Digestion and Absorption Test

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 75

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Question 1
1 / -0

Inadequate protein intake leads to Kwashiorkor. The subsequent edema is most closely related to inadequate synthesis of which protein?

A
Gamma globulin

B
Glucagon

C
Insulin

D
Albumin

Solution

Kwashiorkor is associated with a decrease in serum proteins. The drop is particularly striking in liver-synthesized protein i.e. albumin ( < 2 g/dl against 3-4.5 g/dl ) and lipoproteins. The protein synthesis in liver is dependent upon the supply of alimentary amino acids after each meal. So later if the protein deficiency persist there is again a drop in the level of albumin synthesis which can be noticed immediately.
The ingestion of protein rich food can control kwashiorkor. The treatment can be monitored by measuring plasma albumin concentration, disappearance of edema and gain in body weight.
Question 2
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Match the digestive juices with the enzymes given under. Choose the choice which gives the correct combination of the alphabets of the two columns.
List I (Digestive juices) List II (Enzymes)
A Saliva p Maltase
B Gastric juice q Trypsinogen
C Pancreatic juice r Ptyalin
D Intestinal juice s Pepsin
t Cellulase

A
A- r, B- s, C- q, D- p

B
A- s, B- r, C- p, D- t

C
A- r, B- t, C- p, D- q

D
A- r, B- s, C- p, D- t

Solution

Salivary juice contains starch splitting enzyme amylase. The amylase of saliva is called as ptyalin. Pepsin is the major proteolytic enzyme of stomach. Pepsin is secreted as a proenzyme pepsinogen and is activated to pepsin on exposure to acid in stomach. Trypsin is a component of pancreatic juice where it is present as trypsinogen. Trypsinogen is activated to trypsin on exposure to enterokinase. The intestinal juice contains a number of disaccharidases like maltase, lactase, sucrase for splitting disaccharides into monosaccharides, which can be readily absorbed.
Question 3
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Salivary glands of cockroach open on

A
Maxilla

B
Hypopharnyx

C
Labium

D
Labrum

Solution

Cockroach foregut contains a pair of salivary glands. Each salivary gland is branched, the secretions of all the branches being poured into a common duct. For either pair of salivary glands, there is a thin walled salivary receptacle or reservoir which is like a bladder. It stores the salivary secretions. The receptacles of either side have a common receptaculum duct which opens into the common salivary duct. This common salivary duct opens into the mouth cavity at the labium.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Enzyme pepsin acts upon food at pH of about

A
3 to split proteins

B
2 to split carbohydrate

C
7 to change protein into peptones

D
2 to change protein into amino acids

Solution

Pepsin is one of three principal protein-degrading or proteolytic, enzymes in the digestive system. Pepsin is most active in acidic environments. Its primary site of synthesis and activity is in the stomach pH of 1.5 to 2. Pepsin exhibits maximal activity at pH 2.0 and is inactive at pH 6.5 and above.
Question 5
1 / -0

In Colon, constrictions of the wall form a series of small pockets called

A
Haustra

B
Crypts of lieberkuhn

C
Zymogen cells

D
Taenial

Solution

Large intestine is differentiated into three parts cecum, colon and rectum. Cecum continues into colon. Colon is the middle part of large intestine. The longitudinal muscle coat forms three ribbon like bands called teniae coli. Due to the presence of teniae, pouch like structure develops in lumen of colon called as haustra. The colon then continues in a uniform tube called rectum, which is the storage chamber for faeces.
Question 6
1 / -0

Glycosidic link is broken in digestion of

A
Protein

B
Lipid

C
Starch

D
All of the above

Solution

Starch is a carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds. Starch is the major form of stored carbohydrate in plants. Starch is composed of a mixture of two substances: amylose, an essentially linear polysaccharide, and amylopectin, a highly branched polysaccharide. Both forms of starch are polymers of -D-Glucose. Amylopectin has short side chains of about 30 glucose units are attached with 16 linkages approximately every twenty to thirty glucose units along the chain. The process of breaking the glycosidic bonds, that hold the glucose basic units together to form a large cellulose molecule is called hydrolysis.
Question 7
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When children play bare footed in pools of dirty water and flood water, they may suffer from diseases like

A
Leptospirusis and bilharzia

B
Malaria, amoebic dysentery and leptospirosis

C
Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

D
Guinea worm infection, elephantiasis and amoebic dysentery

Solution

When children play bare footed in pools of dirty water and flood water, they may suffer from diseases like Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea.
Question 8
1 / -0

Auerbach's plexus are found in

A
Below dermis and made up of muscles

B
Outer to muscularis externa and made up of nerves

C
Below muscularis interna

D
Layer of podocytes in glomerulus of kidney

Solution

Auerbach's plexus or myenteric plexus is a part of the enteric nervous system that located between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract. It is mainly made up of sensory nerves.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

Numbers of pairs of salivary glands present in rabbit are

A
One

B
Three

C
Four

D
Five

Solution

The rabbit has four major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid, mandibular, sublingual and zygomatic. Amylase and galactosidase are produced in the saliva, which is produced continuously by the mandibular glands and in response to food intake by the others.
Question 10
1 / -0

A patient develops symptoms like swollen lips, thick pigmented skin of hands and legs and irritability. Which one of the following is the deficient nutrient and the deficiency disease associated to the symptoms?

A
Iodine- Goitre

B
Thiamine- Beriberi

C
Niacin- Pellagra

D
Protein- Kwashiorkor

Solution

Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein energy malnutrition characterized by edema, irritability, anorexia, ulcerating dermatoses, and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates. The defining sign of kwashiorkor in a malnourished child is pitting edema (swelling of the ankles and feet). Other signs include a distended abdomen, an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates, thinning hair, loss of teeth, skin depigmentation and dermatitis.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	List I (Digestive juices)		List II (Enzymes)
A	Saliva	p	Maltase
B	Gastric juice	q	Trypsinogen
C	Pancreatic juice	r	Ptyalin
D	Intestinal juice	s	Pepsin
		t	Cellulase

Digestion and Absorption Test - 75

Result

Digestion and Absorption Test - 75

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Gamma globulin

Glucagon

Insulin

Albumin

Solution

Question 2

A- r, B- s, C- q, D- p

A- s, B- r, C- p, D- t

A- r, B- t, C- p, D- q

A- r, B- s, C- p, D- t

Solution

Question 3

Maxilla

Hypopharnyx

Labium

Labrum

Solution

Question 4

3 to split proteins

2 to split carbohydrate

7 to change protein into peptones

2 to change protein into amino acids

Solution

Question 5

Haustra

Crypts of lieberkuhn

Zymogen cells

Taenial

Solution

Question 6

Protein

Lipid

Starch

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Leptospirusis and bilharzia

Malaria, amoebic dysentery and leptospirosis

Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

Guinea worm infection, elephantiasis and amoebic dysentery

Solution

Question 8

Below dermis and made up of muscles

Outer to muscularis externa and made up of nerves

Below muscularis interna

Layer of podocytes in glomerulus of kidney

Solution

Question 9

One

Three

Four

Five

Solution

Question 10

Iodine- Goitre

Thiamine- Beriberi

Niacin- Pellagra

Protein- Kwashiorkor

Solution

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