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Biological Classification Test - 49

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Biological Classification Test - 49
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    A pathogen which cannot be cultured in an artificial medium is
    Solution
    The pathogens are cultured in the artificial medium in order to study their characteristics and search for the antibiotics which can be used against the infection caused by these pathogens. The viruses cannot be cultured in the artificial medium because these are obligate parasites and require living cells for the growth. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is also called as 'root ripe'?
    Solution
    Umbilicaria asculenta is an edible and medicinal lichen used in a Japan and commonly called as 'root ripe' was eaten by persons in arctic regions in danger of starvation. It is mainly grows on rock.
  • Question 3
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    Protein infectious particles better known as 'Prions' are also called as 
    Solution
    Prions are infectious protein particle which acts as a pathogen and causes the neurodegenerative disorder in humans. They lack genetic material and multiply by stimulating normal cellular prion protein to refold into a form called PrP scrapie. It is a malformed protein so they are not capable to reproduce and so they are also known as a slow virus.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    What is the genetic material of Ebola virus?
    Solution
    Ebola virus causes the disease called Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The genetic material is single-stranded RNA surrounded by the nucleoprotein and various other components present inside the nucleocapsid. This nucleocapsid is enclosed in a viral envelope. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
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    The cell theory is not applicable to
    Solution
    The cell theory states that all living beings are made of cells. There is a debate as to whether or not viruses should be considered to be alive. The debate results from the fact that viruses cannot reproduce on their own. They must invade a host cell and utilize the host’s genetic material in order to reproduce. Viruses are not true cells. They lack the most important part of the cell, the protoplasm. Hence, the cell theory is not applicable to viruses. Hence, the answer is C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Smallest virus is
    Solution
    •  The smallest virus is the one causing foot and mouth disease also called FMDV. 
    • The disease caused by the airborne virus is very highly communicable transmitting up to many kilometers but the virus is as small as 0.008 to 0.012 microns.
    • Thus, option A is correct.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Who discovered virus to be nucleoprotein entity?
    Solution

    • Bawden and Pirie, while they were studying Tobacco Mosaic Virus, found that viruses contain ribonucleic acid. 
    • They demonstrated that the genetic material which is found in the virus is RNA.
    • The correct answer is D.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Who discovered that RNA is genetic material in TMV?
    Solution
    The genetic material of most plant viruses is RNA. TMV contains RNA as the genetic material which was discovered by Gierere and Schramm. The RNA present in the TMV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that infects a wide range of plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae. The infection causes characteristic patterns such as "mosaic"-like mottling and discolouration on the leaves. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option 'Gierere and Schramm'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Virion is
    Solution

    Correct option: D

    Explanation:

    • Virion: It is the complete virus with its protein shell or capsid and the inside core nucleic acid. 
    • The term is given to viruses when present outside the host cell or a non-living state of any virus is known as virions.
    • It is smaller than viruses and most of the virions are spheroidal and rod-shaped.
    • Examples: Adenovirus and Retrovirus.

    Hence, ‘virus in the cell-free environment’ is the correct answer.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The first virus to be cultured in human cells was
    Solution
    The virus lacks metabolism of its own and due to this reason, they cannot multiply without infecting a living cell. Due to this reason, viruses could not be cultured in a laboratory. In 1941 John Enders, Frederick Robbins and Thomas Weller succeeded in culturing the virus that causes polio. They cultured the poliovirus in human muscle and tissue in a laboratory setting. This was the first virus cultured in human cells. So, the correct answer is 'Poliovirus'.
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