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Digestion and Absorption Test - 66

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 66
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Food is largely absorbed in 
    Solution
    • Stomach - It is a hotbed of digestive activity, but approximately nothing (except alcohol) is absorbed there. 
    • Oesophagus - Absolutely nothing is absorbed in the oesophagus. The oesophagus is a tube that connects the throat and the stomach. If the mouth is the gateway to the body, then the esophagus is a highway for food and drink to travel along to make it to the stomach. 
    • Small Intestine - It is the site of all nutrient absorption, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and water, as well as vitamins and minerals.
    • Colon - It extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body and is the site in which flora-aided (largely bacterial) fermentation of unabsorbed material occurs.
    •  Unlike the small intestine, the colon does not play a major role in the absorption of foods and nutrients.

    So. the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Marasmus is caused by
    Solution
    • Marasmus is a disorder that occurs due to the deficiency of protein as well as calories mean prolonged starvation leads to it. Usually occurs in children age 0 to 5 and the child becomes very thin, becomes dehydrated, shrinks the stomach, etc.

    So, the correct option is 'Prolonged starvation'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Transverse folds on the walls of intestine are....
    Solution
    Transverse folds on the walls of the intestine are vills. This increases the surface area for the absorption of secreted digestive enzymes.
    So, the correct option is 'villi'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Carbohydrates in the chyme are hydrolysed to disaccharide by amylase of 
    Solution
    The chyme produced by digestion in the stomach is passed on to the small intestine for further digestion and absorption where the enzyme pancreatic amylase of the pancreatic juice converts the carbohydrates present in the chyme into disaccharides and monosaccharides. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Pancreatic juice'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Select in incorrect statement :
    a) alimentary canal begins with an anterior cavity called buccal cavity.
    b) tooth is embedded in a socket of mandible bone only 
    c) human shows strict diphyodont type of dentition .
    d) oesophagus and the trachea open into the phatynx 
    Solution
    Alimentary canal is also called as digestive tract. It starts in the mouth followed by buccal cavity and ends at the anus. The digestion starts in the anterior cavity called buccal cavity. Teeth are embedded in a socket of mandible (lower jaw) and maxilla (upper jaw). These sockets are called as tooth sockets. Human shows both diphyodont and monophyodont types of dentition. In diphyodont dentition, there are 2 sets of teeth, namely deciduous and permanent set. In monophyodont dentition, there is only 1 set of teeth. In humans, molar teeth show monophyodont dentition and rest teeth show diphyodont dentition. Pharynx is part of both digestive and respiratory system. Pharynx opens into oesophagus in digestive system and larynx in respiratory system. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'a, b , c & d.'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The  part of the alimentary canal that starts from the middle segment of clitellum and extends up to the last segment is
    Solution
    The alimentary canal of earthworm has the following parts:
    1. Mouth- 1st segment
    2. Buccal cavity- middle of 3$$^{rd}$$ segment
    3. Pharynx- 3$$^{rd}$$ to 4$$^{th}$$ segment
    4. Oesophagus- 5$$^{th}$$ to 7$$^{th}$$ segment
    5. Gizzard- 8$$^{th}$$ to 9$$^{th}$$ segment
    6. Stomach- 10$$^{th}$$ to 14$$^{th}$$ segment
    7. Intestine- 15$$^{th}$$ to last segment (middle segment of clitellum starts from 15th segment)
    8. Anus- Last segment
    The clitellum of earthworm lies in 14$$^{th}$$, 15$$^{th}$$, 16$$^{th}$$, and 17$$^{th}$$ segment. From the 15$$^{th}$$ segment, the intestine begins and continues till the last segment which ends in the anus.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Intestine'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Pick up the correct pairing.
    Solution
    • The mouth cavity receives the salivary amylase from the salivary gland. This enzyme works on the digestion of carbohydrates while the food is being chewed. Around 40% of carbohydrates are digested in the mouth cavity.
    • The small intestine is the site for the digestion of all the nutrients.
    • Pancreas release the pancreatic juice containing enzymes for protein digestion in the small intestine.
    • The liver secretes bile in the small intestine for the emulsification of fats.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Mouth cavity - carbohydrate digestion'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Gastric glands, crypts of Liberkuhn, goblet cells are formed by
    Solution
    • The gastric glands are located in different regions of the stomach. The glands are present in lamina propria of the mucous membrane or mucosa.
    • The epithelium of the villi extends down into the lamina propria of the mucosa and form crypts of Liberkuhn.
    • Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells which are present in the mucosa. The main function of goblet cells is to secrete mucous.
    So, the correct answer is 'Mucosa'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Given below is a diagrammatic representation of the duct systems of the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. If the duct labeled 'A' is blocked, which of the following will not occur in the body? 

    Solution
    The duct labeled as 'A' in the given diagram is the hepato-pancreatic duct. The bile duct and the pancreatic duct open together into the duodenum as the common hepato-pancreatic duct. If the hepato-pancreatic duct is blocked the pancreatic and hepatic enzymes will not reach the intestine. Due to this, the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats will not occur.
    So, the correct answer is 'Option D'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Part of alimentary canal meant for reabsorption of the maximum  $$H_{2}O$$ is
    Solution
    The small intestine is the part of the alimentary canal that is responsible for the complete digestion and the maximum absorption of the nutrients due to the presence of villi. Water is absorbed maximum in small intestines and then the rest of the absorption occurs in the large intestine.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Small intestine'
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