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Digestion and Absorption Test - 79

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Digestion and Absorption Test - 79
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The following is a scheme showing the fate of carbohydrate during digestion in the human alimentary canal. Identify the enzymes acting at stages indicated as a, b, c and d. Choose the correct option from those given.

    Solution
    An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk. It breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of sucrose (table sugar). Maltase is an enzyme located in on the brush border of the small intestine that breaks down the disaccharide maltose. Maltase catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose to the simple sugar glucose. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    With reference to a normal human being, which one of the following statements is not correct?
    Solution
    • Salivary glands open into the buccal cavity. 
    • There are 3 pairs of salivary glands, viz., sublingual glands below the tongue, submandibular gland below lower jaw and parotid gland in front of the ear. 
    • The salivary glands have two types of cells namely serous and mucous.
    •  Serous produce a digestive enzyme salivary amylase or ptyalin. Mucous cells produce mucous. 
    • Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
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    Vitamin-$$B_{12}$$ is absorbed primarily in the
    Solution
    • Calcium, iron, and folate are also primarily absorbed in the duodenum.
    • Vitamin B$$_{12}$$ is called cobalamin. It is absorbed primarily in the end part of the small intestine, the ileum.
    • The main function of the ileum is to absorb vitamin B$$_{12}$$ and bile salts and the products of digestion which were not absorbed by the jejunum.
    • Hence, Vitamin B$$_{12}$$ in association with intrinsic factor is absorbed in the terminal ileum.
    So, the correct option is D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following helps in digestion without secreting any digestive enzyme?
    Solution
    Option A is incorrect as salivary glands secrete salivary amylase. Option C is incorrect as pancreatic juice contain pepsin. Options D and E are incorrect as intestinal juice and gastric juice from small intestine and stomach contain digestive enzymes. Option B is correct as the liver secretes bile juice containing bile salt which in turn serve in emulsification of lipids. Bile juice does not contain any digestive enzymes. 
  • Question 5
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    Absorption of vitamin $$B_{12}$$ in human requires "P" glycoprotein secreted from "Q". The correct choice of P and Q are
    Solution
    There is a glycoprotein which is produced by the cells in the lining of the stomach. This glycoprotein is known as the intrinsic factor. This factor facilitates the absorption of vitamin B$$_{12}$$. So, the label P refers to intrinsic factor and the label Q refers to stomach.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    In an empty stomach, the mucosa is thrown into folds called
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which disease does not occur in infants younger than six months?
    Solution
    Marasmus is due to protein-energy deficiency that can occur any time if the infant is not provided with sufficient milk. Kwashiorkor mostly occurs due to nonutilisation of protein in the diet caused by aflatoxin accumulation.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Muscular coat is well developed in.
    Solution
    • The muscular layer in the stomach differs from that of other organs of the alimentary canal because it has three layers of muscle instead of two.
    1. The external coat is called the longitudinal muscle layer.
    2. The middle, or circular muscular layer.
    3. The innermost layer of smooth muscle is called the oblique muscular layer. 
    • Therefore, because of these muscles, the muscular coat is well defined in the stomach. 

    Hence, option D is correct.  
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Ileum is characterised by
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The protein deficiency disease is known as
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