Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 64

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Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 64

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The reabsorption of water in the urinary tract takes place with the help of loop of Henle. How is this structure modified in fresh water aquatic species as compared to terrestrial one?

A
Absent

B
Longer

C
Shorter

D
Withered

E
Thinner

Solution

Since water is never a limiting factor for aquatic animals, they do not need a long loop of Henle to have effecient water reabsorption system. Hence, they have the shorter loop. On the other hand, terrestrial animals need to prevent water loss in the form of urine so they have the longer loop of Henle. This makes option C correct answer.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which is the part of the nephron that exists in outer zone of kidney?

A
Loop of the henle

B
PCT

C
DCT

D
Bowman's capsule
Solution
Kidneys lie in the lower abdominal cavity of the body. Three major portions of kidney include
Cortex
Medulla
Pelvis
Proximal convoluted tubule or PCT have a permeable cell membrane that can reabsorb glucose, amino acids, metabolites and electrolytes into nearby capillaries. PCT is present near the glomerulus. Distal convoluted tubule, in short DCT, helps in potassium excretion and is situated away from glomerulus. The loop of Henle connects PCT tp DCT. It is situated in the medulla.
Bowman's capsule is a sac-like structure at the beginning of the tubular component of nephron. Fluid from blood in the glomerulus is collected in Bowman's capsule and further processed along with nephron to produce urine. It is a long tubule that extends even to the outer side of the kidney.
So the correct answer is 'Bowman's capsule'

Question 3

1 / -0

Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
Dialysis tubing is a semipermeable membrane. It allows small molecules, such as water, to pass through easily, while larger molecules, such as sucrose, are restricted. Movement of molecules across the tubing is due to concentration gradients. In an experiment designed to study osmosis, several pieces of dialysis tubing were filled with sucrose solutions of varying concentration and placed in beakers containing distilled water. The rate and direction of water movement was determined by weighing the bags before and after placing them in the distilled water. The data are recorded below.Table 1

Tube number	Tube contents (beaker contents)	Mass(g) 0 minutes	Mass (g) 15 minutes	Mass(g) 30 minutes	Mass (g) 45 minutes	Mass (g) 60 minutes
1	Distilled water (distilled water)	22.3 g	22.4 g	22.2 g	22.3 g	22.3 g
2	10% sucrose (distilled water)	24.8 g	25.3 g	25.7 g	26.4 g	26.9 g
3	40% sucrose (distilled water)	25.1 g	26.3 g	27.5 g	28.9 g	29.6 g
4	Distilled water (40% sucrose)	22.7 g	21.3 g	20.5 g	19.8 g	18.7 g

Which of the following graphs best illustrates the relationship between Tube 2 and Tube 3?

Solution

In osmosis, the solvent molecule (distilled water in this case) passes through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration. In this case, tube 2 has lower solute concentration than tube 3. Hence more water accumulated in tube 3 than 2. So, the correct answer is option B.

Question 4
1 / -0

In prokaryotes, the glycocalyx when it is thick is called

A
Mesosome

B
Cell wall

C
Slime layer

D
Capsule.

Solution

The correct answer is A
Glycocalyx is a Polysaccharide coat external to the cell wall on bacteria.
A well defined rigid layer of glycocalyx which is thick is called as capsule.
Question 5
1 / -0

Match the following. Identify the correct match between Set-I and Set-II.
Set-I Set-II
A) Flame cells I) Arthropods
B) Coiled tubules II) Platyhelminths
C) Malpighian tubules III) Crustcean
D) Green glands IV) Annelids

A
A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- III

B
A- I, B- II, C- IV, D- III

C
A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II

D
A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

Solution

Flame cells are specialized excretory cells found in phylum Platyhelminthes. Nephridia are specialized excretory organs found in Annelids. These are coiled tubules that are formed by the invagination of ectoderm into coelom. Malpighian tubules are the specialized excretory organ found in Arthropods including insects. Green glands are specialized excretory glands found in Crustacean. They open at the bases of the larger antennae.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one is not a gland?

A
Thyroid

B
Pituitary

C
Pancreas

D
Kidney

Solution

The correct answer is D (kidney)
Glands are secretory structure which secrete substances called hormones.
Kidney is an excretory organ and not a gland.
Question 7
1 / -0

Medulla of the kidney is composed of.

A
Les than $$8$$ pyramids

B
Only one pyramid

C
$$8$$ to $$18$$ pyramids

D
More than $$20$$ pyramids

Solution

The correct option is C
The renal medulla forms conical pyramids shaped masses which project into the renal pelvis. These are called as medullary pyramids or renal pyramids which are 8 to 18 in humans.
Question 8
1 / -0

Number of uriniferous tubules in the two mammalian kidney are.

A
Nearly $$2$$ millions

B
More than $$3$$ millions

C
Less than $$1$$ million

D
More than $$1$$ million

Solution

The correction option is A
Each kidney has about one million nephrons, so both the kidneys will have nearly 2 million nephrons or uriniferous tubules.
Question 9
1 / -0

If Henles loop were absent from mammalian nephron which of the following is to be expected

A
There will be no urine formation

B
There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed

C
The urine will be more concentrated

D
The urine will be more dilute

Solution

Urine will be more dilute because of concentration of urine due to counter current mechanism. loop of henle of juxtra glomenular nephrons take part in counter current mechanism. So if the loop of henle will absent then that counter mechanism will not take part in system so there will be no issues of concentration of urine.
So, the correct option is 'The urine will be more dilute'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Bowman's capsule is formed of.

A
Cuboidal epithelium

B
Ciliated epithelium

C
Squamous epithelium

D
Columnar epithelium

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Set-I	Set-II
A) Flame cells	I) Arthropods
B) Coiled tubules	II) Platyhelminths
C) Malpighian tubules	III) Crustcean
D) Green glands	IV) Annelids

Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 64

Result

Excretory Products and their Elimination Test 64

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Absent

Longer

Shorter

Withered

Thinner

Solution

Question 2

Loop of the henle

PCT

DCT

Bowman's capsule

Solution

Question 3

Solution

Question 4

Mesosome

Cell wall

Slime layer

Capsule.

Solution

Question 5

A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- III

A- I, B- II, C- IV, D- III

A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II

A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

Solution

Question 6

Thyroid

Pituitary

Pancreas

Kidney

Solution

Question 7

Les than $$8$$ pyramids

Only one pyramid

$$8$$ to $$18$$ pyramids

More than $$20$$ pyramids

Solution

Question 8

Nearly $$2$$ millions

More than $$3$$ millions

Less than $$1$$ million

More than $$1$$ million

Solution

Question 9

There will be no urine formation

There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed

The urine will be more concentrated

The urine will be more dilute

Solution

Question 10

Cuboidal epithelium

Ciliated epithelium

Squamous epithelium

Columnar epithelium

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