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Biological Classification Test - 43

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Biological Classification Test - 43
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In a highly industrialised area, which of the following will be virtually absent?
    Solution
    In a highly industrialized area, lichens will be virtually absent as these area will be highly polluted and lichens are useful bioindicators for air and water pollution specially for sulphur dioxide pollution. Their efficient absorption systems results in rapid accumulation of sulphur when exposed to high levels of sulphur dioxide pollution and the algal partner are most affected by the sulphur dioxide as chlorophyll is destroyed and photosynthesis is inhibited.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Protistans capable of producing fruiting bodies and spores belong to
    Solution
    Slime moulds are a special type of protistan fungi. They show an asexual mode of reproduction. Sporulation is the most common mode of reproduction in them. They form fruiting bodies, which store food. These fruiting bodies contain haploid spores. These spores when matured are released and the process of sporulation continues.
    So, option C " Slime Moulds" is the correct answer.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    A particular city's air could be polluted with high concentrations of pollutants such as SO$$_2$$. The presence of which organism you will likely look for to predict whether the city's air is polluted or not?
    Solution
    Lichens are used as the indicators of air pollution. These structures grow on tree bark and rocks. Air pollutants which are in the gaseous forms get dissolved in the rainwater, especially SO$$_2$$ (sulphur dioxide) can damage lichens, and check them from growing. In places where lichens do not grow, it indicates that the air is heavily polluted with sulphur dioxide and other pollutants. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is the use of lichens in case of pollution?
    Solution
    Bioindicators are living organisms that respond in an especially clear way to a change in the environment. The hardy lichens are useful bioindicators for air pollution, especially sulfur dioxide pollution, since they derive their water and essential nutrients mainly from the atmosphere rather than from the soil. It also helps that, they are able to react to air pollutants all year round. Compared with most physical/chemical monitors, they are inexpensive to use in evaluating air pollution.
    Lichens can also be used to measure toxic elemental pollutants and radioactive metals because they bind these substances in their fungal threads where they concentrate them over time. Environmental scientists can then evaluate this accumulation to determine the history of the local air
    So, the correct answer is 'They act as bioindicators of pollution'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Biological weathering of rock is caused by 
    Solution
    • The weathering of rocks is responsible for the formation of soil. It occurs due to a variety of reasons like under the effect of lichens. 
    • Lichens cause the breakdown of rock materials and organic minerals. Thus they breakdown the surface of rocks.
    • Mosses also release different gases and cause the breakdown of rocks they grow on.
    • Roots of plants that grow on rocks cause cracks on the surface of rocks.
    • Thus, all these factors are responsible for the weathering of rocks.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Lichen is usually cited as an example of symbiosis in plants where an algal and fungal species live together for their mutual benefit. Which of the following will happen if algal and fungal partners are separated from each other in laboratory conditions?
    Solution
    Algae are green photosynthetic organisms. They are autotropic as they perform the process of photosynthesis to prepare their own food. Lichens cannot prepare their own as they are non-photosynthetic. So, inn absence of lichens , algae can survive as they can prepare their own food. But lichens will starve and ultimately die. 
    So, option C is the correct answer.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    A pathogen which cannot be cultured on nutrient medium is
    Solution
    Culture medium or growth medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms. The most common growth media are liquid. These are often mixed with agar and poured into Petri dishes to solidify. These agar plates provide a solid medium on which microbes may be cultured. Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, need specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells. Hence., viruses cannot be cultured in the nutrient medium. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In fungi, mycelium breaks into fragments of hyphae and each broken fragment give rise to a new mycelium. Which of the following explains this process?
    Solution
    Fragmentation is the mode of asexual reproduction in which multicellular organism splits into two or more fragments, which survive as a new individual. The fungi exhibit fragmentation as the form of asexual reproduction. The mycelial hyphae are broken into smaller fragments which can give rise to new mycelium. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is lichen?
    Solution
    Reindeer moss is a type of lichen. It grows in arctic regions and is a bluish-grey organism. In winters, it provides food for reindeer. Apple moss, peat moss and club moss are typical mosses. 
    So, option C " Reindeer moss" is the correct answer.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Pin mould reproduces by means of
    Solution
    Fungi are eukaryotic, spore-bearing, achlorophyllous organisms that generally reproduce sexually and asexually. Fungi reproduce by vegetative, asexual, and sexual means. Vegetative reproduction may take place by fragmentation, or by fission or budding. The most common method of asexual reproduction in fungi is by the formation of the spores, which show considerable variation in color, size, and shape. Thus, option B is the correct answer.  

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