Digestion and Absorption Test

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 58

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Glycosidic link is broken in digestion of

A
Starch

B
Protein

C
Lipid

D
All of these

Solution

The bond formed between two monosaccharides is called a glycosidic bond. It is normally formed between the carbon-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. The formation of glycosidic bond involves the condensation of water molecules. It is a covalent bond. Starch is formed by a-1,4 linkages between two glucose unit which is broken down during its digestion.
Question 2
1 / -0

In human beings, the three pair of salivary glands and numerous buccal glands produce about

A
$$0.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

B
$$1.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

C
$$2.0 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

D
$$2.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

Solution

The amount of saliva produced by a healthy human ranges from 0.75 to 1.5 liters per day. Sub-mandibular gland contributes 70-75% of secretion, while parotid gland secretes 20-25% and small amount is secreted by other salivary glands.
Question 3
1 / -0

Two friends are eating together at a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing while swallowing some food. This coughing would have been due to improper movement of:

A
Epiglottis

B
Diaphragm

C
Neck

D
Tongue
Solution
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
- The cartilaginous structure called epiglottis is a flap of elastic gristle tissue lined with mucosa, hooked up to the entrance of the vocal organ. It barriers the entry of food into the larynx and routes it to the esophagus.
- One may instantly start coughing while swallowing food because of the improper movement of the epiglottis. Hence, improper movement of epiglottis leads to cough while swallowing food.
Question 4
1 / -0

Identify the correctly matched structure and its secretion

A
Brunner's gland - Salivary amylase

B
Intestinal mucosa - Insulin

C
Gall bladder - Bile

D
Salivary gland - Lysozyme

Solution

Brunner's gland- mucus rich alkaline secretion. Intestinal mucosa- Goblet cells(secreting mucus). Gall bladder- stores and concentrates the bile. Goblet cells- mucus. So, the right option is D.
Question 5
1 / -0

Match the following. Identify the correct match between Set-I and Set-II.
Set-I Set-II
A) Insulin I) Stomach
B) Pepsinogen II) Salivary gland
C) Bilirubin III) Liver
D) Ptyalin IV) Intestine
V) Pancreas

A
A- V, B- I, C- III, D- II

B
A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- V

C
A- IV, B- III, C- I, D- II

D
A- V, B- II, C- I, D- IV

Solution

Insulin is released from the beta cells of Langerhans of the pancreas in response to the glucose level in blood. Pepsinogen is a digestive enzyme produced in the stomach. It breaks proteins into smaller peptides. Bilirubin is the breakdown product of red blood cells. It is processed by the liver and excreted from the body. Ptyalin is an enzyme. It is also called as alpha-amylase. It is produced by salivary gland. It breaks starch into simpler sugars.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Microorganisms commonly causing diarrhoeal diseases are

A
Escherichia coli, Shigella, Campylobacter and Bacillus pertussis

B
Clostridium tetani, Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli

C
Escherichia coli, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella

D
Neisseria, Treponema, Escherichia, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella

Solution

Diarrhoea is a common symptom of gastrointestinal infections caused by a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and protozoa. However, just a handful of organisms are responsible for most acute cases of childhood diarrhoea. Other major bacterial pathogens include E. coli, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella, along with V. cholerae during epidemics.
So, the correct option is 'Option C'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Wharton's duct is associated with

A
Brunner's gland

B
Sublingual salivery gland

C
Submaxillary salivary gland

D
Parotid salivary gland

Solution

A. Brunner's glands are found in the duodenum region of small intestine. Their secretions protect the walls of the intestine from the action of gastric juices.
B. Sublingual salivary glands are the smallest glands present beneath the tongue These open at the floor of buccal cavity through ducts of Rivinus.
C. Submaxillary salivary gland are also called submandibular glands. These are medium sized glands and the duct of these glands is called Wharton's duct that opens in the oral cavity near the lower central incisors.
D. Parotid salivary glands are the largest salivary glands of the body. The duct of these glands is called Stenson's duct.
So, the correct answer is 'Submaxillary salivary gland'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is known as master endocrine gland?

A
Adrenal gland

B
Thryoid gland

C
Pituitary gland

D
Pineal gland

Solution

The pituitary gland is called the "master" gland of the endocrine system, because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea and is located at the base of the brain. Hormones are always secreted into blood by ductless endocrine glands and are carried to the target organs or cells through the blood circulation. Some of the hormones secreted by pituitary gland will control the activities of most parts of human body. But some other hormones secreted by this gland will control the secretions of other endocrine glands of human body namely the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. Hence this gland is also known as master gland.
so, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

Inadequate protein intake leads to Kwashiorkor . The subsequent oedema is most closely related to inadequate synthesis of which protein ?

A
Gamma globulin

B
Glucagon

C
Insulin

D
Albumin
Solution
- Kwashiorkor, a disease of protein malnutrition, causes low level of blood proteins (serum albumins), which cause poor return of tissue fluid through capillaries. It leads to the swelling of tissues through increase of its tissue fluid which results into oedema.
- So,(D) albumin is the correct option.
Question 10
1 / -0

Marasmus occurs due to

A
Protein deficiency

B
Carbohydrate deiency

C
Fat defiency

D
None of these

Solution

Marasmus is one of the three forms of serious protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). The other two forms are kwashiorkor (KW) and marasmic KW. Marasmus is a condition primarily caused by a deficiency in calories and energy, whereas kwashiorkor indicates an associated protein deficiency, resulting in an edematous appearance.
So, the correct option is 'Protein deficiency'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Set-I	Set-II
A) Insulin	I) Stomach
B) Pepsinogen	II) Salivary gland
C) Bilirubin	III) Liver
D) Ptyalin	IV) Intestine
	V) Pancreas

Digestion and Absorption Test - 58

Result

Digestion and Absorption Test - 58

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Starch

Protein

Lipid

All of these

Solution

Question 2

$$0.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

$$1.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

$$2.0 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

$$2.5 {dm}^{3}$$ of saliva per day

Solution

Question 3

Epiglottis

Diaphragm

Neck

Tongue

Solution

Question 4

Brunner's gland - Salivary amylase

Intestinal mucosa - Insulin

Gall bladder - Bile

Salivary gland - Lysozyme

Solution

Question 5

A- V, B- I, C- III, D- II

A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- V

A- IV, B- III, C- I, D- II

A- V, B- II, C- I, D- IV

Solution

Question 6

Escherichia coli, Shigella, Campylobacter and Bacillus pertussis

Clostridium tetani, Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella

Neisseria, Treponema, Escherichia, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella

Solution

Question 7

Brunner's gland

Sublingual salivery gland

Submaxillary salivary gland

Parotid salivary gland

Solution

Question 8

Adrenal gland

Thryoid gland

Pituitary gland

Pineal gland

Solution

Question 9

Gamma globulin

Glucagon

Insulin

Albumin

Solution

Question 10

Protein deficiency

Carbohydrate deiency

Fat defiency

None of these

Solution

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