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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 16

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 16
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Urea is produced in mammals from
    Solution
    Urea is manufactured in the liver is a cyclic chemical reaction called as the ornithine cycle. It was once thought to be produced directly from ammonia but it is now known to be produced from ammonia by way of amino acid arginine.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The functional unit of the mammalian kidney is the _____.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Glomerular filtrate contains
    Solution
    The first step in urine formation is the filtration of blood, which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration. The glomerular capillary blood pressure causes filtration of blood through 3 layers, i.e., the endothelium of glomerular blood vessels, the epithelium of Bowman's capsule and a basement membrane between these two layers. The epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores. Blood is filtered so finely through these membranes, that almost all the constituents of the plasma except the proteins and blood cells pass onto the lumen of the Bowmans capsule. Therefore, it is considered as a process of ultrafiltration.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Functional unit in a kidney is

    Solution
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation:
    • The functional unit of the kidney is called the nephron. It comprises of a coiled renal tubule and a vascular network of peritubular capillaries. The tubule consists of different regions, each with their own important function.
    • The functional unit of the nervous system is called the neuron
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    A Malpighian tubule empties urine into the
    Solution
    Malpighian tubule, in insects, any of the excretory organs that lie in the abdominal body cavity and empty into the junction between midgut and hindgut. The tubule cells actively transport initial urine constituents (potassium ions, water, urate ions, sugar, amino acids) into the tubule. In some species urine is acidified in the distal end of the tubule and an aqueous suspension of uric acid crystals is conducted into the rectum, where water and nutrients are reabsorbed. In other species the urine is acidified in the rectum. Certain tubule cells may have special functions, as in the secretion of the sticky substance that surrounds eggs of certain leaf beetles or in the secretion of silk by certain immature beetles. Thus, option A is correct.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which substance is in higher concentration in blood than in glomerular filtrate?
    Solution
    Plasma proteins are in higher concentration in blood than in glomerular filtration. It has direct effects on the formation of glomerular filtration since the oncotic pressure for filteration.
    So the correct answer is 'Plasma proteins'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Part not belonging to uriniferous tubule is
    Solution
    The uriniferous tubule or the kidney tubule is a fine, long, convoluted tubule that is involved in excretory functions. This tubule basically conveys urine from the glomerulus to the renal pelvis. A large amount of water and salts are reabsorbed during the passage of urine through it At certain locations in the kidney tubule, some ions are also secreted into the urine. It includes the Henle's loop, the DCT and PCT, and the collecting tubule.
    So, the correct answer is 'Glomerulus'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Uriniferous tubules of a kidney are concerned with formation of
    Solution
    The functional unit of the kidney is the uriniferous tubule, a highly convoluted structure that modifies the fluid passing through it to form to form urine as its final output. This tubule consists of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In which form CO$$_2$$ is carried in the blood?
    Solution
    Carbon dioxide molecules are transported through the blood from tissues to the lungs either by direct dissolution into the blood, bounded to hemoglobin, or carried as a bicarbonate. When carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin, a molecule of carbamino hemoglobin is formed.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Long loops of Henle correlate with
    Solution
    The loop of Henle is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Named after its discoverer, Jakob Henle, the loop of Henle's main function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney. By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which utilizes electrolyte pumps, the loop of Henle creates an area of high urea concentration deep in the medulla, near the papillary duct in the collecting duct system. Water present in the filtrate in the papillary duct flows through aquaporin channels out of the duct, moving passively down its concentration gradient. This process reabsorbs water and creates a concentrated urine for excretion. Thus, option A is correct.
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