Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 48

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 48

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Question 1
1 / -0

Characteristic feature of Malpighian body is that it consists of

A
Bowman's capsule only

B
Bowman's capsule and ciliated tubule only

C
Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

D
Consists of ciliated funnels

Solution

Malpighian body is a structure present at the beginning of a nephron which consists of a glomerulus and is surrounded by the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule expand at the end of the nephron and forms a cup shape. The glomerulus is a multiple branching of the afferent arteriole before rejoining to the efferent arteriole. Together the Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus are known as the Malpighian body. So, the correct answer is 'Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which is the excretory substance, excreted by fresh water organisms?

A
Urea

B
Ammonia

C
Uric acid

D
None of above

Solution

Nitrogenous waste is excreted in 3 forms, urea, ammonia, and uric acid. Organisms excreting ammonia as the waste product are called ammonotelic organisms. Examples include freshwater organisms. The ammonia is highly toxic and highly soluble in water. Organisms excreting uric acid as the waste product are called uricotelic organisms. Reptiles are uricotelic. Organisms excreting urea as waste products are called ureotelic organisms. Cartilaginous fish, mammals are ureotelic organisms.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Ammonia.'
Question 3
1 / -0

Which is not correctly matched?

A
Henle's loop$$\rightarrow$$ Concentration of urine

B
Distal convoluted tubules $$\rightarrow $$ Aborption of glucose and amino acid

C
Brownan's capsule $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerilar filtration

D
Collecting duct $$\rightarrow $$ Maintain interstitial osmolarity
Solution
A) Henle's loop is a U-shaped portion of the tubule that conducts urine within each nephron.
It helps to reabsorb water and sodium chloride from the urine.
Thus, it creates a concentrated urine for excretion.
B) Distal convoluted tubule is the portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting tubule.
It reabsorbs calcium, sodium, and chloride and regulates the pH of urine by secreting protons and absorbing bicarbonate.
C) Bowman's capsule is a cup-like sack at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron.
The glomerulus filters blood and produces glomerular filtrate which contains water, glucose, salts and urea.
D) Collecting duct is the last part of a long, twisting tube that collects urine from the nephrons.
It carries these filtrate through the renal medulla and the renal medullary interstitium osmolarity sets the upper limit for urine.
The water permeability of the collecting duct determines the extent to which this potential is achieved.
The correct answer is OPTION B.
Question 4
1 / -0

Read the following statements carefully and choose which is not incorrect :-

A
On an average $$1100-1200 ml$$ of blood is filtered by one kidney per minute.

B
Both kidneys can filter roughly $$1/5^{th}$$ of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a second.

C
$$GFR$$ in a healthy individual is approximately $$125 ml/min$$ .

D
Glucose is absent in Glomerular filtrate.

Solution

Around 180 litres of liquid are sifted by the kidneys consistently. Subsequently, the whole plasma volume (around 3 litres) is separated 60 times each day! Filtration is fundamentally determined by water-powered weight (circulatory strain) in the vessels of the glomerulus.
So, the correct option is 'Both kidneys can filter roughly 1/5th of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a second'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Choose the most appropriate answer;
Kidneys are excretory organs in

A
All chordates

B
Only mammals

C
Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians

D
Mammals, Reptiles and Birds

Solution

Name of the organism Excretory organ
Mammals kidneys
Reptiles Kidneys
Amphibians Kidneys
Birds Kidneys
So, the correct answer is ' All chordates'
Question 6
1 / -0

The filtrate from glomerulus contains

A
Urea uric acid

B
Urea ,uric acid $${ H }_{ 2 }O$$

C
$${ H }_{ 2 }O$$, urea, $$H^+$$

D
Urea, glucose and NH$$_3$$

Solution

Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation. The blood plasma is filtered through the glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule. The filtrate formed then enters the renal tubule, of the nephron. This filtrate from glomerulus contains water and soluble substances such as urea, glucose and NH$$_3$$.
So, the correct answer is 'Urea, glucose and NH$$_3$$'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Collecting tubule opens in which part of the kidney?

A
Outer cortex

B
Inner medulla

C
Renal pelvis

D
Ureter

Solution

Collecting tubules of the nephrons are responsible for the collection of the urinal filtrate from the distal convoluted tubule and pass it to the renal pelvis of the kidney. From the renal pelvis, the urine passes on to the ureters.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Renal pelvis'
Question 8
1 / -0

Filteration pressure in human kidneys is about

A
$$10$$mm of Hg

B
$$70$$mm of Hg

C
$$45$$mm of Hg

D
$$55$$mm of Hg

Solution

The net driving force which pushes fluid into tissue spaces and out of vascular sites; the net result between capillary osmotic pressure and intravascular hydrostatic pressure. filtration slits. openings in the glomerular corpuscle which are part of the filtration process in the renal glomerulus.Filtration pressure in human kidneys is about '10mm of Hg'.
So, the correct option is '10nm of Hg'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Mark the inappropriate term w.r.t the glomerural filtration

A
Non-selective

B
Passive process

C
Active process

D
Occurs due to pressure difference
Question 10
1 / -0

The primary threshold substance are............... .

A
Urea and uric acid

B
Potassium and calcium

C
Glucose and amino acids

D
Plasma proteins

Solution

A substance present in blood is filtered through kidneys. Depending on the concentration they are divided as follows, High threshold substances(such as chlorides or glucose), Low threshold substances (such as phosphates or urea). No-threshold substances (such as creatinine sulfate). The primary threshold substance is Urea and uric acid.
So the correct option is 'Urea and uric acid.'

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Name of the organism	Excretory organ
Mammals	kidneys
Reptiles	Kidneys
Amphibians	Kidneys
Birds	Kidneys

Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 48

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 48

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Question 1

Bowman's capsule only

Bowman's capsule and ciliated tubule only

Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

Consists of ciliated funnels

Solution

Question 2

Urea

Ammonia

Uric acid

None of above

Solution

Question 3

Henle's loop$$\rightarrow$$ Concentration of urine

Distal convoluted tubules $$\rightarrow $$ Aborption of glucose and amino acid

Brownan's capsule $$\rightarrow $$ Glomerilar filtration

Collecting duct $$\rightarrow $$ Maintain interstitial osmolarity

Solution

Question 4

On an average $$1100-1200 ml$$ of blood is filtered by one kidney per minute.

Both kidneys can filter roughly $$1/5^{th}$$ of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a second.

$$GFR$$ in a healthy individual is approximately $$125 ml/min$$ .

Glucose is absent in Glomerular filtrate.

Solution

Question 5

All chordates

Only mammals

Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians

Mammals, Reptiles and Birds

Solution

Question 6

Urea uric acid

Urea ,uric acid $${ H }_{ 2 }O$$

$${ H }_{ 2 }O$$, urea, $$H^+$$

Urea, glucose and NH$$_3$$

Solution

Question 7

Outer cortex

Inner medulla

Renal pelvis

Ureter

Solution

Question 8

$$10$$mm of Hg

$$70$$mm of Hg

$$45$$mm of Hg

$$55$$mm of Hg

Solution

Question 9

Non-selective

Passive process

Active process

Occurs due to pressure difference

Question 10

Urea and uric acid

Potassium and calcium

Glucose and amino acids

Plasma proteins

Solution

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