Biological Classification Test

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Biological Classification Test - 47

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following microorganisms exists as a crystal?

A

B

C

D

Solution

The viruses are made up of the protein particles forming the protein coat. The image in the option C represents the virus which attacks the bacteria called as bacteriophage. The viruses can be crystallized in which the crystals are having a definite arrangement of the molecules in space. These crystallized molecules can be used for the study of the structure and the symmetry of the viruses by X-ray crystallography.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is true for a virus?

A
Always viewed with a light microscope

B
Are an enzyme-nucleus mix

C
Obligate, intracellular parasites

D
Host independent

E
None of the above

Solution

Viruses are called as an obligate intracellular parasite because they are non-living outside the host cell. They can live only inside the host cell. They are unable to perform life process outside the living cells. They use the metabolic machinery of the host cell to replicate. So the viruses are called as intracellular obligate parasites. Viruses are smaller than bacteria and contain either DNA or RNA. Viruses are very specific to their host.
So, the correct answer is 'They are obligate intracellular parasites'.
Question 3
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Select the correct pair in which one photosynthesizes, whereas the other does not.

A
Cyanobacteria and algae

B
Algae and fungi

C
Mosses and ferns

D
Ferns and gymnosperms

E
Gymnosperms and angiosperms

Solution

Cyanobacteria are the prokaryotic microscopic autotrophic organism (kingdom Monera). Algae are eukaryotic autotrophs while fungi are eukaryotic saprophytes or heterotrophs. Mosses, fern and spermatophytes (angiosperms and gymnosperms) are eukaryotic autotrophs and are kept in Kingdom Plantae. The correct answer is B.
Question 4
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An organism is larger than bacteria and primarily composed of protein. It is covered with a lipid-based membrane. This organism consists genetic material as double-stranded DNA and lacks RNA.The interior of the structure have few enzymes. Identify this organism.

A
A virus

B
A protozoan

C
An alga

D
A bacterium

E
A prion

Solution

Protozoans and alga have phospholipid bilayer, full enzymatic machinery and RNA as a carrier of genetic information from DNA to proteins. Bacteria have peptidoglycan cell wall and RNA as a carrier of genetic information or as genetic material as well as whole enzymatic machinery. Prions are the proteinaceous infectious particles that consist of only protein particles, but no genetic material, capable of causing neurodegenerative diseases. The virus is an acellular organism and obligate parasite having lipid membrane and protein coat. They have only a few enzymes and use those of host cell to replicate DNA. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Why are viruses considered to be non-living?

A
They do not have cells.

B
They cannot reproduce on their own.

C
They have no metabolic activity.

D
All of the above.

Solution

Virus are not cells as they do not contain any cellular components. They consist only DNA/RNA surrounded by a protein covering. Since they do not contain any cellular components cellular activities like metabolism, reproduction etc are absent.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following exhibit the characteristics given below?
i. Plant like organisms
ii. Lacks chlorophyll
iii. Mostly saprophytes and parasites

A
Euglena

B
Fungi

C
Algae

D
Bryophytes

Solution

1. Fungi were initially considered plant-like organisms as they have cell wall like plants.
2. They lack chlorophyll and do not show photosynthesis.
3. They are mostly saprophytes and parasitic. The saprophytes are found as decomposers in soil.
Thus the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

The odd one amongst following is

A
Nitrococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas

B
Rhizobium, Bacillus Polymyxa, Pseudomonas

C
Clostridium, Rhizobium, Nostoc

D
Anabaena, Nostoc, Azotobacter, Clostridium

Solution

Nitrogen fixation can be done by either free-living organism or by forming a symbiotic association with plants. Free-living nitrogen fixers are Anabaena, Nostoc, Azotobacter, Clostridium, Aulosira, Bacillus species. While Rhizobium and Bacillus polymyxa forms a symbiotic association with roots to fix atmospheric nitrogen, pseudomonas is a denitrifying bacteria. Nitrococcus, Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas are the nitrifying bacteria that convert ammonia to the usable form of nitrogen for plants. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following bacteria is observed as chain-like formation?

A
Escherichia coli

B
Bacillus subtilis

C
Streptococcus phosphatase

D
Micrococcus flavus

Solution

Cocci is a spherical shape bacteria. The coccus are arranged in the chain or linear form in streptococcus bacteria.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

The antibiotics have no effect on viruses because

A
Viruses show metabolism of their own

B
Viruses are too small in size for antibiotics to act upon them

C
Viruses show no metabolism of their own

D
Viruses produce a thick covering and encyst themselves as endospore
Solution
- Antibiotics work by interfering with the metabolism generally, but viruses are parasites that can only reproduce inside a host cell.
- They have no metabolism of their own. Viruses use the molecular structures and functions of the infected cells.
- These are totally resistant to commonly used antibiotics. That's why antibiotics have no effect on viruses.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Mycobiont and phycobiont association is

A
Symbiotic

B
Commensel

C
Parasitic

D
Helotism

Solution

In lichens, there is the association of mycobiont and phycobiont called as helotism because in this relationship algae act as a slave, prepare food for fungi and fungi act as master. The reproduction in algae is inhibited by the influence of fungi.