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Digestion and Absorption Test - 16

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 16
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In which of the following, putrefying bacteria is present?
    Solution
    Putrefaction is the decomposition of proteins caused due to bacterial or fungal decomposition of organic matter. The bacteria, yeast and other organisms in the fermented food allow colon to produce good bacteria. The fermented foods increase B vitamins such as riboflavin, thiamin and niacin. The activated form of folic acid is increased, which helps in cardiovascular and cancer risks. Choline is increased, which breaks down fat in the body and liver and helps with constipation. In addition, fermentation increases glutathione, an anti aging amino acid, and enzymes needed for digestion and detoxification.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Lysozyme is found in
    Solution
    The enzyme lysozyme breaks down bacterial cell walls, which are made of a compound called peptidoglycan. Lysozyme is found in both tears and saliva.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Lactase is found in
    Solution
    Lactase is an enzyme produced by the small intestine, found in the digestive system of humans. It is essential to complete the digestion of whole milk. Lactase breaks down lactose, to glucose and galactose.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Amylolytic enzymes are produced from
    Solution
    Amylolytic enzymes are the enzymes that convert the starch into the simple sugar e.g., amylase. Amylase enzyme is secreted by the salivary gland and pancreas.
    So, the correct answer is 'Salivary glands and pancreas'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Duct of Wirsung is a duct of
    Solution
    Duct of Wirsung and duct of Santorini are found in pancreas. The pancreatic duct or duct of Wirsung (major pancreatic duct) joins the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices to the duodenum.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Amount of saliva secreted daily in humans is
    Solution
    There are three major parts of salivary glands that secrete saliva with the digestive enzyme such as parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands. Normally secretion of saliva is constant, regardless of the presence of food in the mouth. The amount of saliva secreted in 24 hours usually amounts from 1 liter to 1.5 litres. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Match the types of cells listed under column I with the secretions given under column II. Choose the answer.

    		Column I
    (Types of cells)

    		Column II
    (Secretions)
    A
    		Beta cells
    		p
    		Lysozyme
    B
    		Mast cells
    		q
    		Histamine
    C
    		Paneth cells
    		r
    		Insulin
    D
    		Acinar cells
    		s
    		Pancreatic enzymes
    Solution
    • Beta cells are a type of cell in the pancreas located in the islets of Langerhans. Beta cells produce, store and release the hormone insulin. 
    • Mast cells are found in connective tissue that contains numerous basophilic granules and releases substances such as heparin and histamine in response to injury or inflammation. 
    • Paneth cells are a specialized type of epithelial cells found in the mucous membrane lining of the small intestine. Paneth cells secrete lysozyme, which has antimicrobial activity. 
    • The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    One of the constituents of the pancreatic juice while poured into the duodenum in humans, is
    Solution
    Enterokinase is an enzyme produced by cells of the duodenum converts trypsinogen (precursor of trypsin) into its active form trypsin, resulting in the subsequent activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes. Trypsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks the the dipeptides into the simpler form.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which group contains biocatalysts?
    Solution
    Enzymes are biocatalysts and like catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction and participate in a reaction but are not consumed in it. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Pro rennin is secreted by
    Solution
    Digestion of proteins occurs in stomach and intestine. The protein hydrolyzing enzymes are called proteases and peptidases. All these enzymes are secreted in inactive form and are called proenzymes, because if secreted in active form, these would hydrolyse cellular and extracellular proteins of the organism itself. Proenzymes (propepsin, prorennin etc) are activated either by optimal pH or some specific protease only at the sites of their action.
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