Digestion and Absorption Test

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 77

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Question 1
1 / -0

Pepsin differs from trypsin in that it digests

A
Protein in alkaline medium in stomach.

B
Protein in acid medium in stomach.

C
Protein in acid medium in duodenum.

D
Protein in alkaline medium in duodenum.

Solution

Pepsin is secreted from the gastric glands of stomach. It is secreted in inactive form called pepsinogen. It acts on protein and converts them into proteoses and peptones. It catalyses in acidic medium. Trypsin is secreted from the exocrine pancreas. It is secreted in inactive form called trypsinogen. It acts on proteoses and peptones and converts them into polypeptides in duodenum. It catalyses in alkaline medium.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

Trypsin enzyme in mammals is formed from the

A
Trypsinogen by action of enterokinase

B
Trypsinogen by the action of protein

C
Trypsinogen by the action of fat

D
None of these

Solution

Trypsinogen is the precursor form of trypsin. It is found in pancreatic juice, with other enzymes like amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsinogen. It is activated by enteropeptidase, which is found in the intestinal mucosa. Once activated, trypsin can activate more trypsinogen into trypsin. Trypsin cleaves the peptide bond on the carboxyl side of basic amino acids such as arginine and lysine.
So, option A is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

Germs entering the body through food are mainly killed in the region of alimentary canal where pH may reach the level

A
2

B
7

C
10

D
Zero

Solution

Digestion in the human body is a complex process where pH of the digestive tract plays a crucial role. pH level in the region of pharynx and mouth is controlled by the saliva and is maintained at about 6.8. However, in the stomach, the gastric acid lowers the pH to 1-3 making it highly acidic. This acidic condition activates the digestive enzyme pepsinogen and converts it into pepsin for protein digestion and kills the pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Chief function of HCl is

A
To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of microorganisms.

B
To facilitate absorption.

C
To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin.

D
To dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach.

Solution

The gastric juice is made up of hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen and other digestive enzymes, intrinsic factor, gastrin, mucus, and bicarbonates. It has a pH ranging from 1 to 2. Its low pH is essential in activating digestive enzyme pepsinogen and convert it into the pepsin fro protein digestion and in destroying various pathogens. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following are chiefly digested in the stomach?

A
Protein

B
Carbohydrate

C
Lipids

D
Fats
Solution
- Digestion is a process where the food is broken down by the mechanical and chemical process. Digestion begins at the mouth where the only carbohydrate is digested due to the presence of salivary amylase.
- Food then moves to the stomach through oesophagus where the gastric juice is secreted by the stomach wall which contains pepsin for protein digestion with HCl and mucus.
- Maximum protein is digested in the stomach.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Escherichia coli in human intestine synthesizes:

A
Vitamin B and D

B
Vitamin B and C

C
Vitamin A and K

D
Vitamin B and K

Solution

E.coli is the microflora of the human body which synthesizes vitamin B and K in the intestine. They live upon the undigested food passing through the caecum and help in better absorption of food and prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine. These vitamins, except B12, are water-soluble and cannot be stored in the body for a long time, making E.coli more important.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Refer the given figures and select the correct statement.

A
(i) Lives in the large intestine of humans and infection occur by ingesting cysts along with food and water.

B
(ii) Lives in the blood plasma enter cerebrospinal fluid and damage the brain.

C
(iii) Lives in the intestine of humans and infection occur by ingesting soil infected with its eggs.

D
(iv) Lives in the lungs of humans and infection occur by eating infected pork.

Solution

Roundworms (also called nematodes) are common in warm tropical countries. Children are more often affected than adults. They usually live in the human gut. However, some species can travel from the gut to live in different parts of the body. In the human gut, they live, feed and reproduces once get transmitted. Roundworm eggs and tiny young worms (larvae) live in the soil. They most commonly get into the body when a person gets them on his or her hands and then transfers them to the mouth. Some can also get into the body through the skin. Whereas bread mould is represented (ii), green algae like Chlamydomonas is represented by (iv) and amoeba is represented by (i). Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Select the incorrect statement with regard to digestions.

A
Saliva contains the enzyme ptyalin which is a protein digesting enzyme.

B
The alternative contraction and relaxation of oesophagus is called as peristalsis.

C
Salivary glands are exocrine glands secreting saliva.

D
Acidic digested pulpy food from the stomach is called chyme.

Solution

Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, also called as ptyalin, which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine. Only about 30% starch digestion takes place in the mouth cavity. It can not digest the proteins. The alternative contraction and relaxation of oesophagus is called as peristalsis. Salivary glands are exocrine glands secreting saliva. Acidic digested pulpy food from the stomach is called as chyme.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Peptic ulcer results due to
A. Imbalance of gastric juice secretion.
B. Secretion of high acid enzyme.
C. Poor secretion of mucus.
D. The disintegration of mucosal lining layer of the stomach.

A
B, C and D

B
A, B and D

C
A, B, C and D

D
B and D

Solution

The ulcers formed in the stomach are called peptic ulcers. These are the open sores formed due to excess secretion of HCl, pepsin and gastric juices leading to the disintegration of mucosal lining layer of the stomach. This results in decreased mucus secretion which affects digestion of food. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking are some of the factors responsible for peptic ulcers. Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it begins to taste sweet because

A
Maltose is formed by maltase.

B
Fatty acids are formed by lipase.

C
Disaccharides are formed by breaking down of starches by amylase.

D
Glucose id formed from disccharides.

Solution

Bread contains starch which store sugars. It consists of long chains of glucose. When you chew on bread (starch) enzyme called amylase breaks down the large starch molecules into disaccharides- glucose, maltose or dextrin which are sweet to taste.

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 77

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 77

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Question 1

Protein in alkaline medium in stomach.

Protein in acid medium in stomach.

Protein in acid medium in duodenum.

Protein in alkaline medium in duodenum.

Solution

Question 2

Trypsinogen by action of enterokinase

Trypsinogen by the action of protein

Trypsinogen by the action of fat

None of these

Solution

Question 3

2

7

10

Zero

Solution

Question 4

To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of microorganisms.

To facilitate absorption.

To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin.

To dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach.

Solution

Question 5

Protein

Carbohydrate

Lipids

Fats

Solution

Question 6

Vitamin B and D

Vitamin B and C

Vitamin A and K

Vitamin B and K

Solution

Question 7

(i) Lives in the large intestine of humans and infection occur by ingesting cysts along with food and water.

(ii) Lives in the blood plasma enter cerebrospinal fluid and damage the brain.

(iii) Lives in the intestine of humans and infection occur by ingesting soil infected with its eggs.

(iv) Lives in the lungs of humans and infection occur by eating infected pork.

Solution

Question 8

Saliva contains the enzyme ptyalin which is a protein digesting enzyme.

The alternative contraction and relaxation of oesophagus is called as peristalsis.

Salivary glands are exocrine glands secreting saliva.

Acidic digested pulpy food from the stomach is called chyme.

Solution

Question 9

B, C and D

A, B and D

A, B, C and D

B and D

Solution

Question 10

Maltose is formed by maltase.

Fatty acids are formed by lipase.

Disaccharides are formed by breaking down of starches by amylase.

Glucose id formed from disccharides.

Solution

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