Biological Classification Test

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Biological Classification Test - 28

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Viruses multiply

A
In vivo

B
In vitro

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

Viruses multiply invivo. It means they multiply inside living cells because viruses do not have the 'machinery' to make copies of themselves.
Viruses inject their genetic material (DNA or RNA) into the host cell and utilizes the host cell's synthetic machinery. The host cell's ribosomes - along with the host cell's tRNA's, amino acids synthesize new proteins that will make up the viral capsids. The host cell's RNA primase, polymerases, free nucleotides, etc. are used to synthesize new DNA (or RNA) that will make up the hundreds or thousands of new virus's genomes.
Question 2
1 / -0

Given below is the diagram of a bacteriophage. In which one of the options
all the four parts A, B, C and D are correct?

A
A - Tail fibres, B - Head, C - Sheath, D - Collar

B
A - Sheath, B - Collar, C - Head, D - Tail Fibres

C
A - Head, B - Sheath, C - Collar, D - Tail fibres

D
A - Collar, B - Tail fibres, C - Head, D - Sheath
Solution
- Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.
- The $$T_4$$ phage that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli consists of a polyhedral head attached to a helical tail, a shape commonly found in bacteriophages.
- Many phages have tail fibers that attach to the host cell.
- So, the correct answer is 'A - Head, B - Sheath, C - Collar, D - Tail fibres'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Fungi shows ............ mode of nutrition.

A
Saprophytic

B
Phagocytic

C
Pinocytic

D
None of these
Solution
- Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms. Fungi are unable to make their own food material because of the absence of chlorophyll.
- Phagocytic mode of nutrition includes engulfment of solid material using pseudopodia. Fungi do not show a phagocytic mode of nutrition.
- Pinocytosis mode of nutrition involves the engulfment of liquid or small particles by forming an invagination around it and forming a small vesicle. Fungi do not show the pinocytic mode of nutrition.
- Fungi obtain nutrients from dead, organic matter. Fungi release digestive enzymes to break down complex food into a simple form of food. Such, simple form of food is utilized by fungi. This is the saprophytic mode of nutrition.
Hence the correct option is A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Cell wall of fungi is made up of______

A
Chitin

B
Lignin

C
Pectin

D
Suberin

Solution

Cell wall is a tough, rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. The cell wall is a characteristic feature to cells of plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and some archaea. It is located outside the cell membrane. Cell wall composition varies from species to species and also depends on the developing stage of the organism. Protozoans and animals do not have a cell wall. In fungi, cell walls are made chitin.
Hence the correct option is A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Anaerobic synthesis is found in bacteria which is

A
Endergonic

B
Exergonic

C
Isothermal

D
None of the above

Solution

Anaerobic synthesis found in bacteria is an exergonic reaction as an enormous amount of energy is produced during anaerobic respiration. The energy is released in form of ATP by substrate level phosphorylation.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

The unequivocal proof of DNA as the genetic material came from the studies on which organism?

A
Viroid

B
Bacterial virus

C
Bacterium

D
Fungus

Solution

The unequivocal proof that DNA is the genetic material came from the experiments of Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952). They worked with viruses that infect bacteria called bacteriophages. The bacteriophage attaches to the bacteria and its genetic material then enter the bacterial cell. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

Growth of Lichens on barren rocks is followed by the growth of____________.

A
Moss

B
Ferns

C
Gymnosperms

D
Algae

Solution

The process of community development over time, which involves species in one stage being replaced by other species, is called ecological succession. It is divided as primary succession and secondary succession. An area is initially colonized by certain early-successional species such as Lichens, they are often the first organism to colonize an area that will undergo primary succession. Once new soil has formed in an area it gives way over time to mild-successional species, such as mosses and grasses, which in turn give way much later to late-successional species.
Question 8
1 / -0

Organisms without nucleus and cell organelles belong to
(i) Fungi
(ii) Protista
(iii) Cyanobacteria
(iv) Archaebacteria

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(iii) and (iv)

C
(i) and (iv)

D
(ii) and (iii)

Solution

Cyanobacteria and Archaebacteria are the prokaryotic organisms. These organisms are placed in the kingdom Monera. These organisms do not have well-developed structures like the nucleus, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, etc. Fungi and protists are eukaryotes and have well-developed cellular organelles.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

Lichens do not like to grow in cities

A
Because of absence of the right type of algae and fungi

B
Because of lack of moisture

C
Because of $$SO_2$$ pollution

D
Because natural habitat is missing

Solution

Lichens are also known as bioindicators and grow in nonpolluted areas. The sulphur dioxide present in the polluted air kills lichens due to chemical formed by them. So lichens grow in cities like Shimla, Kullu as the air is free from pollution but it cannot be seen in cities like Delhi due to the high amount of pollution.
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Leptothrix is a

A
Nitrifying bacteria

B
Sulphur bacteria

C
Iron bacteria

D
Hydrogen bacteria

Solution

Leptothrix is a long, slender, sheathed Gram-positive bacteria which can be found in different types of aquatic environments. It is capable of oxidizing both iron and manganese. It is characterised by its filamentous growth and ability to form uniquely shaped microtubular sheaths through the precipitation of copious amounts of iron or manganese. Leptothrix sheaths act as suitable material for lithium battery electrode, catalyst enhancer and pottery pigment.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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Biological Classification Test - 28

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Biological Classification Test - 28

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Question 1

In vivo

In vitro

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 2

A - Tail fibres, B - Head, C - Sheath, D - Collar

A - Sheath, B - Collar, C - Head, D - Tail Fibres

A - Head, B - Sheath, C - Collar, D - Tail fibres

A - Collar, B - Tail fibres, C - Head, D - Sheath

Solution

Question 3

Saprophytic

Phagocytic

Pinocytic

None of these

Solution

Question 4

Chitin

Lignin

Pectin

Suberin

Solution

Question 5

Endergonic

Exergonic

Isothermal

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Viroid

Bacterial virus

Bacterium

Fungus

Solution

Question 7

Moss

Ferns

Gymnosperms

Algae

Solution

Question 8

(i) and (ii)

(iii) and (iv)

(i) and (iv)

(ii) and (iii)

Solution

Question 9

Because of absence of the right type of algae and fungi

Because of lack of moisture

Because of $$SO_2$$ pollution

Because natural habitat is missing

Solution

Question 10

Nitrifying bacteria

Sulphur bacteria

Iron bacteria

Hydrogen bacteria

Solution

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