Digestion and Absorption Test

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 22

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Question 1
1 / -0

Salivary amylase is stimulated by

A
$$K^{+}$$

B
$$N^{+}$$

C
$$HCO_{3}^{-}$$

D
$$Cl^{-}$$

Solution

Salivary amylase is secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth. This enzyme is involved in partial digestion of carbohydrates. The carbohydrates in food are broken down to maltose. Maltose is further digested into glucose in the small intestine. The chloride ion is involved in the allosteric activation of salivary amylases by binding at the allosteric site of amylase. Thus the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

In horses, rabbits and hares, the cellulose gets digested in the

A
Caecum

B
Stomach

C
Appendix

D
Rumen

Solution

The caecum is a bag-like structure that links the large intestine to the ileum. In herbivores such as horses, rabbits and hares the caecum is highly enlarged. It acts as a storage organ for the gut microbes that digest cellulose. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Ptyalin is inactivated by a component of gastric juice known as

A
Pepsin

B
Mucus

C
Rennin

D
HCl

Solution

The low pH in the stomach stops starch digestion because ptyalin (salivary amylase) , an enzyme to hydrolyze starch (carbohydrates) is active only when the pH is about 6.8 to 7 (in the mouth). A gastric gland in stomach secrets juice contains HCl which make stomach acidic. Hence ptyalin is inactive in the stomach, thereby stopping starch digestion.
Question 4
1 / -0

Just as hydrochloric acid : pepsinogen so is

A
Enterokinase : trypsinogen

B
Haemoglobin : oxygen

C
Bile juice : fat

D
Glucagon : glycogen
Solution
Correct option: A

Explanation:
In the stomach, gastric cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin), it gets activated by hydrochloric acid into pepsin, Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
Likewise, Enterokinase is an enzyme produced by duodenum cells, which converts trypsinogen into active form of trypsin. Trypsin in turn activates other pancreatic enzymes. It is similar to the activation of pepsin. Option A is correct.
Haemoglobin is a protein found in blood which binds to four oxygen molecules for transportation of oxygen in the cells.
Bile juice is produced in liver. it breaks down fats into fatty acids, which gets absorbed in the gut.
Glucagon is produced by pancreas, which increase blood sugar levels in the body. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals. It is produced and stored in liver.
Thus, Option A is correct.
Question 5
1 / -0

The above scheme is showing the fate of carbohydrates during digestion in the human alimentary canal. Identify the enzymes acting at stages indicated as A, B, C and D. Choose the best option from those given below.

A
$$A= amylase, B = maltase, C = lactase , D = invertase $$

B
$$A= amylase, B = maltase, C = invertase, D = lactase $$

C
$$A= amylase, B = invertase, C = maltase, D = lactase $$

D
$$A= amylase, B = lactase, C = maltase, D = invertase $$

Solution

Amylase is an enzyme that breaks starch into sugar. Amylase is present in human saliva, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Lactase is an enzyme produced by the small intestine, found in the digestive system of humans. Lactase is essential for the complete digestion of whole milk. Maltase catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose to the simple sugar glucose. This enzyme is found in plants, bacteria, and yeast. Invertase hydrolyzes sucrose to give the mixture of glucose and fructose.
Question 6
1 / -0

Bile salts act as activator of which of the following enzyme?

A
Pepsinogen

B
Trypsinogen

C
Lipase

D
Pancreatic amylase

Solution

Bile salts are released by the liver in the small intestine which activates the lipase for fat digestion. It emulsify fat globules into smaller micelles, increasing the surface area accessible to lipid hydrolyzing enzymes. The bile salts also help to solubilize lipid breakdown products (e.g., mono and diacylglycerols formed from hydrolysis of triacylglycerols).
Question 7
1 / -0

Disaccharide which gives two molecules of glucose is ____________.

A
Lactose

B
Sucrose

C
Maltose

D
Galactose

Solution

Maltose is composed of two molecules of glucose.
So, the correct answer is 'Maltose'
Question 8
1 / -0

Assertion : Trypsin helps in blood digestion of predator animals.

Reason : Trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen

A
If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

is a correct explanation of the assertion

B
If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

not a correct explanation of the assertion

C
If the assertion is true but the reason is false

D
If both the assertion and reason are false

E
If the assertion is false but reason is true

Solution

Trypsin is protein digesting enzyme present in the intestine of animals. Though it cannot digest casein (a milk protein), in predator animals drinking the blood of their prey, trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen of blood into fibrin, leading to blood coagulation thus help in blood digestion. It also activates other pancreatic proteases.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following carries glucose from the digestive tract to the liver?

A
Hepatic artery

B
Pulmonary vein

C
Hepatic portal vein

D
Renal portal system

Solution

The blood that comes from the digestive tract contains absorbed food like glucose and amino acids; it is carried to the liver through the hepatic portal vein.
Question 10
1 / -0

Movement of alimentary canal does not help in slipping down of food is

A
Peristalsis movement

B
Pendular (segmentary) movement

C
Both

D
None

Solution

Certain muscular contraction of alimentary canal such as segmentary/pendular are responsible for churning and mixing of the food thoroughly with digestive juices not for propel.

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 22

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 22

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Question 1

$$K^{+}$$

$$N^{+}$$

$$HCO_{3}^{-}$$

$$Cl^{-}$$

Solution

Question 2

Caecum

Stomach

Appendix

Rumen

Solution

Question 3

Pepsin

Mucus

Rennin

HCl

Solution

Question 4

Enterokinase : trypsinogen

Haemoglobin : oxygen

Bile juice : fat

Glucagon : glycogen

Solution

Question 5

$$A= amylase, B = maltase, C = lactase , D = invertase $$

$$A= amylase, B = maltase, C = invertase, D = lactase $$

$$A= amylase, B = invertase, C = maltase, D = lactase $$

$$A= amylase, B = lactase, C = maltase, D = invertase $$

Solution

Question 6

Pepsinogen

Trypsinogen

Lipase

Pancreatic amylase

Solution

Question 7

Lactose

Sucrose

Maltose

Galactose

Solution

Question 8

If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reasonis a correct explanation of the assertion

If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason isnot a correct explanation of the assertion

If the assertion is true but the reason is false

If both the assertion and reason are false

If the assertion is false but reason is true

Solution

Question 9

Hepatic artery

Pulmonary vein

Hepatic portal vein

Renal portal system

Solution

Question 10

Peristalsis movement

Pendular (segmentary) movement

Both

None

Solution

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If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

is a correct explanation of the assertion

If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

not a correct explanation of the assertion