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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 17

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 17
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In insects, Malpighian tubules drain materials directly from the
    Solution
    Malpighian tubule,  in insects, any of the excretory organs that lie in the abdominal body cavity and empty into the junction between midgut and hindgut. Malpighian tubule Any of the organs that are involved in the excretion of nitrogenous waste in insects, arachnids, and centipedes. They lie in the haemocoel. It drains materials from haemocoel. In insects Malpighian tubules open into the intestine. They selectively extract from the blood uric acid, which together with water and salts is deposited into the hindgut and excreted in the faeces. Some reabsorption of water and salts can occur in the tubule itself but most reabsorption occurs in the hindgut
    So, the correct answer is 'Haemocoel'
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The end product of ornithine cycle is
    Solution
    Ornithine cycle occurs in the liver. The deamination of the amino acids makes ammonia which is highly toxic. So, the ammonia is converted to the urea in a sequence of steps called ornithine cycle. Urea is the end product which is excreted out by the kidneys.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Urea'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Surgical removal of both the kidneys would result in death because:
    Solution
    The kidney is located in the abdominal cavity and it helps in the filtration of blood and osmoregulation. So, surgical removal of both the kidneys would result in death because urea will not be excreted which cause a fluid imbalance of the body. 
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which is present in the kidney?
    Solution
    Bowman's capsule is a cup-like sac of the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney that performs the first step in the filtration of blood to form urine. The mesonephros is one of three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates. Neurons are not part of the kidney. The nephridium (plural nephridia) is an invertebrate organ which occurs in pairs and performs a function similar to the vertebrate kidney. Thus, option A is correct.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The vessel leading blood into the Bowman's capsule is known as
    Solution
    The afferent arterioles lead the blood into the kidney. These, later on, forms a tuft of capillaries which is known as the glomerulus which helps in filtration.
    The efferent arterioles form from a convergence of the capillaries of the glomerulus. They play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate despite fluctuations in blood pressure. 
    The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. 
    The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The initial chemical part of excretion occurs in
    Solution
    The initial chemical part of excretion occurs in the liver. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines. The liver also makes proteins important for blood clotting and other functions.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Kidney of vertebrates resembles with contractile vacuole of protozoans in
    Solution
    Contractile vacuoles are organelles in the cells of sponges and freshwater protozoans. In the freshwater Amoeba proteus, for example, the bubble-like contractile vacuole swells with excess fluid from the cytoplasm. Its membrane then pumps valuable ions back into the cytoplasm, leaving mainly water in the vacuole. Contractile proteins surrounding the vacuole then abruptly compress it, squirting the water out of the cell through a pore in the cell membrane. This organelle resembles the kidney by expelling out excess water. 
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Nephrons are connected with
    Solution
    The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites and regulates blood pH. So, nephrons are connected to the excretory system and not to the respiratory system, nervous system or circulatory system. Thus, option D is correct.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The blood vessel with least wastes coming out of the Bowman's capsule is known as
    Solution
    Renal vein is the blood vessel with least wastes coming out of the Bowman's capsule. It connects the kidney to the inferior vena cava. It runs parallel to the tubules of the kidney and helps in reabsorption of materials into the blood.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Filtration of blood is done by
    Solution
    Nephrons are microscopic tube-like structures in the kidneys that filter the blood and cause wastes to be removed. They are functional units of the kidney. They are the most basic structures of the kidney's anatomy and are an integral part of the urinary system. Each kidney contains over one million of them. Nephrons are the main functional units of the kidneys. These tiny filtering units are responsible for removing harmful toxins and excess fluids from the blood, keeping it clean and maintaining its correct volume and concentration. Thus, option D is correct.

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