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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 54

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 54
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Filtration of the blood takes place at ________.
    Solution
    • The malpighian body is the filtration unit of the kidney that comprises a cup-shaped structure called the Bowman's capsule and a highly coiled network of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole called the glomerulus. 
    • In PCT, DCT, and collecting duct the concentration of urine takes place. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Malpighian body'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
     Excretory waste is filtered from blood in which of the following parts? 
    Solution
    Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule, it decreasing diameter of the capillaries from the afferent end to the efferent end creates a hydrostatic pressure that filters out water, wastes and other substances from the blood into the Bowman's capsule. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Glomerulus'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following body functions is not performed by kidneys?
    Solution
    The kidneys remove excess organic molecules (e.g., glucose) from the blood. They remove waste products of metabolism (e.g., urea). They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid base balance and regulation of blood pressure. Kidney produces a hormone known as erythropoetin which helps in the formation of RBC.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Assertion  :  In birds and reptiles, main excretory product
                        is the combined form of urine and faeces

    Reason  :    Birds and reptiles have no separate
                         chamber for excretion of urine and faeces


    Solution
    In birds and reptiles, ureters and the rectum open into a common sac called the cloaca (as there is no chamber for urine and faeces) for these two which stores both, and reabsorbs water from them and ultimately excretes these white and brownish black material along with aqueous fluid.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Marcello Malpighi after whom malpighian corpuscles are
    named was born in

    Solution
    The composite structure of Bowman's capsule and glomerulus in knows as malpighian body or malpighian corpuscles after the italian microscopist Marcello Malpighi.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Due to insufficient filtration in the Bowman's capsule , all are likely to happen except
    Solution
    • Insufficient filtration will increase the blood urea level because the quantity of urea produced by the liver would not be filtered through the glomerular capsule. 
    • As the body is not filtering the blood, there will be an accumulation of fluid in the body.
    • Because of less filtration of the blood, the blood volume increases, which leads to an increase in blood pressure.
    • Loss of glucose through urine always takes place due to insufficient reabsorption.
    Thus, the correct answer is (D).
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Pelvis is a part of
    Solution
    The pelvis is an anatomical structure found in most vertebrates. This bony structure connects the base of the spine to the upper end of the rear legs (in humans, the upper end of the legs), also called the bony pelvis, including the left and right coxal bones, sacrum, and coccyx. The renal pelvis is the point of convergence of two or three major calyces and is the funnel-like dilated proximal part of the ureter in the kidney. So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is lined with
    Solution
    The Loop of Henle maintains the concentration of urine by exchange of salt and water by the countercurrent mechanism. The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium with a brush border of microvilli, which greatly increase the surface area of the inner lining of the tubule in order to maximize the number of active and passive transport proteins in the lining cell membranes. It is the major site for tubular reabsorption of water (obligatory water resorption), nutrients, electrolytes, small proteins, e.g., albumin.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    What will be the EFP, if BCOP is - 30, CHP is - 20 and GHP is +70?
    Solution
    Effective filtration pressure (EFP) depends upon the arterial blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries (GHP=70 mm Hg), colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP=30 mm Hg) and hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman's capsule (CHP=20 mm Hg). Thus the EFP = GHP - (BCOP+ CHP)
     70 - (20 + 30) = 20 mm Hg. Thus, the correct answer is opotion A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Artificial kidney was invented in the year
    Solution
    The kidney is the major organ which filters the blood and helps in the formation of urine. Willem Johan Kolff developed the first functioning artificial kidney. He treated his first patient in 1943, and in 1945 and was able to save a patient's life with hemodialysis treatment. 
    So, the correct answer is option B.
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