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Digestion and Absorption Test - 72

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 72
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The water from the digested food is mainly absorbed by
    Solution
    Colon is part of the large intestine that reabsorbs fluids and processes digested food for elimination.
    So, the correct answer is 'Colon'
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following organ is majorly involved in digestion?
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Cuboidal epithelium with brush border of microvilli is found in : 
    Solution
    Cuboidal epithelium with brush border of microvilli is found in the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron.
    Thus, the correct answer is (B).
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    We eat food, which is composed of all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. After digestion, these are absorbed in the form of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol etc. What mechanisms are involved in absorption of digested food and water?
    Solution
    Diffusion is a process in which the molecules intermingle due to their kinetic energy and movement of molecules is from higher concentration to lower concentration. Osmosis is a process in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. Digested food can pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the small intestine through the process of diffusion and water present in the ingested food is absorbed by the process of osmosis. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following shows correct pairing for salivary glands in man?
    Solution
    • The salivary juice from the glands to the oral cavity moves through the salivary duct. 
    • The parotid gland and the buccal mucosa is connected by the parotid duct (Stensen duct). 
    • The submandibular duct (Wharton duct) connects the submandibular gland to the floor of the mouth. 
    • The sublingual gland drains through numerous small ducts all of which open into the floor of the mouth and are collectively termed the duct of Rivinus. 

    So, the correct answer is 'Parorid $$\rightarrow$$Duct of Stensen, submaxillary $$\rightarrow$$ Wharton's duct; sublingual $$\rightarrow$$ Duct of rivinus'.
  • Question 6
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    Which of the following is a proteolytic enzyme?

    Solution
    Proteolytic enzymes are that enzyme that can perform proteolysis or breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides and amino acids. The digestive enzymes Pepsin, Trypsin and Chymotrypsin break down the proteins in food in the human digestive system. Renin plays an important role in the digestion of casein (milk protein) in newborns. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Correctly arrange the parts of the alimentary canal in descending order.
    Solution
    Parts of the alimentary canal in descending order is -
    1. Mouth is the first part of the alimentary canal. It has a tongue and 32 teeth and salivary glands, which helps in digestion. Teeth breaks the food into small fragments saliva starts digestion of starch in food and make the food into bolus which is easy for swallowing.
    2. Oesophagus is also     known as the food pipe. It is a muscular tube which moves the bolus from mouth to stomach. 
    3. Stomach is a muscular, hollow, dilated part of the digestive system. It secretes protein-digesting enzymes called proteases, pepsin and strong acids to aid in food digestion.
    4. Intestine is most important part of the digestive system where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place and following large intestine. The small intestine is composed of a duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The large intestine also called the colon or the large bowel. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    What is common among amylase, rennin and trypsin?

    Solution
    The common feature between rennin, amylase and trypsin are that these are protein enzymes. They act on the substrates starch , protein and lactose respectively.

  • Question 9
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    A patient is generally advised to specially consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from -
    Solution
    • A patient is generally advised to consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in the diet only when he is suffering from Protein Energy Malnutrition(PEM) such as Kwashiorkor.
    • Kwashiorkor generally occurs in babies greater than 1 year of age. This defect occurs if the mother's milk is replaced with a low protein but high carbohydrate diet. The affected baby has a protruded belly and fat layer beneath the skin.
    So, the correct answer is 'Option C-Kwashiorkor'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    It is believed that height of a child depends upon the genes inherited from parents. However, it is often seen that tall parents may have short children and vice-versa. Are there factors other than genes, that can cause these variations?
    Solution
    Growing taller and nutrition are closely correlated. The process of cell division and their development requires an adequate supply of energy, amino acids, water, lipids, vitamins and minerals. With food, people receive about 50 essential nutrients for growth. Inadequate amounts of food or too low caloric food is the primary cause for growth failure, especially when the growth velocity is high in children. 
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