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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 38

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 38
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following sets of animals produce the same substances as their chief excretory product?
    Solution
    • Cockroach, pigeon, lizard, peacock, parrot, and snake excretes uric acid. As birds, reptiles excrete uric acid.
    • Camel, monkey, dog, rat, excretes urea. As mammals excrete urea.
    • Housefly excretes calcium oxalate.
    • The frog excretes ammonia.
    • So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Glomerular capillaries are ________ times more permeable to water.
    Solution

    The glomerulus is a tuft of small blood vessels called capillaries located within Bowman's capsule within the kidney. Glomerular mesangial cells structurally support the tufts. Blood enters the capillaries of the glomerulus by a single arteriole called an afferent arteriole and leaves by an efferent arteriole. Glomerular capillaries are 5000 times more permeable to water.

    So, the correct option ‘5000’.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following in real sense is NOT an excretory activity?
    Solution
    A) Giving out carbon dioxide is a part of respiration. Carbon dioxide is formed as a waste product of respiration and hence is not exactly an excretory activity.
    B) Fecal matter is solid excretory product evacuated from the bowels after digestion of food.
    C) Sweat glands in the skin secrete sweat or perspiration through which salts and trace elements are excreted. Sweating also maintains the level of salt in the body.
    D) Removal of ammonia waste in the form of urea (in humans) is called excretion.
    So the correct answer is 'Giving out carbon dioxide'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Maximum amount of water from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in
    Solution
    The maximum amount of electrolytes and water, that is, about 70 to 80% is absorbed in the PCT of the nephron.
    So, the correct answer is 'proximal convoluted tubule'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    When a person is dehydrated, hypotonic fluid will be found in the ______________.
    Solution
    The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. As the filtrate flows through the nephron its concentration varies based on the absorption of water and salt. Dehydration is characterised by a deficiency of water in the body. Major reabsorption of sodium and potassium occurs through the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. As a result, the fluid in the Loop of Henle is hypotonic. 
    Thus the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    The nephrons discharge their urine at the:
    Solution
    The renal pelvis or pelvis of the kidney is the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney. In humans, the renal pelvis is the point where the two or three major calyces join together. Renal pelvis, enlarged upper end of the ureter, the tube through which urine flows from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

    So, the correct answer is 'Renal pelvis'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Tubular maximum (Tm) refers to
    Solution
    Tm is the amount of substances which can be transfered in the tubule to such an limit that beyond which it can be excreted through the urine.
    Hence the correct answer is 'how much urine the collecting ducts can hold'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Frog excretes ________ whereas tadpole excretes __________.
    Solution
    Frog excretes urea whereas tadpole excretes ammonia. Frog excretes urea because urea is less toxic than ammonia and can be concentrated in urine and excreted at a slower rate. Whereas tadpole excretes ammonia because it lives in water and has the large volume of water that is needed for the elimination of ammonia. It can eliminate ammonia into surrounding water rapidly when it is formed.
    So, the correct answer is 'Urea,  Ammonia'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct answers from the following given.
    Which of the following structures is not related to osmoregulation or maintenance of water balance
    Solution
    The water balance in the body is maintained by the kidney which regulates the water and salt concentration in the body. 
    Hence the correct answer is 'Kidney'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following parts of the nephron is least permeable to water?
    Solution
    In the nephron the permeability of each part of the nephron is variable, the proximal tubule is impermeable, the collecting tubule being permeable to water whereas the descending limb is permeable to water whereas the ascending limbs are permeable to ions 
    Hence the answer is  'Ascending limb is least permeable to water'.
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