes. Villi and microvilli function to increase the surface area for greater absorption of digested food.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The mucosal layer in the stomach form irregular folds known as
    Solution
    Rugae is a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ. The gastric rugae (or gastric folds) in the stomach increases the surface area for more nutrient absorption. When food enters the stomach, these rugae become stretched. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The back flow of fecal matter in the large intestine is prevented by the presence of
    Solution
    Ileo-caecal valve is present between the ileum of the small intestine and the caecum of the large intestine. It prevents faecal material from flowing back from the large to the small intestine.
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