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Digestion and Absorption Test - 19

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 19
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product?

    Solution
    Amylase digests complex starch (polysaccharide) molecules into smaller, simpler maltose (disaccharide) molecules. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Carboxy peptidase is an enzyme secreted by
    Solution
    Pancreatic juice is secreted by the pancreas. It is composed of various digestive enzymes like trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, carboxypeptidase, lipase, nucleases and amylase. These enzymes help in the further breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Carboxypeptidase enzyme, secreted by the pancreas, along with trypsin and chymotrypsin enzymes complete the digestion of proteins. Amylase is secreted by a salivary gland which helps in carbohydrate digestion.
    Pepsinogen, the precursor of pepsin, and lipase enzymes are secreted by the stomach. Pepsin helps in protein digestion and lipase helps in lipid digestion.
    Secretin hormone is released by the duodenum (part of small intestine) that stimulate secretion by the liver and pancreas.
    Gall bladder do not secrete any enzyme. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Pancreas'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    If pancreas is removed, which of the following compounds remain undigested?
    Solution
    The pancreatic enzymes have following functions:
    1. Amylase digests the remaining complex carbohydrates into sugars by maltase, sucrase and lactase
    2. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase all digest proteins
    3. Lipase digests triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides. 
    Hence without pancreas digestion cannot take place.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease are secreted by
    Solution
    Deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease are the nucleases which catalyze the degradation of DNA and RNA respectively. They bring about the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester bonds. These enzymes are present in the digestive juice and are secreted by acinar cells of the pancreas in their active forms along with other enzymes such as lipase and amylase. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following digest proteins into peptides?
    Solution
    Pepsin is an enzyme whose zymogen (pepsinogen) is released by the chief cells in the stomach and degrades proteins into peptides.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Trypsin a digestive enzyme occurs in which part of GI tract, acts on and works in which condition
    Solution
    • Trypsin  is a serine protease found in the digestive system of many vertebrates, where it hydrolyzes proteins. 
    • Trypsin is the active form of trypsinogen, secreted by the pancreas into the duodenum, which is activated by enterokinase secreted by the cells of the small intestine. 
    • In the duodenum, trypsin catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, breaking down proteins into smaller peptides which occurs in the small intestine where a slightly alkaline environment (about pH 8). Hence, Trypsin a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas and works in the alkaline medium.
    So, the correct answer is 'Protein in the duodenum in an alkaline medium'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In vertebrates, lacteals are found in
    Solution
    Lacteals are lymphatic vessels found in small intestinal villi. While other nutrients such as amino acids and saccharides are absorbed into the blood stream, lacteals absorb fat. Occurring in the fingerlike villi of the ileum, lacteals have a milky appearance and drain into the lymphatic system. Before fat can pass into the lacteal, bile from the liver causes its emulsification into small droplets for attack by the enzyme lipase. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    If pH of a protein is 1.6, which enzyme will digest it?
    Solution
    All the enzymes are affected by changes in pH. The enzymes work optimally at the particular pH. This pH is known as the optimum pH. The pH above or below the optimum pH will affect the enzyme activity. 
    The optimum pH of trypsin is 7.8 -8.7.
    The optimum pH of pepsin is 1.5 -1.6.
    The optimum pH of amylase is 6.7 -7.
    The optimum pH of erepsin is around 8.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Ptyalin acts upon
    Solution
    Ptyalin is a form of amylase in the saliva of humans and some animals that catalyze the hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Digestion is
    Solution
    Correct option: C

    Explanation: 
    • Digestion is a chemical process involving conversion of non-diffusible food particle into diffusible food particle.
    • It involves the breakdown of food into smaller components, which can be easily absorbed in small intestine of the body. 
    • Water absorption takes place in the large intestine. Absorption is a different stage after digestion.
    Thus, Option C is correct.
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