Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 46

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 46

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Renal arteries are formed by

A
Afferent arteriole

B
Dorsal aorta

C
Ventral aorta

D
Renal portal vein

Solution

The afferent arterioles bring blood to the glomerulus and the efferent arterioles take blood away from the glomerulus. The afferent arterioles supplies the blood to the nephorns. They branch from the renal artery. Renal arteries are formed by afferent arterioles.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Renal arteries.'
Question 2
1 / -0

Glomerular filtration is a

A
Selective process, and uses glomerular capillary blood pressure

B
Non-selective process and uses capsular hydrostatic pressure

C
Selective process and occurs actively with the expenditure of energy

D
Non-selective process and uses glornerular capillary blood pressure

Solution

The first step in urine formation is the filtration of blood, which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration. Urine formation begins with glomerular filtration, which is a non-selective process in which fluids and solutes are forced through a membrane by capsular hydrostatic pressure.
So, the correct answer 'Option B'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Pronephros & mesonephros kidneys do not have?

A
External glomerulus

B
Nephrostome

C
Henle's loop

D
Collecting duct

Solution

A) Pronephrons are the early nephric stage developed in humans and are the main kidney in most primitive vertebrates.
B) Mesonephrons are developed in the five-week of development and serve as a permanent kidney in higher vertebrates.
C) The external glomerulus is the network of capillaries present in the mature kidney in human.
So the correct option is "External glomerulus".
Question 4
1 / -0

Animals return water to the environment by
(i) Perspiring
(ii) Drinking
(iii) Urinating
(iv) Breathing

A
(i), (iii) and (iv)

B
(i) and (ii)

C
(i) and (iii)

D
(iii) and (iv)

Solution

A) Perspiration (sweating) is the loss of water and salts through the surface of the skin. This water evaporates. Urine is mostly water and is also composed of salts and is excreted by the animal into the environment. While breathing, minute molecules of water or water vapour are given out into the environment along with carbon dioxide.
B) While drinking water, the animal consumes it from the environment.
C) Perspiration and urination release water into the environment.
D) Breathing releases water in form of water vapour into the environment.
So, the correct answer is '(i), (iii) and (iv)'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which living organism is not a uricotelic?

A
Insects

B
Birds

C
Crocodile

D
Alsatian dog

Solution

A) Insects are uricotelic.
B) Birds are uricotelic.
C) Crocodiles and all reptiles are uricotelic.
D) The Alsatian dog is a mammal. Mammals are ureotelic (excrete urea).
So the correct answer is 'Alsheshan dog'.
Question 6
1 / -0

What is the first excretory substance in animal body?

A
Urea

B
Ammonia

C
Amino acid

D
Uric acid

Solution

Ammonia was the first and simplest excretory substance in the animal body and is excreted as it is toxic. It requires large amounts of water for its excretion and so it is seen in most aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.
So, the correct answer is 'Ammonia'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following is not found in renal cortex;
1. Henle's loop
2. Vasa recta
3. Glomerulus
4. Bowman capsule

A
1, 2 and 3

B
1 and 2

C
2 and 4

D
1 and 3

Solution

The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. It contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla.
Glomerulus & Bowman capsule are parts of the nephron.
So the answer is '1 and 2'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following play a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of cortex interstitial fluid ?

A
Henle's loop

B
DCT

C
PCT

D
none of these

Solution

A. Henle's loop is a U-shaped that plays a significant role in maintaining high osmolarity of cortex and medullary interstitial fluid.
B. DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule) is situated in the cortex region of the kidney. In this tubule, conditional resorption of sodium ions, water, and bicarbonate ions takes place.
C. PCT (Proximal Convoluted Tubule) is lined by a layer of brush border cuboidal epithelial cells so that the surface area for reabsorption is increased. This segment helps to maintain the pH and ionic balance of body fluids.
So, the correct answer is 'Henle's loop'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Glomerular filtrate is similar to blood plasma, except

A
Glucose

B
Proteins

C
Electrolytes

D
Urea

Solution

Blood is filtered by the kidneys on an average 1100-1200 ml per minute. The glomerular blood pressure causes filtration of blood through three layers -
1. Endothelium of glomerular blood vessels
2. Epithelium of bownman's capsule
3. Basement membrane between these two layers
These threee structures form the filtration membrane.
The blood is filtered so finely through these membranes, that almost all the constituents of the plasma except the proteins pass into the lumen of the bownman's capsule. Hence, this process is known as ultrafiltration.
So, the correct answer is 'Proteins'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following is the correct order of processes that occur in urine formation?

A
Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption

B
Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption

C
Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption $$\rightarrow $$ Secretion

D
Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerular filtration
Solution
The process of urine formation involves three steps:
1. Glomerular filtration: It takes place through glomerulus & glomerulus capsule through the semipermeable membrane.
2. Reabsorption: Most of the reabsorption takes place in proximal convoluted tubule, whose walls are lined by microvilli to increase surface area for absorption.
3. Secretion: Tubular secretion is the process by which the substances are transported from the blood into renal tubule.
Hence the correct order is 'Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow$$ Reabsorption $$\rightarrow$$ Secretion'.

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 46

Result

Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 46

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Afferent arteriole

Dorsal aorta

Ventral aorta

Renal portal vein

Solution

Question 2

Selective process, and uses glomerular capillary blood pressure

Non-selective process and uses capsular hydrostatic pressure

Selective process and occurs actively with the expenditure of energy

Non-selective process and uses glornerular capillary blood pressure

Solution

Question 3

External glomerulus

Nephrostome

Henle's loop

Collecting duct

Solution

Question 4

(i), (iii) and (iv)

(i) and (ii)

(i) and (iii)

(iii) and (iv)

Solution

Question 5

Insects

Birds

Crocodile

Alsatian dog

Solution

Question 6

Urea

Ammonia

Amino acid

Uric acid

Solution

Question 7

1, 2 and 3

1 and 2

2 and 4

1 and 3

Solution

Question 8

Henle's loop

DCT

PCT

none of these

Solution

Question 9

Glucose

Proteins

Electrolytes

Urea

Solution

Question 10

Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption

Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption

Glomerular filtration $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption $$\rightarrow $$ Secretion

Secretion $$\rightarrow $$ Reabsorption $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerular filtration

Solution

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