Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 39

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 39

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Question 1
1 / -0

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is

A
Amount of filtrate reabsorbed at the collecting ducts

B
Amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys each minute

C
Rate of bladder filling

D
Amount of blood delivered to the kidney each minute

Solution

The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidney per minute is called Glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR in a healthy individual is approximately 125ml/minute,i.e, 180 litres per day.
So the correct option is amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys each minute.
Question 2
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Choose the correct answers from the following given.
The mammalian excretory system involves all of the following except

A
reabsorption of high molecular weight proteins from the glomerular filtrate

B
active transport of chloride ions from the filtrate into the peritubular tissues

C
release of nitrogenous wastes into the intestines

D
hormonal control of permeability of walls in various excretory tubules

Solution

The excretory system in the mammals deals with the absorption on the basis of the permeability of the system , among all the options given the option other than the function of the excretory system is releasing nitrogenous wastes.
Hence the correct answer is C .
Question 3
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Choose the correct answers from the following given.
Which of the following forces the plasma to be filtered across the glomerulus?

A
A full urinary bladder

B
Pressure of urine in the glomerulus

C
Pressure of the blood

D
Water retention

Solution

For the glomerulus filteration the plasma is filtered as the blood flows in with excessive pressure which tends to filter al the plasma along with the blood leaving the impurities in the blood for excretion.
Hence the correct answer is 'Pressure of the blood'.
Question 4
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The functional unit of the kidney where the urine is actually produced is

A
Glomerulus

B
Bladder

C
Nephron

D
Neuron

Solution

The functional unit of the kidney is Nephron. Millions of nephron are involved in process of urine formation.
So the correct option is 'nephron'
Question 5
1 / -0

Water and small solutes enter kidneys during

A
filtration

B
tubular secretion

C
tubular reabsorption

D
both (a) and (c)
Solution
Kidneys filter blood in a three-step process.
The nephrons filter blood that runs through the capillary network in the glomerulus. Almost all solutes, except for proteins, are filtered out into the glomerulus by a process called glomerular filtration.
The filtrate is collected in the renal tubules. Most of the solutes get reabsorbed in the PCT by a process called tubular reabsorption. In the loop of Henle, the filtrate continues to exchange solutes and water with the renal medulla and the peritubular capillary network. Water is also reabsorbed during this step.
Additional solutes and wastes are secreted into the kidney tubules during tubular secretion, which is, in essence, the opposite process to tubular reabsorption.
Thus both options A and C are correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the following given.
The Bowmans capsule is a part of the

A
uriniferous tubule and the site of reabsorption of water and glucose

B
uriniferous tubule arid the site of filtration of various blood constituents

C
liver and is the site of secretion of bile juice

D
lung and the site of gaseous exchange

Solution

Each nephron had two parts- the glomerulus and the renal tubule. The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole-a fine branch of the renal artery. Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole. The renal tubule begins with a double-walled cuplike structure called Bowman's capsule, which encloses the glomerulus. Glomerulus along with Bowman's capsule is called the Malpighian body or renal corpuscle. Any small molecules such as water, glucose, salt (NaCl), amino acids, and urea pass freely into Bowman's spaces, but cells, platelets, large proteins do not.
So the correct answer is uriniferous tubule and the site of filtration of various blood constituents.
Question 7
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the following given.
Which of the following components of blood does not enter the nephron?

A
Plasma proteins

B
Glucose

C
Sodium $$(Na^+)$$ ions

D
Urea

Solution

The epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called monocytes are arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores. Blood is filtered so finely through these membranes, that almost all the constituents of the plasma except the proteins pass onto the lumen of the Bowmans capsule.
So the correct answer is plasma proteins.
Question 8
1 / -0

A few substances move out of the peritubular capillaries that thread around tubular parts of the nephron. The substances are moved into the nephron during

A
Filtration

B
Tubular secretion

C
Tubular reabsorption

D
Both (a) and b)
Question 9
1 / -0

In humans, glucose

A
is in the filtrate and in urine

B
is in the filtrate and not in urine

C
undergoes tubular secretion and is in urine

D
undergoes tubular secretion and in not in urine

Solution

Urine contains no glucose because the kidneys are able to reabsorb all of the filtered glucose from the tubular fluid back into the bloodstream.

So, the correct answer is 'is in the filtrate and not in urine'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following substances is not filtered into the cavity of Bowmans capsule?

A
Urea

B
Amino acids

C
Glucose

D
Plasma proteins

Solution

Bowman's capsule is a very important structure in the nephron of the kidney. the filtrate has the same composition as blood plasma, however, it does not contain red blood cells and plasma proteins as they are too big to diffuse through.

So, the correct answer is 'Plasma proteins'.

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 39

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 39

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Question 1

Amount of filtrate reabsorbed at the collecting ducts

Amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys each minute

Rate of bladder filling

Amount of blood delivered to the kidney each minute

Solution

Question 2

reabsorption of high molecular weight proteins from the glomerular filtrate

active transport of chloride ions from the filtrate into the peritubular tissues

release of nitrogenous wastes into the intestines

hormonal control of permeability of walls in various excretory tubules

Solution

Question 3

A full urinary bladder

Pressure of urine in the glomerulus

Pressure of the blood

Water retention

Solution

Question 4

Glomerulus

Bladder

Nephron

Neuron

Solution

Question 5

filtration

tubular secretion

tubular reabsorption

both (a) and (c)

Solution

Question 6

uriniferous tubule and the site of reabsorption of water and glucose

uriniferous tubule arid the site of filtration of various blood constituents

liver and is the site of secretion of bile juice

lung and the site of gaseous exchange

Solution

Question 7

Plasma proteins

Glucose

Sodium $$(Na^+)$$ ions

Urea

Solution

Question 8

Filtration

Tubular secretion

Tubular reabsorption

Both (a) and b)

Question 9

is in the filtrate and in urine

is in the filtrate and not in urine

undergoes tubular secretion and is in urine

undergoes tubular secretion and in not in urine

Solution

Question 10

Urea

Amino acids

Glucose

Plasma proteins

Solution

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