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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 25

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 25
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The process that pushes out water and other dissolved materials from blood in the glomerulus is
    Solution
    The blood in the glomerulus is filtered through minutes pores called filtration slits present in the wall of Bowman's capsule. This phenomenon is called glomerular filtration and the filtrate is called as glomerular filtrate. The relatively larger molecules like proteins cannot pass through minute pores but smaller particles like urea, water and other dissolved materials can pass through the filtration slits hence ultrafiltration. Hence, the process that pushes out water and other dissolved materials from blood in the glomerulus is 'Ultrafiltration'.
    So, the correct answer is 'Ultrafiltration'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Brush border is characteristic of
    Solution
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation:
    • The proximal convoluted tube-shaped structure is lined by easy cubiform brush border epithelium. 
    The brush border animal tissue(epithelium) will increase the expanse space for resorption of around all of the essential nutrients and 70-80% of electrolytes. 
    • The microvilli are noted as striated borders and are protoplasmic extensions contrary to villi that are submucosal wraps in the external cells. whereas, within the kidneys, microvilli are termed as brush borders. Hence Brush borders are the characteristic of the Proximal convoluted tubule.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Loop of Henle is connected with 
    Solution
    In humans the excretory organ in the kidney. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is composed of Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule (PCT). Hence Loop of Henle is connected with the excretory system.
    So, the correct answer is 'Excretory system'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which is true about excretion?
    Solution
    About 180 liters (100%) of fluid is filtered out of blood every day by nephrons but an adult human excretes, on an average, 1 to 1.5 liters (1 %) of urine per day. The remaining 99% of water and glucose in the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed into the blood to maintain constant homeostasis in the body.
    So, the correct answer is '99%of water and glucose in the glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Ammonia is excretory material in
    Solution
    Ammonia is excretory material in fresh water and bony fishes because ammonia is a excretory product which is a very toxic substance to tissues and extremely soluble in water. It requires large amount of water to dissolve, about 0.5 L of water is needed per 1 g of nitrogen to maintain ammonia levels in the excretory fluid below the level in body fluids to prevent toxicity. So, this mode of excretion is desirable in aquatic animals. The process of excretion of ammonia is known as ammonotelic.
    So, the correct answer is 'Fresh water/bony fishes'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Malphigian/Bowmans/renal corpuscles occur in
    Solution
    Inside the kidney, there are two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is divided into renal corpuscle (Glomerulus and its surrounding Bowman's capsule), PCT, Henle's loop and DCT. The renal corpuscle, PCT and DCT are confined to Cortex and Henle's loop is confined to medulla. Hence Malphigian/Bowmans/renal corpuscles occur in cortex.
    So, the correct answer is 'Cortex'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which one is the most soluble in water?
    Solution
    Urea is most soluble in water because it is polar compound and has extensive hydrogen bonding. Urea has two C-N single bonds and one C=O double bond at an angle of about 120 degrees. The electronegative difference between carbon and nitrogen makes the bond polar.
    So, the correct answer is 'Urea'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Glomeruli are confined to
    Solution
    Inside the kidney, there are two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is divided into renal corpuscle (Glomerulus and its surrounding Bowman's capsule), PCT, Henle's loop and DCT. The renal corpuscle, PCT and DCT are confined to cortex and Henle's loop is confined to medulla. Hence, glomeruli are confined to cortex.
    So, the correct answer is 'Cortex'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Ureotelic animals are those in which the main nitrogenous waste product is
    Solution
    Ureotelic animals are those in which the main nitrogenous waste product is urea. Urea is less toxic than ammonia so it can be stored in the body for longer duration. The extra proteins in the body are degraded by the process of deamination where the NH$$_2$$ group is removed and it is converted into ammonium ions in the liver. The ammonium ions enter urea cycle and get converted into urea. The urea formed in liver is transported to kidney through circulation and finally gets excreted. It also excretes the uric acid but in minimal quantity. So, the correct answer is 'Urea'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The filtrate from glomerulus contains
    Solution
    The blood in the glomerulus is filtered through minutes pores called filtration slits present in the wall of Bowman's capsule. This phenomenon is called glomerular filtration and the filtrate is glomerular filtrate. The relatively larger molecules like proteins and blood cells cannot pass through minute pores but smaller particles like urea, water, and other dissolved materials can pass through the filtration slits hence ultrafiltration. Hence the filtration from glomerulus contains Blood without cells and proteins.
    So, the correct answer is 'Blood without cells and proteins'.
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