Digestion and Absorption Test

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 45

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In the stomach, curdling of milk is due to the action of

A
Pepsin

B
Rennin

C
HCI

D
Renin

Solution

Chymosin is known as rennin, is a proteolytic enzyme synthesized by chief cells in the stomach. Its role in digestion is to curdle or coagulate milk in the stomach, a process of considerable importance in the very young animal. If milk were not coagulated, it would rapidly flow through the stomach and miss the opportunity for initial digestion of its proteins.
Chymosin efficiently converts liquid milk to a semisolid like cottage cheese, allowing it to be retained for longer periods in the stomach. Chymosin secretion is maximal during the first few days after birth, and declines thereafter, replaced in effect by secretion of pepsin as the major gastric protease.
Chymosin is secreted as an inactive proenzyme called prochymosin that, like pepsin, is activated on exposure to acid. Chymosin is also similar to pepsin in being most active in acidic environments, which makes sense considering its mission.
Question 2
1 / -0

In a villus, some of the glycerol and fatty acids are combined to form fats, coated with proteins and then transported as chylomicrons to the

A
Lacteal

B
Capillaries

C
Lumen of the small intestine

D
Lumen of the large intestine

Solution

Lacteal is part of the lymphatic system. It is one of the lymphatic vessels that serve the small intestine and after a meal, become white from the minute fat globules that their lymph contains. It facilitates the transportation of digested fats from the villi of the small intestine. The chylomicrons are lipoproteins, special particles that are designed for the transport of lipids in the circulation.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Brunner's glands are present in the

A
Stomach

B
Pancreas

C
Small intestine

D
Oesophagus

Solution

Brunner's glands are found in the duodenum. These glands produce alkaline mucus, which neutralizes the acid from the stomach as it enters the duodenum. Brunner's glands help protect the duodenal lining. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Chief function of HCI is

A
To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro-organisms

B
To facilitate absorption

C
To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin

D
To dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach

Solution

Hydrochloric acid, also called as HCl, is a clear, highly corrosive liquid. HCl is one of the many chemicals released in our stomach when we eat a meal. The role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, along with the other gastric juices, is to break down foods and cause the release of enzymes that further aid digestion. HCl also has another important role to play in the stomach during the digestion process. The presence of HCl in the body of the stomach causes the activation of enzymes. One of the proteins in HCl is used to convert the enzyme pepsinogen into pepsin. Pepsin breaks up the peptides from the protein.
Question 5
1 / -0

A digestive enzyme, salivary amylase, in the saliva being digestion of

A
Protein

B
Nucleic acids

C
Fats

D
Carbohydrates
Solution
First, salivary glands in your mouth make salivary amylase, which begins the digestive process by breaking down starch when you chew your food, converting it into maltose, a smaller carbohydrate.
The breakdown of starch is just one of the many steps in the process of digestion. Although digestion begins in the mouth, it continues in the stomach and intestines.
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch to sugar. The amylase in the mouth, salivary amylase, is called ptyalin.
Ptyalin can do digestive can work in the stomach for several hours. Iodine and Benedict's solution is used to recognize starch and sugar (maltose) in our saliva.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

The digestive system processes food into usable and unusable materials. The usable materials are sent to the body's cells as food and unusable material goes into the

A
Pancreas to await disposal

B
Right ventricle to await disposal

C
Large intestine to await disposal

D
Small intestine to await disposal

Solution

The process in which the complex and insoluble contents of food are converted into simpler and soluble substances, suitable for absorption and assimilation is called digestion. The food is digested by the digestive system with the help of digestive enzymes. The usable materials are absorbed by the small intestine and the unusable food is passed on to the large intestine where the water is absorbed and moves to the anus for removal. Hence, the digestive system processes food into usable and unusable materials. The usable materials are sent to the body's cells as food and unusable material goes into the large intestine to await disposal.
So, the correct option is 'Large intestine to await disposal'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Chief function of HCl is to

A
Maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro organisms

B
Facilitate both digestion and absorption

C
Maintain low pH, to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin

D
Dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach

Solution

Chief function of HCl is to maintain low pH, to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin.
Some of the important functions of HCl are
(i) Kills ingested bacteria.
(ii) Provides acidic medium for protein digestion.
(iii) Converts inactive pepsinogen and pro-renin into active pepsin and rennin respectively.
(iv) Regulates opening closing of pyloric sphincter.
(v) Prevents putrefaction of food in stomach.
(vi) Excess secretion of HCl damages gastric mucosa and causes gastric and duodenal ulcers.
(vii) HCl splits nucleoproteins into nucleic acids and proteins.
Question 8
1 / -0

Ileum is

A
First part of the small intestine

B
Middle part of the small intestine

C
Last part of the small intestine

D
Not a part of the small intestine

Solution

The small intestine is the most important part of the digestive system where digestion and absorption of nutrients take place. The small intestine can be divided into 3 major regions. The first part is duodenum that connects the pyloric sphincter of the stomach. It is the shortest region of the small intestine, measuring only about 10 inches in length. The second part is the jejunum that serves as the primary site of nutrient absorption. It measures around 3 feet in length. The last part of small intestine is the ileum that is about 6 feet long and completes the absorption of nutrients that were missed in the jejunum
So, the correct answer is 'Last part of the small intestine'
Question 9
1 / -0

The large intestine is ........ than small intestine.

A
Wider and taller

B
Fatter and shorter

C
Wider and fatter

D
Wider and shorter

Solution

The small intestine in adults is a long and narrow tube about 7 meters (23 feet) long. The large intestine is so called because it is wide in diameter. However, it is shorter than the small intestine, only about 1.5 meters (5 feet) long.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Brunner's glands are present in

A
Duodenum

B
Oesophagus

C
Ileum

D
Stomach

Solution

Brunner's glands are compound tubular glands found only in the submucosa of the duodenum. They produce mucoid fluid, which protects the duodenal mucosa from acidic chyme coming from the stomach.
So, the correct answer is 'Duodenum'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Digestion and Absorption Test - 45

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 45

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pepsin

Rennin

HCI

Renin

Solution

Question 2

Lacteal

Capillaries

Lumen of the small intestine

Lumen of the large intestine

Solution

Question 3

Stomach

Pancreas

Small intestine

Oesophagus

Solution

Question 4

To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro-organisms

To facilitate absorption

To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin

To dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach

Solution

Question 5

Protein

Nucleic acids

Fats

Carbohydrates

Solution

Question 6

Pancreas to await disposal

Right ventricle to await disposal

Large intestine to await disposal

Small intestine to await disposal

Solution

Question 7

Maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro organisms

Facilitate both digestion and absorption

Maintain low pH, to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin

Dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach

Solution

Question 8

First part of the small intestine

Middle part of the small intestine

Last part of the small intestine

Not a part of the small intestine

Solution

Question 9

Wider and taller

Fatter and shorter

Wider and fatter

Wider and shorter

Solution

Question 10

Duodenum

Oesophagus

Ileum

Stomach

Solution

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